Market umhlaba

Imarike ihlabathi ngenxa urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Kuyinto sphere ekhethekileyo kobudlelwane yorhwebo-mali, nto leyo iphuhlise phakathi kwamazwe ngamnye, ngokusekelwe kwi kulwahlulo yeemeko kwimveliso kunye nabasebenzi.

Imarike ihlabathi yenye iindidi ezingundoqo kuqoqosho lwehlabathi, kuquka esisiseko parameters zayo yaye ukongeza ngayo kunye nezinye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ezinxulumene ngqo ukuhamba yeemeko yemveliso kumgangatho wehlabathi.

Ingcamango kurhwebo lwehlabathi isoloko kuchazwa ngeendlela ezintathu: ngokwembono nesakhelo soqoqosho olukhulu kuqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe; ngokwembono nenxaxheba exchange lempahla kunye neenkonzo ze zifundo; ngokwembono yoqoqosho lwezopolitiko.

Njengoko sikhokelo yoqoqosho olukhulu kuqoqosho lwehlabathi lorhwebo lwehlabathi le yingqokelela zesizwe kunye ngamnye iimarike nokuhlanganiswa kwezoqoqosho lizwe amaqela. Ukubandakanywa zesizwe ezahlukeneyo ngokubanzi umiselwa iqondo inxaxheba lizwe ngokwayo kunxulumano lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye wavakalisa izabelo eziqhelekileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Ngokwembono ngabalawulwa koqoqosho lwehlabathi, abathatha inxaxheba kurhwebo lwehlabathi, kurhwebo lwehlabathi yinkqubo koqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe, kuquka abaxumi, abavelisi, imibutho kunye yabameli ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwezi ubudlelwane eyenza unikezelo aggregate kunye nemfuno.

Ngokwembono kuqoqosho theory kwezopolitiko imarike sezwe indibanisela yentengiso kunye nokuthengwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo (iinkonzo) phakathi kwamaqumrhu ngamnye kuqoqosho-class yehlabathi.

Ukuqulunqwa kwimarike yehlabathi ngenxa lokuqulunqa nokuphuhlisa yemveliso yorhwebo kunye ngamazwe kwimalike yabasebenzi. A nempembelelo enkulu kokuhluma yayo ibe ukwakhiwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu kushishino lomatshini.

Kukho iimeko ezininzi ukuchaza. Kuqala kwinto zonke, ukusukela iingeniso wadala iimeko okuhle ukuthengiswa kweemveliso hayi kuphela kumazwe abo okuzalwa, kodwa kude. Ngoko wathabatha zithethwa imeko apho urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemarike yehlabathi kwako phantse ezichongiweyo. Ukongeza, igama kushishino lomatshini i kuye kwenza kokukhutshwa imithamo emikhulu impahla yentengiso, nto leyo zandiswa imida yokuhlawula amatyala ngayo abathengi ukuba zibonakele kwiimarike zangaphandle.

Umthamo kwimarike yehlabathi zaqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza. Eyona kuphuhliswa amashishini bathontelana ezifika njalo kwamanye amazwe. imveliso Ubunzima kukhokelele ekwandeni kwemfuno izinto, ezenza kwakhona kwakhokelela emuva ngakumbi kurhwebo lwehlabathi abathengi nje kuphela kodwa abathengisi. Ngcembe bakha emarikeni hayi iimpahla kuphela, kodwa jikelele market eyinkunzi, umsebenzi ongundoqo leyo nokwanda ngokutsha kwezibonelelo ngohlobo eyinkunzi phakathi kwamazwe.

Imarike lehlabathi kwasekwa njengoko livela wesizwe, chaza njengoko kwaqalisa ukukhuphela nayiphi na imveliso ngokwabo, yaye ke kuphela iimpahla kwemfuneko wahambela kwelinye. Oko kukuthi market yehlabathi, kwaye Kwabonakala kuqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Ezona mpawu ziphambili imarike ihlabathi zezi zilandelayo.

Capacity - ubonelelo iyonke ayafumaneka kwimarike ngaxa lithile. Anda ngayo ilingana umthamo ngaphandle iyonke zehlabathi.

MR okusingqongileyo - oku unikezelo wokwenene kunye nemfuneko, anokuba phezulu, phantsi okanye lizama. Environment kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kodwa impembelelo eyintloko enalo imeko jikelele noqoqosho lwamazwe ngamazwe (wobuyiselo - yokuchitha - yokuchitha - depression) kwakunye nobume kwezoqoqosho iinkqubo ngamnye amazwe ahambele phambili; abadlali kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe (i ngakumbi kubo apho iqanjwa izakhiwo ezinkulu monopolistic, kokukhona kusenokwenzeka ithuba lokubanga yemarike kwixesha elizayo).