Le ndlu yecawa saseReims eFransi iifoto, isimbo kunye nembali. Yintoni Cathedral umdla saseReims?

SaseReims Cathedral (France) - ayikho nje wobugcisa izakhiwo zwe. Ukongeza ixabiso le bhokisi, isakhiwo uvelisa omnye, kubaluleke ngakumbi. Lwakuba nje wathabatha ibekwa bonke ookumkani yaseFransi. imore Apha agcinwe (ioli enuka kamnandi), ngokutsho legend, wathunyelwa nguThixo ezulwini ukuya ubhaptizo kwathanjiswa ubukumkani KukaClovis. Nangona France kukade icangcisiwe kwiriphabliki, le yecawa luphawu nobukhulu lizwe kunye yayo elidlulileyo ezukileyo. Ukuze iingcali zakhiwo ephakathi Cathédrale yaseNotre-Dame de saseReims kwakhona ixabiso elikhulu. Ngokungafaniyo Notre Dame de Paris, ugalelwe apho izimbo ezahlukeneyo, le yecawa saseReims ngumzekelo obalaseleyo High Gothic. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba sakhiwo lwakhiwe ngu Galaxy lonke nabayili zilandelelana, zonke iindawo nto uzakhela yonke ephilayo. Makhe sihlolisise le oqingqiweyo lwezakhiwo zamaxesha, mazifakwe kwi-UNESCO World List Heritage.

Kwase saseReims Cathedral

Kwisiza kwesakhiwo ngexesha kokoyiswa eGaul ngu baseRoma wahlala phantsi. Uhlobo kakhulu ka-Champagne wenza amaRoma ukwakha saseReims kunye Forum umdla: ngokwahlukileyo kwezinye izixeko, ukuba akagqubuthele, makaselenquthulwa leyo ukuba abemi ukuba bahlanganise phantsi ukukhuselwa kweendonga emvuleni ebandayo. Xa ubuKristu baba inkolo karhulumente, kwisayithi kwekota yokuqala le ndlu yecawa. SaseReims ubhishophu wabasikelela nickases, bamiselwa ukuba imbeko Lady yethu. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-V, ngomnyaka 498, inkokeli Franks KukaClovis lafumana ubhaptizo kwi yecawa izandla Remigius. Kamva, le nguqulelo ubuhedeni kubuKristu, wazihlanganisa kunye ibekwa. Emva KukaClovis mna, Mthiye kumkani France. Ngowe-816, Louis bosuku wakhetha saseReims njengendawo ibekwa. Wathatha yonke oyiNgcwele uBukhosi baseRoma. Ukuba uyalugcina ibango lazo kwigunya ukuthanda kukaThixo, yokuduma yasebukhosini usungule ilivo le ampulla engcwele. Bathi ngelo xesha ubhaptizo KukaClovis evela ezulwini wehla ihobe ethwele ngomlomo wayo kwiqamza ndawonye nehlabathi.

Le Cathedral yangoku kwimbali saseReims

Legend Golden of sesiidae, kwakunye nomnye ummangaliso Remigius (nithi, yena, njengoKristu eKana, ajike amanzi aba yiwayini), waqinisa amandla ezopolitiko kunye namandla abakhulu saseReims. Le ibandla laseRoma wayesele isicelo investiture. Ukuze ube ngumlawuli osemthethweni, oko kwakufuneka aye ngokusebenzisa ibekwa kwi yecawa. Isakhiwo ngokutsha ize yandiswe izihlandlo eziliqela. Ngu ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIII, yinto mzekelo ubalaseleyo izakhiwo Romanesque. Kodwa ngowe-1210 kwabakho umlilo, abatshabalalisa phantse ngokupheleleyo yecawa. SaseReims Archbishop Obri De Humbert wayalela ukuba ukuncothula izikhubekiso, yaye kamva ngonyaka, Meyi 6, 1211, wabeka ilitye yokuqala kulwakhiwo kwisakhiwo esitsha. Isonto elithile, kwaye abazahluleleyo Lady yethu, abakhi wayesebenza '64. Ke yakhiwa, njengoko bathi, ukususela ekuqaleni. Oko kukuthi izakhiwo Romanesque baba yadilika ngokupheleleyo kwaye kange afakwe kwi-complex.

abakhi

Thathela ingqalelo ukubaluleka isonto ukuya French Crown, ukwakhiwa kwayo, abakhi ixesha eli samenywa. Isicwangciso sakhiwo yaqulunqa wezakhiwo yokuqala - UJean d'Orbe. Ngokwezigqibo necebo lakhe, kufuneka ube kwindlu yonqulo emithathu enkulu, awela yi transept. Temple kufuneka uhombise iinqaba usapho kunye iCathedral zincopho zininzi. Kwaye ngeli xesha isicwangciso womzobi yokuqala zange iye yaphunyezwa. Ngoku ke itempile ebekwa ezinde ezimbini kuphela, apho imigangatho ephezulu lwagqitywa ngo-1427. Kodwa abayi kuba bayigqibe iintente yomumo. Ezinye labazobi abaziintloko "ngenyameko enkulu kunye nokukhuthala" (njengoko umkhumbuzi ithi) iyaqhubeka umsebenzi UJean d'Orbe. Ngowe-1231 waba ilandelwa ngu Jean le Loup, kwaye ngo-1247 - Gaucher saseReims. igalelo elikhulu ekwakheni wenza Bernard of Soissons, ongumsunguli ingcamango nerozi enkulu olungaphambili yasentshona. ezinde ezimbini kunye gallery of Kings obuyiyile ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIV Rober De Coucy. Phezu kwako zokwakha elide obunazo Indalo nabayili eziziingangamsha, indlela saseReims Cathedral kwaba kokupheleleyo. Kuphela olungaphambili lasentshonalanga kunganxulunyaniswa i "Flamboyant Gothic". Kodwa ke akathanga kungqubana symphony rock. Eneneni, indlela yonke yecawa - Classic Gothic.

incazelo

Ubude - 140 eemitha, ububanzi - malunga nama-30 eemitha. Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo inkulu engcwele eFransi, abaminyaka kwi indlela zwe. Noko ke, omkhulu imperceptible ukwakhiwa openwork ngenxa ezininzi nakwiingqameko ezibaziweyo pyramidal iCathedral gables exandekeni. Bemgama, kubonakala ngathi etempileni, Yolule esibhakabhakeni. Enye ezinde ezimbini Uyenza yentsimbi. Cathedral zwe e saseReims, kwakunye nezinye iicawa yale isimbo eStrasbourg, Chartres okanye Cologne, ezihonjiswe eqingqiweyo ezininzi. Abaninzi kubo, yeha, ezilahlekileyo - isiFrentshi Revolution ingakumbi leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi baba nzima phezu izakhiwo ezingcwele Champagne. Noko ke, into eseleyo, kunokuthi kubonwe iiyure. Le Umfanekiso idumileyo, elisuke laba okuluphawu kuphela Cathedral, kodwa sonke isixeko saseReims, nguye "ingelosi bencumile". Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo inani Atlanta, leyo waphefumlela Victor Hugo ukudala umfanekiso Quasimodo. Intanethi yetempile ahonjiswe ngemiboniso ye ibekwa le Virgin kaMariya, isiva kaKristu kunye Umgwebo Wokugqibela. Gallery Kings ukuba uthotho 56 eqingqiweyo ezinkulu.

mzuzu Greek, ukukrola yesiGothic

Yintoni bayacetyiswa ukuba sinikele ingqalelo kwiingcali, yinto intlanganiso ukubunjwa uMariya kunye Elizabeth. Le isiqabu lilungelo yomnyango omkhulu. Amanani ezimbini manina kufutshane kangaka izimiso Greece yamandulo, oko ayiyeki mangaza zobugcisa. Ngelishwa, igama nomkroli brilliant, abathatha inxaxheba ekwakhiweni kwendlu, olujikelezileyo ngeenxa 1220, iye yasinda. Kodwa leyo wakhe waziva kwezinye imifanekiso kunye BAS-imikrolo. Le ndlu yecawa saseReims ke ezihonjiswe ngeglasi emangalisayo nebala classic ukuya Gothic wavuka. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe olungaphambili esemantla window, ebalisa ibali kwendalo.

Ukubaluleka ku France

Cathedral saseReims iye rhoqo kuye imeko iziganeko ezibalulekileyo bayahlelwa eli lizwe. Ngoko ke, lo ibekwa ka Charles VII ngo-1429 apha, kunye inxaxheba i Ntombi of Orleans Joan of Arc. Lo mcimbi yaba zaguquka apha kule Iminyaka War. Xa XVI Archbishop ngenkulungwane ye Ndebele ayaziwa ngokuba Slavic Gospel. Kwi-ngqangi isiCyrillic, njengoko imibhalo twisisaka, ixesha elide wafunga bonke ookumkani isiFrentshi. Lo msitho yokugqibela yokuthambisa ubukumkani kwenzeka May 29, 1825. Kodwa ixesha lokubuyiselwa zange kube kudala, yaye kungekudala uCharles X ushiye kwezopolitiko.

Cathedral kunye nexesha

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba itempile XIII-XIV kwiinkulungwane kwakukhangeleka kwaye ngoku iifoto, saseReims Cathedral, ukusa kumkhamo othile, i "remakes." Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, idabi adumileyo Marne wajika mzi embindini umlo. Cathedral ngenxa yeziqhushumbisi German zitshatyalaliswe phantse ngokupheleleyo. Yokutyiwa okanye siyinxalenye yeyona eqingqiweyo yokuqala batshintshelwa Episcopal Palace ekufuphi (Palais Du Tau). Kwaye phezu yi yecawa waqalisa umsebenzi wokubuyisela elide. Bagcina kuphela ngo-1938. iglasi nebala yabuyiselwa (ngoncedo imizobo yi Marc Chagall) kuphela ngowe-1974.