Indlela ukufunda solder: inyathelo imiyalelo step, iimpawu kunye neengcebiso yeengcali

Ngelotha igqalwa izixhobo kwemininzi eqhelekileyo ukuba inokufumaneka nawuphi na umnini ekhaya. Akunjalo ube yincutshe kwaye azibandakanye ngelotha umsebenzi. Kodwa ekubeni ulwazi efanayo engundoqo kufuneka ibe ummeli sex eyomeleleyo. Broken wire e zombane, abafowunelwa kwi neziseko, headphones, iibhodi ukulungisa - isenzeko rhoqo xa sijamelene koko, abantu bafuna ukuba bafunde ukufunda indlela solder njani.

Yintoni yentsimbi ngelotha?

Le ubushushu ekhethekileyo ibonakala isixhobo 15 ukuya amandla 40 W, kwanele ezintambo ngelotha, iibhodi beesekethe kunye neetshiphusi. Kukho ngelotha, nto leyo ngaphezulu ngamandla. Bona zenzelwe ngelotha amancinci - kuba perepaivaniya kakubi elidityaniswe iingcingo ubukhulu ziyatyeba okanye izihlanganisi XLR unsoldering. Umsebenzi element zokufudumeza solders yenza ngocingo nichrome leyo isilonda ityhubhu equlathe i "abuhlungu" - umphezulu ukusebenza kwefowuni. Imiphumela uswazi sobhedu, nto leyo afudunyezwe ucingo nichrome.

Izixhobo ngelotha wasebenzisa ubhedu kuba olu has a conductivity eliphezulu thermal. ubushushu igalelo kwicingo kwenzeka ngenxa yangoku yombane. isixhobo ngelotha iquka yokwambathisa, leyo uba linguMika. Ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, singabi abafowunelwa ngocingo kunye ityhubhu zentsimbi kunye izindlu besinyithi ngelotha.

Yintoni ngelotha ukhetha?

Funda ukuba solder ngendlela efanelekileyo - kulula, kodwa kuphela xa isixhobo ekhethiweyo kakuhle. Phakathi iintlobo ngeentlobo abathanda izixhobo DIY, ngubani wagqiba ukwenza ukulungisa izixhobo ofisi, kufuneka ukhethe i ngelotha intsimbi yiacoustic, esibonakala bubungakanani amancinane workability elungileyo. It has a amandla aphantsi ubushushu, kungakuhle ukuba umsebenzi ngelotha omhle uzidibanisa neetshiphusi. Inkosi makhwelo kubhetele ukuba ukhetha i isixhobo ngamandla kabani awudluli iiwathi ezingama-40. Kubalulekile ukuba ke intsimbi ngelotha kwakungekho watts ithambile 15 kuba amandla kwimveliso onjalo akayi kuba ngokwaneleyo nkqu izixhobo elula wire ofisi uqhagamshelo. Thenga akukhetha isixhobo trehnapravlyayuschim nozinzo iplagi. phambi kwayo kuya kuthintela ombane kunokwenzeka kwiintsali ngexesha lokuqhuba yangoku yombane ukuya ithumbu metal.

Ukuze enze umsebenzi kwi iingcingo umbusi gauge, isisu semoto kunye nomsebenzi nebala negilasi ngelotha mveliso efanelekileyo.

Yintoni sting engcono?

Iinxalenye zokusebenza ngelotha kukho iindidi ezimbini, kuxhomekeka ubukhulu:

• eqhelekileyo, netoti leyo 0.5 cm;
• umfanekiso omncinane kunye ububanzi of 0.2 cm, isicelo ngelotha of iingcingwana ezibhityileyo kakhulu kwaye iindawo zezobhedu.

Blue-ngelotha inxenye unokuba imilo inaliti, ikhowuni kunye incakuba. Le fom yokugqibela yeyona ixhaphakileyo, kuba oko kunika ithuba nelokukha anenani elifunekayo solder. Ukongeza, kuba lula ulwamvila ngelotha kunokuba ngqo okanye ukugoba.

Yintoni na umgaqo solder?

inkqubo ngelotha sikuko wokujoyina izinto yesinyithi ezimbini usebenzisa lesithathu (solder). Iqondo lobushushu ukunyibilika iinxalenye enxulumene kufuneka ibe ngaphezulu kwe ilungu wesithathu, nto leyo karhulumente etyhidiweyo ingena interstices enxulumene iindawo, ngokunjalo kubume, ngokubonelela uqhagamshelo ngoomatshini. Ngelo xesha, phakathi kweengxenye qha sombane uxhulumaniso wabona imbonakalo.

Yintoni ekufuneka?

inkqubo ngelotha ayikho into enkulu. Umbuzo ka njani ukuba bafunde solder ukusuka ekuqaleni lulula isonjululwe. Kwanele ukuba bafumane izinto eziyimfuneko kwaye ulandele imiyalelo ukuqala uqeqesho.

Apho ukuba bafunde solder?

Uyakwazi ukuqeqesha ekhaya, enza ngelotha of Iingcingo zombane eziqhelekileyo. Eyona nto iphambili kule - ukubambelela imiyalelo yokhuseleko.

Lo msebenzi kufuneka:

• ngelotha (ngamazwi iingcali ukusebenza iingcingo ezincinane elektroniki kunye nobunjineli zombane iza 20-40 watts isixhobo);
• ga;
• imela;
• waka;
• iseti iifayile yenaliti;
• lokukhuhla;
• iteyiphu yephepha;
• rosin;
• solder.

Umbuzo "ukuze ufunde indlela solder" uya kusonjululwa emva ukusebenzisa ezimbalwa. Kuya kubakho ukuzithemba labaqalayo kunye namava. Ukuze kumnceda kule linyathelo ngu imiyalelo benyathelo ngelotha.

ukuqala phi?

• Ukulungiselela ulwamvila. Ukuze wenze oku, esebenzisa iplayasi kunye iifayile inaliti, kufuneka acoce inxalenye ukusebenza besinyithi ngelotha. Imiphumela kufuneka abe engile degrees 30-45. Xa kunjalo, ukuba kwincam yonakele, kuyimfuneko ukuba alole kwakhona, ukunika ifomu kuyimfuneko. Emva koko, lo tinning kwincam - le ngelotha intsimbi eshushu kufuneka kuqala nkxu resin, uze - kule solder.
• Kuyimfuneko ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko ukulungiselela ingaphakathi ngentsimbi ngelotha. Oku kungenxa yokuba ifowuni itshiswa ukuya kwiqondo lobushushu ngaphezu kweqondo lama-300 kwaye isebenza phantsi ombane aphezulu zombane. Kubalulekile ngexesha lokusebenza ngelotha lo ukuphakamisa emsebenzini wabo. Desirably, uncedo elisetyenziswa iqhekeza ngamaplanga okanye PCB. izithebe ezizodwa kwakhona kwakufuneka solder kunye rosin.
• imiphezulu zokuhlanjululwa metal bajoyine solder. Oku kufuna sandpaper, inyityilikiswayo okanye ngelotha acid. Kubalulekile ukuba iindawo ukuba solder uyasetyenziswa, akabanga iintsalela ioli, igrisi kunye nezinye izinto leyo.

Ulandelelwano lomsebenzi

Indlela ukufunda solder ngokuchanekileyo, loo nto iya kucaca ukuba ulandele la manyathelo angezantsi. kufuneka:

• Cwangcisa i intsimbi ngelotha nimiswe ze ukhanyise kwigridi.
• Dunk kwi rosin. Oku kwenziwa kwemizuzu 5-7 emva kokuba uxhulumaniso ukuya iplagi. Injongo yale nkqubo kukuba ukukhangela lobushushu ngokushushubeza kwincam kwaye balahle isikali. Ngelotha kucingwa ilungele ukusetyenziswa, ukuba intlaka inyibilikiswa kwaye iqala ubilise. Ukuba kuthambisa kuphela ulwamvila ngokwaneleyo wotha. Kwimeko nobushushu le hisses zesinyithi rosin ngelotha kunye spray. Kuloo meko ifowuni kufuneka uphole kancinane.
• Inkqubo nnjalo komhlaba. iimveliso metal solder etyhidiweyo bagqubuthele unxulumano isithuba.
• Imiphezulu nnjalo icinezelwe kunye. Kwiindawo apho zidibene ukuba abeke yentsimbi ngelotha solder isabelo esitsha. iindawo Ixhume kufuneka icinezelwe logama nje solder buyehla kunye Ukuguqulwa kolwelo.

Ukusebenzisa solder

ngelotha ngempumelelo kunokwenzeka ukhetho ngobuchule solder efunekayo - nebhekile ingxubevange kunye nelothe. Kubhekwa solder ixhaphakileyo, POS-40 brand kunye POS 60. Bona lubonakala indawo yokunyibilika ephantsi (183 degrees) kwaye isetyenziswe omninzi umsebenzi ngelotha ngenxa odibanisa izinto zentsimbi. Le solder standard na ngohlobo wire 2.5 mm ububanzi, kananjalo kube lula kakhulu ukuba ukusebenza kunye neetshiphusi.

Kuba brazing kwamalungu aluminium enqwenelekayo ukufumana aluminiyam solder okhethekileyo. Ngexesha ukusebenza, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba, ukuba eshushu, imichiza tin-nelothe ayikhuphi iigesi eziyingozi ebantwini. Ngoko ke, kucetyiswa ukuba ukusebenza kunye nabo ukuba benze kwindawo kakuhle umoya kunye nokusetyenziswa respirators ezizodwa, iiglavu kunye iindondo zokhuseleko.

Indlela ukufunda solder iingcingo?

Ngoko ke, indlela ukudibanisa ngcingo? Ulandelelwano yokusebenza yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba zonke iintlobo ngelotha. wire ujoyine iphela ludyatsya. Kodwa sikagesi enokuthenjwa kucetyiswa evulwa bebonke ngqongqo kakhulu. Ngexesha inkqubo, ahlatywe ngentsimbi ngelotha isandla ithunyelwa kwindawo uqhagamshelwano, kwaye enye kwisiza inikezelwa ucingo solder.

Kwezinye iimeko, le linegunya ngcingo akunakwenzeka. Emva koko ukudibanisa iziphelo ngcingo mawubekwe ngaxeshanye omnye komnye, buthi ga kulo. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngesinye isandla, kwaye eyesibini - uyalela kwincam intsimbi ngelotha kunye solder ukuya entlanganweni. Ukubamba iziphelo ngcingo kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela emva kokususa ngelotha incam lommandla ngelotha.

Maxa wambi kukho imfuneko ukudibanisa omnye ekupheleni ucingo ukusuka phakathi komnye. Linegunya kule meko ke yenziwa ngokuthi uyigqume ekupheleni locingo ngeenxa omnye, apho lugxunyekwe khona.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuvuselelwa wire brazing lempundu akwenzeki ngenxa kukuthembeka yayo ixhomekeke inqaba uxhulumaniso ngoomatshini.

Umbuzo sendlela ukufunda solder ucingo, yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo phakathi kubasebenzisi Internet. Ekubeni Iyakwazi ubuchule usifake kunye ngelotha, bayakwazi kakuhle yawo, ngaphandle koncedo yeengcali ukwenza inani le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• Izixhobo zokufudumeza eriyeli;
• ukwandiswa intambo ye ikatala yombane;
• USB-USB uqhagamshelwano i-eriyali, kunye nabanye.

Yintoni siyehla?

Ngexesha Splice iingcali bacebisa ukusetyenziswa ezizodwa ubushushu Shwabanisa zokutyubhisha. ububanzi yazo kufuneka ibe izihlandlo ezibini obungaphezu kwicingo. Ityhubhu lufakwa kwesinye isiphelo kwicingo. Emva kokwenza ngokunxibelelana mechanical kunye nezinye ucingo kunye nobushushu ngelotha shrinkage ke uyarhuqeka kwindawo eziwafaka. Kufuneka ibekwe ukuze ekupheleni ngalinye umthungo 1 cm. Emva koko ngelotha iphindiwe. Finyeza kufuneka nombala kugubungela iintambo kunye nobushushu. Ngenxa amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kwi ityhubhu etywiniweyo, ngokubonelela ezisongwayo ethembekileyo kwingingqi edibeneyo kwakunye amandla nimanyane ngoomatshini.

Indlela ukufunda solder ibhodi?

Phambi kokuba uqalise ngelotha nzima, umzekelo, ukuba asebenze ngezithandelo diode, iingcali bacebisa wabaqalayo iinkosi ukuze bafumane iibhodi mali ezingabizi. Kokuba baqeqeshwe phezu kwabo, yaye kakuhle ubuchule Standard ngelotha, ixesha emva saqala ukufunda solder nj.

Olu hlobo solder sakhiwe ezilandelayo:

• Preparatory. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise umsebenzi kuyimfuneko kukubonelela uqhagamshelwano ngokuqinileyo, kunye ukuxhathisa asezantsi. Ukulungiselela le njongo, umphezulu kufuneka ngocoselelo icocwe of igrisi kunye nothuli. Bamafutha zingasetyenziswa ndiyibeke eqhiyeni kunye nesisombululo isepha. Acetone kusetyenziswa xa kuyimfuneko Polish umphezulu yaloo mmandla ukuya isilungiseleli seglosi eliphezulu. Njengoko ekhuselekileyo ngakumbi imethyl ukuphilisa sijike kuyacetyiswa. Kunjengokuba yimpumelelo acetone, kodwa akukho ivumba ezibukhali ezifana.
• iindawo Ukubeka soldered iibhodi. Phambi kokuba ufunde ukuba solder njani zeesekethe, kuyimfuneko ukwazi indawo kwanangamacandelo alo. Kuqala ukuba soldered amalungu flat. Le resistor kunye varistor. Emva kokuqalisa capacitor, transistor, sombane, microphone kunye potentiometer. Oku kuqinisekisa izinto ibhodi poocherednost zokuphepha avelana lobushushu.
• Amalahle umchiza ukuphucula conductivity wobushushu le sentsimbi. Kwincam ngelotha kufuneka ndayame imizuzwana embalwa ukuya amacandelo wesekethe. Kubalulekile ukuba ukuzikhusela nobushushu. Yena uya kuba lingqina wabonakala phezu komhlaba maqampu. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka asuse intsimbi ngelotha ukusuka kwindawo ngelotha.
• Ukusebenza solder. It wenziwa okoko nje nkqubo ayikho induli encinci ibonakala.
• Ukususa kwemfuneko. Yenziwa emva pholisa kunye Ukuqinisa le solder. Kucetyiswa ukuba nikhawuleze ukunika scheme ixesha elithile ukuze uphole. Oku kubalulekile kuba nithe nawaphula i unxulumano zenziwe, yaye umsebenzi kuya kufuneka ukuba benze kwakhona.

Funda ukuba solder ngendlela beesekethe ukuba wonke umntu. Oku kuya kunika ithuba lokuba ukulungisa iiplagi abakhe, imodem, njalo-njalo. D.

Ngelotha yenkqubo ayiphelelanga ekusebenzeni ababhexeshi copper microcircuits. Iyakwazi ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ngelotha ukuya kwiingcingo, zinokudluliselwa imisebenzi ezilandelayo, ezinobunzima usebenzisa solders ezahlukeneyo kunye nesinyithi ezahlukeneyo.