Le khompyutha kuvuliwe kodwa ukuqala inkqubo yokusebenza: izinto kunokwenzeka nokusombulula ingxaki

Ngelishwa, ngamanye amaxesha uyakwazi ukufumana kakhulu yingxaki enkulu lokulayita kwi computer kwaye uqale inkqubo yokusebenza, nakuba kwakungekho zimpawu inkathazo de ingongoma ethile. Kwenzeka ukuba ikhompyutha akayi kujika ngalo bonke, kodwa uninzi khompyutha uphendulela kodwa ukuqala inkqubo yokusebenza. Oku ngeemeko ezinjalo kuqhubeka kwaye kuya kuxoxwa ngazo. Cinga imiba enxulumene umbuzo kutheni ikhompyutha ayiqalanga, kwaye nomawukwenze kwiimeko ezinjalo. Kukho izisombululo eziliqela jikelele.

Le khompyutha kuvuliwe kodwa ukuqala inkqubo yokusebenza: Oonobangela

Phakathi zonke iimeko kunokwenzeka, xa kukho ukusilela kwinkqubo yokuqala, ungakhetha kwezinye iimeko eziphambili.

Apha kukho ezintathu:

• a screen elimnyama kubonakala;
• kukho screen BSoD blue;
• indlela yokusebenza iqalisa, kodwa asikwazi ngokupheleleyo idrive.

Kwimeko yokuqala, xa ikhompyutha akuthethi ukuqala (ayibandakanyi ukulayisha), i screen omnyama zinokuvela iingxelo ebonisa kakuhle ngokwasemzimbeni okanye software. Kwimeko kwecacileyo, apho akukho monakalo kwenzeka, le nkqubo inganika ingxelo ukuba, umzekelo, ukunqongophala kwe-keyboard (ngokuba bekhompyutha). Isisombululo elula ibiya kuba ukudibanisa kwaye ufako kwakhona lwendlela.

Ukuba ikhompyutha ivuliwe kodwa ukuqala iyalayisha, kwaye endaweni wekhusi abamnyama ubonakala isilumkiso lokungaphumeleli software okanye iifayile ashiyiweyo, izizathu ukuziphatha okunjalo kwenkqubo kunokuba kakhulu okuninzi. Phakathi kwabo, ubukhulu becala iingxaki kuchongwa kunye diski enzima, inkqubo yokusebenza ukonzakala (nokususwa ngengozi okanye ngabom amacandelo inkqubo okanye entries yokubhaliswa), ifuthe iintsholongwane, olungachanekanga ubhala icandelo lendlela yokuqalelisa ikhompyutha, Iingxabano RAM, njl Koko, ukuba ikhusi blue pops up, ikakhulu libhekisela "RAM" okanye abaqhubi isixhobo ezintsha ifakiwe, obe ubaqhiphukisa imbonakalo ungquzulwano engekho lwenkqubo, kodwa kwinqanaba emzimbeni.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa ikhomputha yakho ayiyi ukuziqala, kwaye indlela yokusebenza ungaqali ngezizathu ngasentla? Kuxobekeka kwezo meko, kukho izisombululo eziliqela. umsebenzisi Uninitiated, ukuze kubonakale kunokuba nzima, kodwa enokusetyenziswa kuphela kwiimeko ezithile kwinkqubo ngokumphefumlela. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba bachithe ixesha kunye nemikhosi.

Le khompyutha kuvuliwe, kodwa ukulayisha, mandenze ntoni kuqala?

Makhe siqale kakhulu elula. Bacinga ukuba le nkqubo sele yenzekile ukusilela elifutshane zobugcisa, ezifana wayeka ngokungaqhelekanga okanye amathontsi ombane.

Njengomgaqo, phantse zonke namhlanje esetyenziswa yi Windows xa uguqulo kancincane ngesiqhelo qala ngokuzenzekelayo isebenze ngokusesikweni System Buyisela. Ukuba ayiwenzi, phambi kokuqala kwenkqubo kuya kufuneka usebenzise isitshixo F8 ukuzisa ukuqalelisa ezongezelelweyo menu (Windows 10 indlela eyahlukileyo isebenzisa).

Le khompyutha kuvuliwe kodwa ukuqala inkqubo yokusebenza? Ngaba akhathazeke. Apha, ekwimo yakhe kwecacileyo, ungakhetha ukuba ukulayisha umtya uqwalaselo eyaziwayo ezilungileyo lokugqibela. Ukuba onke amacandelo nenkqubo myalelo, isistim iya ukuziqala ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki. Ukuba oku kufuneka ukusebenzisa icandelo inkinga, yaye ngamanye amaxesha impumelelo ukuba isithsaba baze bazame ukuziqala kwindlela ekhuselekileyo.

yokosuleleka virus

Ngelishwa, iintsholongwane kunokubangela imbonakalo kwiimeko ezinjalo. Kuthekani ukuba ikhomputha ungaqali? Iindlela zokusombulula le ngxaki azezi yokuba ukusetyenziswa enamandla anti-virus, nto leyo mazitshekishwe ukuba ubukho umnwe phambi kokuqala i-OS ngokwayo.

Phakathi ezahlukeneyo software anti-virus yedwa kubalulekile ukuphawula ngezidingo disk eziqala ngqo zosasazo woqondo okanye USB-isixhobo, kufuneka iirekhodi zabo ukuqalelisa zabo, yaye imbonakalo-mfanekiso yeprogram ezifana Windows umsebenzisi. Enye zisezezona zixhobo zinamandla ungatsalela umnxeba i Kaspersky Rescue Disk. ukusetyenziswa kwayo kungaqinisekisa phantse likhulu Ubhaqo ekhulwini iintsholongwane, nokuba uzimele yemvu.

iingxabano RAM

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba benze ntoni xa ikhomputha yakho ayiyi ukuziqala, kwaye endaweni yoko screen oluhlaza. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, amaxesha amaninzi oko kubonisa umqhubi kunye memory iingxaki. Abaqhubi nabangekafumani wachukunyiswa, kodwa ujonge ukuba "RAM".

Isisombululo ocetywayo ukuba umba, ukuba ayiqalanga ikhompyutha, ikakhulu zenzelwe PC zokubhala. Kule meko, onke zephetshana memory kufuneka zisuswe, uze uzifake nganye nganye uze ujonge umthwalo. Mhlawumbi ezinye zazo kwaye unxulumano ebangela ndoyisiwe. Oku kungabonakala xa imicu abenzi ezahlukeneyo longeziwe.

Ukuba nkqubo iza kukwazi nangayiphi na indlela download usebenzisa enye ekhuselekileyo imo "RAM" ngoko nangoko kulandelwe eluncedo ngetsheki Memtest86 +, nto leyo eya kunceda ukuchonga isizathu sokuba le ngxaki.

Le nkqubo Akaboni i hard drive

Ngoku, le meko imbi xa ikhomputha yakho ayinalo ukuyiqala. Oonobangela kunye namancedo esinxulunyaniswa kunye hard diski.

Winchester ukuze iingxaki kunye software, kwaye umlinganiswa elibonakalayo, nangona ngamanye amaxesha nokude kulo. Ingxaki ingaba ilula kakhulu: ezikhethwa umsebenzisi ebekwe kwi ephambili BIOS wesiqalo evela kwiphakati, obunjengenye idiski enombala leyo kungokunje kuqhubo, kodwa nkqubo ayikho. Kufuneka kube lula ukususa kunye ulayisha-.

Kwelinye icala, enye ingxaki esingaqalwanga computer (ezingaqukwanga ukuqala kwenkqubo) inokubuyiselwa ezinxulumene yokuba ezonakeleyo ushicilelo lwesiqalo esisiso kunye necandelo ahambelanayo. Isisombululo sale meko iya kuxoxwa kamva. Kodwa kwimeko kwecacileyo, ungazama ukwenza i data recovery disk usebenzisa yoBuyiselo-eziluncedo.

Maxa wambi kuyanceda ukutshintsha izicwangciso primary entry system / BIOS kwimveliso. Apha kufuneka ukuba ufumane kwicandelo enxulumene ekutshoneni hard drive kwaye useto lwesimo wada wabiliswa uphela ukucima ukusetyenziswa AHCI indlela.

Okokugqibela, i-hard drive usenokuba njengokonzakala emzimbeni kuphela, kwaye ke ngaphandle ungenelelo akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle.

Ukusebenzisa le CD yoFakelo

Abasebenzisi abaninzi uwajongele ngokucacileyo uncedo anokuba ufakelo okanye wesiqalo disk kunye nomfanekiso kwenkqubo lokuhlangabezana neemeko xa ikhomputha yakho ivuliwe, kodwa hayi indlela yokusebenza lilayishiwe.

Okokuqala, phantse naluphi iseti ibandakanya ekuthiwa-Indawo yoBuyiselo Console, nge apho nobuninzi lokungaphumeleli zeenkqubo inokuphetshwa, yaye okwesibini, apha ungasebenzisa ilayini yomyalelo. Oku, koko, yindlela kakhulu. Okulandelayo, kuya kuba kucacile ukuba isebenza njani.

Iingxaki kunye umlayishi BOOTMGR

Kukholelwa ukuba le ngxaki ixhaphakileyo xa ikhompyutha ivuliwe kodwa ukuqala inkqubo yokusebenza, na umonakalo kwi Windows boot umlayishi (uMphathi Boot). Kulo mzekelo, inkqubo nje uthi akukho ukwahlulwahlulwa inkqubo (ayikho ukubona hard drive).

Lungisa le ngxaki kubonelelwa ukuqala idiski yokuqala uze uye isikhawulezisi yomyalelo ekuPhulukenwe Console, leyo zinokufumaneka cinezela «R». Okulandelayo, kufuneka kuqala usebenzise Khangela Disk umyalelo, uze ulungise (kwakhona) iirekhodi idrive.

yonke Ulandelelwano imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• chkdsk c: / f / r;
• Bootrec.exe / FixMbr;
• Bootrec.exe / FixBoot.

Emva kufakwa amanqaku umyalelo iziphumlisi ningoyiki, kwaye ucinezele ENTER. Ukuba ngenxa yesizathu esithile zingasetyenziswa ukuphunyezwa kwezi imiyalelo, iingenelo kulilize, njengoko Inguqulelo epheleleyo ye-Yeremiya kwicandelo wesiqalo, apho iveliswa iqela Bootrec.exe / RebuildBcd. Ukuba hard drive ayenziwanga yonakele emzimbeni, kufuneka asebenze, njengoko bathi, nekhulu ekhulwini.

Ungasebenzisa ezinye eziluncedo zomntu wesithathu. Inkqubo kakhulu efanelekileyo ukhangela isixhobo ekuthiwa MbrFix, nto leyo eyinxalenye Boot Kit Hiren kaThixo Boot CD. Emva call yakhe, umz, kuba Windows 7 zinikwe ukuze le nkqubo ifakwe, kunye disk enye kuphela (izahlulelo offline) kufuneka abeke oku kulandelayo:

• MbrFix.exe / drive 0 fixmbr / win7.

Oku kugcina umsebenzisi enze utshintsho ushicilelo lwesiqalo esisiso, kwaye dawunlowudi iza kubuyiselwa.

Iingxaki kunye ukufikelela iifayile NTLDR

Xa umyalezo ukuba icandelo kule nkqubo ayifumaneki, isicelo kuqala lock umthwalo njengoko kwimeko yangaphambili.

Noko ke, ukuba umphumo akunakufezekiswa, kufuneka ukukhuphela ifayile yoqobo ukuya ingcambu nkqubo ulwahlulo. Umzekelo, ukuba disc «C», ndiwagxothe - «E», umyalelo uya kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• E: \ i386> ikopi ntldr C: \ (emva ngokukhuphela nkqubo iza ukuziqala ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki).

A ifayile yonakele okanye ayikho HAL.dll

Xa ikhompyutha ivuliwe, kodwa kuphela eboniseweyo inkqubo yokusebenza ikwimo yesiqhelo, unobangela inokuba icandelo umonakalo HAL.dll (isaziso ehambelana bayiphakamise kwiskrini).

Kule meko, kufuneka ukuziqala kwindlela yakho Kwimo Yokhuseleko, abuyisele umyalelo console, kwaye ubhalise le layini ilandelayo kulo:

• C: \ windows \ system32 \ ukubuyisela \ rstrui.exe (koko cofa Ngena isitshixo kwaye wenza uqale).

kunokuba nesiphumo

Nazi emfutshane yonke into yokwenza nakwenzeka zokusombulula iingxaki ukuqala inkqubo yokusebenza. Ngokwendalo, oku asichukunyiswa kwi unobangela inokuba yintoni ngamandla eliphantsi, ukungaphumeleli iCMOs ibhetri, kweziporo ubulungeleyo evakalala, ubukho uthuli ngaphakathi kwinkqubo-unit okanye enye ukungasebenzi. Kodwa ngokwemiqathango software iindlela ngasentla ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo.