Kuma-Manych Ukudakumba: iifoto, apho, ingakumbi

Ukudakumba, leyo zifundwe kweli nqaku umdla kakhulu yaye ngokukhethekileyo ngenxa iimpawu zayo ethile yendalo. Ngokwale ndawo kakhulu inzima, kodwa umdla. Apha ngokufutshane achaze engaqhelekanga, indawo ezizodwa apho Kuma-Manych Depression. Ziintoni iimpawu zendalo kunye nezixhobo ngayo, ungabona ngezantsi.

Le isitya ngokoMthetho ngokwezelizwe - umda phakathi eCaucasus kunye ithafa Russian. Yintoni Akumangalisi ke ukuba le ndawo kumaxesha amandulo (kwi koqeqesho) wayekho Strait, ehlanganisa nezitya ye lweCaspian kunye Black Seas.

Kuma-Manych Ukudakumba: iifoto, inkcazo

Ngaba umkhombe-umngxuma sokubumbela drop ziitectonic plates, leyo ukuluma Ciscaucasia emathafeni kunye neendawo omhlaba inxenye esemazantsi East yaseYurophu mmandla kwaye idibanisa naoko ezimbini ebanzi - lweCaspian kunye Kuban-Priazovskaya.

ububanzi bayo 20-30 khilomitha, kodwa engundoqo inxalenye yayo kukho exineneyo kweekhilomitha 1-2.

Namhlanje, kukho inkqubo ethile ngokubanzi amadama kunye namachibi: kwelona chibi likhulu ityuwa. Manych-Gudilo kunye nabanye abantu ezincinci eziliqela; Veselovskoye dama, ukuba umsele p. Manych kwi esezantsi kuyo umlambo Don. Nje ngasempumalanga Grand Canal wadalwa igama Kuma-Manych. Kwaye phezu empumalanga kakhulu ukuxinezeleka - esezantsi kuyo Kuma lomlambo.

igama

Imvelaphi yegama lweArabha (i Kuma-Manych Ukudakumba) ilula. Lisuka amagama yemilambo emikhulu ayahamba na ummandla mmandla - Kuma kunye Manych.

ukukhululeka yommandla

Faka i uba umkhombe imvelaphi ziitectonic plates ilifa iimpazamo ongaphantsi zone. Imbali yophuhliso yayo inokulandwa kwiminyaka million 250.

Le zina- phantse tyaba.

Kuma-Manych ukudakumba na ukuphakama mkhulu kumbindi. Le ndawo asuka ukusuka kwidolophana Wayengoyiki ukuya elalini. Zunda Tolga. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, nangona eli nqanaba kubude kancinane kweemitha ngaphezulu kwama-20 ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

yokubona Natural

Kulo mmandla imozulu ziingcathu lizwekazi, kunye imvula yonyaka ngamnye ofikelelwayo nama-650 mm. Ebudeni bexesha efudumeleyo unyaka lobushushu eliphezulu kwaye isixa esikhulu ngumphunga. Lonyuka lobushushu ukusuka entshona ukuya empuma, kwaye umthamo ye kwezulu, icala, ukunciphisa kwicala elinye.

Imihlaba becala chernozem, nezompleyini. Inxalenye encinane intsimi ezinezityalo ihlathi-emathafeni, nentsalela, ngaphezulu - semi-iyintlango kunye emathafeni. kukudakumba kulinywa umhlaba kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ukusuka kuma-60 ukuya kwi-90% yomhlaba wonke.

Iingxaki nezisombululo

Kuma-Manych depression ingakumbi abo ngenxa enkulu kulinywa nemimandla yayo, kwamahlathi enkulu kunye nokutyisa olunzulu ziye zenzeka apha utshintsho nkulu ngokwemiqathango yokunciphisa isixa umxholo wamanzi, yaye imilambo ezincinane.

Kule minyaka ili-100 idluleyo, ubude zizonke ezi imilambo Sehle ngaphezu kwama-50%.

Ingakumbi - kwenzeka ntoni? Imke 35 imilambo, ukuba ubude km ukuya ku-3. Aqotywa ngenxa yokuchatshazelwa ngabantu kunye nemisebenzi yezoqoqosho yabantu. Uninzi lwemilambo aseleyo waqalisa ukuba isiqulatho yamanzi ephantsi kunanini na ngaphambili, kwaye abaninzi kubo flow kumphezulu isigxina ngoku kuphela entwasahlobo.

Ukuze kubonelelwe kwetyuwa niphuphume kungena Manych emlanjeni wadala ngabantu amajelo adluliselwe emanzini aphilileyo imilambo Kuban kunye Don. Uninzi yonke imijelo kwezi ndawo wadalwa ukunkcenkceshela imimandla emathafeni eziyimiqwebedu kungenzeka yeNavigeyishini phezu komlambo. West Manych.

Namhlanje, ingqalelo kakhulu ihlawulwe kwiingxaki kweemeko zomhlaba kwezi ndawo. Liqhuba uphando ngale ndlela.

Nantsi msebenzi mihla kwendalo Kuma-Manych Depression.

anika umdla

1. Le ekudakumbeni - uhlobo womda eyaziwa engenasizathu phakathi eYurophu Asia.

2. Xa imimandla ezichazwe yi nasemigongxweni lwamawa le kummango-Manych yimeko enkulu Rostovsky Nature Reserve (Biosphere).

Kukho iyakhula iintlobo 78 kwizityalo ezikhuselweyo: kuquka 12 kubo ezidweliswe kwi-Russian Red Book, iintlobo 77 - ezikhuselweyo kwinqanaba lengingqi. Ukusuka konke oku, inani iintlobo kwiNcwadi Red Data of Kalmykia iquka 64 kwincwadi yommandla Rostov - 23, aseStavropol Territory - 16, kwaye Dagestan - 1 iintlobo.

Esinomdla unique Kuma-Manych Depression. Ngenxa yokuba phambi kokuba uxhulumaniso lonke lexinene Manych phakathi kolwandle (i lweCaspian kunye Black) ibuyiselwe, ngoko kwakhona wayeka, ukukhululeka yanamhlanje amadama ekhoyo kwezi ndawo inzima kakhulu. Kukho imigxobhozo ezininzi, iziqithi kunye nemijelo, amachweba, nto leyo yenze inkqubo yamanzi yendalo enkulu, kodwa kakhulu kwaye yamandulo kwi kumzantsi inxalenye yaseYurophu yaseRashiya.

indawo umdla ukuhlola iimpawu zendalo ezi iindawo ezizodwa ukwenzela ukudala iimeko ukuze ukuphuculwa kwemeko eziphilayo.