Intsimi ekhethekileyo yamandla eMhlabeni.

Into efana ne-magnetism iyaziwa kuluntu ixesha elide. Igama layo libangelwa kwisixeko saseMagnetia, esise-Asia Minor. Kwakukho apho i-ore yensimbi enkulu yafunyanwa. Ukukhankanywa kokuqala kweempawu eziyingqayizivele ze-magnet kuyafumaneka kwimisebenzi kaTito Lucretia Kara, owabhala ngale nto kwingkondlo ethi "KwiNdalo Yezinto", malunga nekhulu lokuqala le-BC.

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo abantu baye bafumana ukusetyenziswa kwezakhiwo ezikhethiweyo ze-iron ore. Esinye sezixhobo eziqhelekileyo, isenzo saso esisekelwe ekukhangekeni kwezitye, saba yikhampasi. Ngoku kunzima ukucinga amashishini ahlukeneyo apho amashishini alula kunye nama-electromagnet awayi kusetyenziswa.

Intsimi ye- magnetic yindawo ejikeleze iplanethi eyayikhusela kwimiphumo emibi yemisebe yelanga. Xa kuvela le ntsimi, izazinzulu zithetha namhlanje. Kodwa ininzi yabo ikholelwa ukuba yayingenxa yemeko yoMhlaba. Iziko leplanethi yethu linamanzi angaphandle kunye nomeleleyo ngaphakathi. Ngexesha lokujikeleza, inxalenye ye-liquid ye-nucleus iyahamba, i-particle electrical charges ihamba kwaye kuthiwa yintsimi yamagnetic.

Intsimi ye-magnetic yomhlaba ibizwa ngokuba yi-magnetosphere. Umxholo we "magnetism" yipropati ebanzi kunye nehlabathi jikelele. Okwangoku, akunakwenzeka ukudala ingcamango epheleleyo yokukhanga kwelanga, kodwa ngoku inzululwazi izama ukuyijonga ezininzi kwiinkalo ezininzi kwaye iyakwazi ukunika inkcazo ekholisayo yemicimbi eyahlukeneyo yolu hlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi.

Kungekudala, izazinzulu kunye nabemi abaqhelekileyo bakhathazeke ngokukodwa malunga nokuba intsimi ye-magnetic yehlabathi iyanciphisa intembeko yayo. Kuye kwangqiniswa ngokwesayensi ukuba phakathi neminyaka eyi-170 yokugqibela i-magnetic field iye yahlutha. Kukwenza ucinge, kuba luhlobo lwekhuselo olukhusela uMhlaba kunye nokuphila okuvela kwimimandla eyoyikima yelanga. I-magnetosphere yomhlaba iphikisana nokuhamba kwazo zonke iindidi ezindizayo eziphambili. Yonke le mijelo igcinwa kwi-atmospheric sky kwiipalo, eyenza into ebalulekileyo - izibane ezikumantla.

Ukuba ngokukhawuleza umhlaba we-magnetic uyanyamalala okanye uyabuthathaka, ngokuqinisekileyo yonke into eplanethi iya kutshintshwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimizila ye-cosmic neyelanga. Ngaloo nto, oku kuya kubangela izifo zomsakazo kunye nomonakalo kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo. Umphumo wale ntlekele uza kuba utshintsho olubi okanye ukufa okupheleleyo. Ukukhululeka okukhulu, le ntuthuko ayinakwenzeka.

I-Paleomagnetologists inokunika iinkcukacha ezithembekileyo ezinokuthi i-magnetic field ihlala iguquguquka, kwaye ixesha lezo zinto zihamba ngokuhlukileyo. Baye baqulunqa i-curve ye-oscillations kwintsimi kwaye bafumanisa ukuba okwangoku intsimi isesimweni sokuwa kwaye iya kuncipha enye inkulungwane yeminyaka eyiwaka. Emva koko iya kuqina ngakumbi iminyaka engama-4. Ukugqibela kokugqibela kweso sikhokelo sogesi sasisekuqaleni kwexesha langoku. Izizathu zokungazinzi zihluke kakhulu, kodwa akukho mfundiso ethile kulo mbandela.

Kuye kwaziwa ixesha elide ukuba amaninzi amaninzi akhupha umphumo ongeyingozi kwizinto eziphilayo. Ngokomzekelo, izilingo kwizilwanyana ziye zabonisa ukuba intsimi yangaphandle imalitha ukuphuhlisa ukuphuhliswa, yanciphisa ukukhula kweeseli ize iguqule ukubunjwa kwegazi. Kungenxa yoko izivunguvungu zamagnetic zikhokelela ekudakaleni kwempilo yabantu abanamava.

Ngomntu, intsimi ye-magnetic ekhuselekileyo yomhlaba yintsimi enexabiso elinamandla elingaphezu kwama-700 oersteds. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba oku akukona kwintsimi ye-magnetic yoMhlaba, kodwa malunga nemimandla ye-electromagnetic eyenziwa ngethuba lokusebenza kwanoma yimuphi umsakazo kunye nesisombane sombane.

Icala lomzimba kwinkqubo yempembelelo kwintsimi yamandla yomhlaba kumanje ayisacacanga ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa kwakunokwenzeka ukufumanisa ukuba kuyachaphazela izityalo: ukuhluma kunye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kwembewu kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi-orientation yabo yokuqala malunga nensimu yamagnetic. Kwaye utshintsho lwayo luyakwazi ukukhawuleza okanye ukunciphisa ukuphuhliswa kwesityalo. Kungenzeka ukuba ngelinye ilanga le propati iya kusetyenziswa kwezolimo.

Ubungakanani bendawo ye - magnetic yintsiphelo yamandla ayo. Kwezinye iindawo uguqukayo, kodwa ngokwemyinge isibalo si-0.5 senziwe. Kwezinye iindawo (kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi -anomalies magnetic) ukunyuka kwenyuka kuya kwi-2E.