Magnesium oxide: Properties, Ukulungiselela, isicelo

Magnesium oksayidi ubizwa magnesia elinyukayo elula okanye wemagniziyam oxide. Le nto elula kwaye entle crystalline powder emhlophe. Kwindalo, lo oxide nemagnesium kwenzeka njengoko periclase bezimbiwa. Ishishini lokutya into eyaziwa ngokuba a additive ukutya phantsi ikhowudi E530.

Iimpawu magnesium oxide

Ifomula chemical osisiqu: MgO. Le compound inamalunga akukho ivumba kwi ammonia kwaye asidi sele enyibilikayo emanzini, ukunyibilika kwayo kwi-30 ° C yi grams 0,0086 kuphela / 100 ml, kunye notywala kunye ayithethi ukunyibilika. mass izinyo of MgO - 40,3044 g / Mol. Kwi-20 ° C nokuxinana walo 3,58 g / cm³, abilayo ubushushu - 3600 ° C, ukunyibilika - 2852 ° C. Melkokristallichesky magnesium oxide iikhemikhali kakhulu esebenzayo. Ikwazi ukubizela carbon dioxide ukwenza carbonate elihambelanayo:

• MgO + CO ₂ = MgCO _3;

phofu ecothayo-, kodwa idityaniswe namanzi, ukwakha ezingenakunyibilika base obuthathaka :

• H ₂ O + MgO = MG (OH) _2;

into awasabela ngayo kunye iasidi:

• 2HCl + MgO = MgCl ₂ + H ₂ O

Le magnesium oxide calcined uphelelwa reactivity yayo. Kufuneka kwakhona zongezwe ukuba le gigroskopechen umgubo.

Ukulungiswa magnesium oxide

Kushishino, le ezimbaxa yalungiselelwa ncakasana ngokuthi ukudubula. Okubonakalayo kusetyenziswa izimbiwa ezifana dolomite (MgCO3.CaCO3) okanye magnesia (MgCO3). Ukongeza, magnesia lwenziwa usebenzisa i bishofit calcination (MgCl ₂ x 6H ₂ O) xa umphunga wamanzi, calcining MG (OH) 2 kunye nezinye iyahlozinga kuzo lobushushu mg iikhompawundi. Phantsi kweemeko laboratory, MgO nibe senilungile yi abasabela ngayo amacandelo alo:

• 2Mg + O ₂ = 2MgO;

okanye yokubola thermal of neetyuwa ezithile okanye hayidroksayidi:

• MgCO ₃ = MgO + CO _2.

Kuxhomekeka kwindlela yemveliso wemagniziyam oxide anesiko ukwahlula iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili iikhompawundi: ukukhanya magnesia enzima. Eyokuqala ngumgubo enemibala emihle, apho zilula ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukungena indlela ezahlukeneyo asidi yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano, apho zezilwanya mg iityuwa. Elesibini liquka ziikristale ezinkulu periclase zendalo okanye zokwenziwa kunye nokumelana amanzi owahlukileyo kwaye egalelwe ngakumbi.

wemagniziyam oxide

Kushishino, le ezimbaxa sisetyenziselwa mveliso isamente, elinjubaqa, njengoko isikhombisi kwi irabha kunye unyango oyile bezimbiwa. Ultralight magnesium oksayidi isetyenziswa njenge entle kakhulu esirhabaxa, leyo nyulu komhlaba. Ngokukodwa, kusetyenziswa kushishino elektroniki le. Ukongeza, magnesia sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi amayeza. Apho MgO isetyenziswa eyayichasene kwinqanaba iasidi esiswini ezenzeka ngenxa ezigqithiseleyo of zehydrochloric acid. Magnesium oksayidi kwakhona ungayithabatheli lwaze izinto esebenzayo ngempazamo abanjiswe esiswini. Kushishino yokutya MgO isetyenziswa njenge additive ukutya (E530) ikhowudi, engakuvumeliyo clumping kunye caking. Magnesia lendlele ikwasetyenziswa kwijiminastiki. Apha, uthuli lisetyenziswe ezandleni iimbaleki ukuba uqhagamshelane kunye nezixhobo msebenzi inokuthenjwa. Yongeza ukuba oxide wemagniziyam yinto kugqame kakhulu. Lo ngumfanekiso ukungavumelani kwe iyeza le band eyandisiweyo ecacicleyo ilingana kumanyano ngoko kusenokuba kuhle ukuba isetyenziswe njengesingqiniso emhlophe.