Indawo komntu kwindlela zehlabathi isilwanyana: Uphuhliso izimvo imvelaphi yabantu

Ukuze ubone ngendaleko uphuhliso, kwaye nalo ke indawo yomntu kwinkqubo ehlabathini isilwanyana akuthethi nkxu kungena elidlulileyo, ngenxa yokuba izinto zazivelela - nkqubo leyo ethatha indawo esoloko naphi kuthi. Umzekelo, iintsholongwane ezo zatshatyalaliswa lula nge penicillin ngaphambili yathenga, ukumelana elwa imilo entsha.

zivunywa

Nature umyalelo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: i ngcono isilwanyana eqhele nemiqathango kwindawo esihlala kuyo, kokukhona amathuba yayo iphile yaye banabantwana. abantwana bakhe ilifa ukungaqheleki owenza pet kayise yimpumelelo kakhulu kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Iintlobo ukuguquka ngokuhamba kwexesha, uvumelane ngcono kokusingqongileyo. Kukho iindidi ezintsha, kukho ngamawaka okanye izigidi zeminyaka, yaye emva koko shwaka. Evolution kuthatha ixesha kunye izihlandlo kukuvuyela utshintsho yenzekile.

Iimpawu ezinokusinceda ukuba asinde: umzekelo, - amazinyo lichanekileyo nobuchopho - kungenzeka izilwanyana kuzalwa ezinxaxhileyo nje random. Ukuba iimpawu ezintsha ukunceda ngokwenene ukuze usinde, kunye nezilwanyana angaphila ixesha elide, okanye ukusinda kwiimeko apho kufa ummeli oqhelekileyo lweentlobo, ngoko ezi mpawu zidluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Xa ezi zakhono zizilwanyana kuluncedo ngokwenene ukuba ngokuthe ngcembe ukuba bathabath 'ezo nto nabo.

imfundiso zikaDarwin

Ngokutsho ingcamango zikaDarwin, yonke imiphefumlo ephilileyo, ongavelisi ngethuba lobomi ikopi yayo twatse ngokwayo. Umntwana akayithandi yikati Umama ayikhangeleki umama-cat, nkqu ingqolowa yahlukile enye kwenye. Xa sijonga phantsi analysis ngemicroscope okanye kwemichiza, sinako ukubona otherness zabo. Ukwahluka nguye izinto ukulungiselela ukhetho yendalo. Ukuba ezi propati kufuneka ukuba ubomi sisidalwa esitsha, uya kuphila ukhokele nanyana nanzalo, ukuba akunjalo - ukhetho yabakungcangcazelisayo yendalo kuyisusa kwindawo eziphilayo, yaye uya kufa, amakhulu amawaka abantu maladjusted. Simi ngelithini woMntu kwindlela yehlabathi isilwanyana? Ukukhethwa kunazo zonke zendalo, ngokunjalo uzuko yayo othwesa ngezithsaba, Kakade ke, ukhonza abantu.

Isikhundla umntu kwinkqubo yehlabathi isilwanyana

Abantu ubalwe obeku-, apho kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100, kuquka iinkawu, iigorila bangafani. Ukuba awukhankanyi indawo indoda kwinkqubo yehlabathi isilwanyana - impondo, ezizezi bangafani nayo ngumntu osondeleyo amaqhina eentsapho, 98,4% ye zofuzo ukuba idibana. Oku kubonakaliswa ukuba 2.6 mln. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo yahlulwa-2 amasebe obeku-. 1 Australopithecus, i extinct kamva, yaye 2 indawo yomntu kwinkqubo yehlabathi izilwanyana - in Homo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ezibumnturha zokuqala khona emhlabeni 3-5 mln. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo.

A lot of uphando, umlinganiselo, zamaqula ezenziwa rhoqo kwabo, ubungqina lwenzululwazi ibonisa ukuba sikhundla umntu kwinkqubo ehlabathini isilwanyana babephakathi engqondweni hlobo. Zonke obeku- ezineefitsha eqhelekileyo.

1. Sonke izandla neenyawo kunye neenzwane ezintlanu nganye.
2. Yiba amazinyo ukuba zamkelelwa ukuhlafuna eninzi ukutya ezahlukeneyo.
3. Bonke zizale ikakhulu ithole enye, ubuncinane - kuba abantwana ezimbalwa.

Iimpawu ze imeko yabantu kwinkqubo yehlabathi isilwanyana

Kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwabo.

1. yobuntu kuphela ehamba nkqo imilenze amabini, ngokufanelekileyo, isakhiwo eyodwa yomqolo, isinqe, imilenze, iingalo, izihlunu, kunye namanye amaziko.
2. isandla abantu bakwazi ukwenza iintshukumo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ngqo. skull Human ephakamileyo ngeenxa zonke;
3. inxalenye Cerebral intamo ilawula ngaphambili, kukho ebunzi eliphezulu, imihlathi ezibuthathaka amazinyo ezincinane, isilevu esicaciswe ngokucacileyo.
4. Ubuchopho bomntu ithatha umthamo - 1800 cm3, nto leyo amaxesha 3 ingqondo hlobo. Umntu ephuhliswe kakuhle inxalenye yobuchopho, leyo kumaziko ngengqondo kunye nentetho ibalulekileyo.

Umntu wokuqala phakathi obeku-

Ngukhokho yokuqala yabantu - Australopithecus, yakwazi ukuhamba-hamba kwindawo tye. Ngenxa yoko, wayekwazi kugcina izixhobo zakhe esandleni kunye nezixhobo kwakudala.

Ngokutsho kwithiyori ezikrelekrele kwenzeka ngesiquphe yimbonakalo yomntu lwenzululwazi, kwaba kwesiphumo kwemvelo elide, owazeka amashumi ezigidi zeminyaka. Izazinzulu ziye banikwe igama "Homo sapiens" umntu oyaziyo indlela yokwenza izixhobo ezingundoqo, undingcwabe amanye amalungu. Izixhobo ezininzi abangekaphuhli zaye lathed amatye. 500 amawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, abantu kakade izibonda ngomthi, okuwenza imikhonto. Kunye neminyaka kuphela 250 engamawaka eyadlulayo kwakukho ngezembe ngamatye.

engamawaka kwiminyaka engama-50 eyadlulayo, siye safunda ukuba wenze izibane, ombiwe ilitye, apho endaweni amafutha lityebile zezilwanyana, emva kwenye iminyaka 20 amawaka kwakukho isaphetha yokuqala kunye notolo. Ukususela owaqalwa izinyanya zohlobo "Homo sapiens" nokuxhuma zophuhliso kwenzeka kwiminyaka million 14-20. Further yendaleko yakhokelela ukuba ukuvela Australopithecus, ngubani owaziyo ukuba usebenzise indlela izinto ezijikeleze njengezixhobo, bade azithobe ukuba unyango sabaqalayo.

uphuhliso lwabantu

Xa obeku- zahlulwe kwamasebe amabini: ohlobo yokuqala ikhosi yendaleko yaba habilis Homo, kwaye eyesibini - Australopithecus africanus, i extinct kamva. Evolution wenze ingxenye, xa kwakukho uhlobo 'womntu Ukugunda ". Anakho i iingcinga cebetshu intetho, abathwali eziphambili lolwazi, nto leyo ke idluliselwe kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Jonga "ukumisa umntu" wabonakala 100 lamawaka. Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. hayi kodwa wonke umbandela kunye namava ngokomoya - Nge imbonakalo yakhe isixa lolwazi negalelo ekudalweni iindidi ezintsha elifa liye landa kakhulu. Loo umthamo ingqondo yomntu wayelingana 1250 cm3, kodwa zange ayeke zazivelela yayo apho. inkqubela olukhawulezisiweyo utshintsho eziphilayo ambona kwesi sigaba sophuhliso.

Ukuqwalasela isikhundla indoda kwinkqubo yehlabathi isilwanyana zingaphawulwa ngokufutshane ezichazwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.

Abantu abaninzi bamandulo benza ekuhlanganisweni nokuzingela. Baphila ubomi ephila, udle izityalo kunye nenyama izilwanyana uza indlela yabo. Kuba lwezindlu, basebenzisa emqolombeni, kodwa iziphumo yamandulo zibonisa ukuba kweli xesha kwakhiwe izindlu yokuqala yamasebe. Ngaxa ezinye izizwe waqonda ukuba ikhaya esisigxina lineqela iingenelo. Kwindawo ekhuselekileyo ungakwazi ukufihla isitokhwe ukutya kwixesha yindlala, ukuze bazikhusele izinto eziyingozi. Kule mizi Kulula ngakumbi ukuze ndiphilisane ngoxolo nabanye, kwakunye lula ukuba atshitshise yotshaba. Xa Ukudaleka ingqondo yomntu bande umzimba ngokungenamlinganiselo. Kodwa mpumelelo ibalulekileyo: abantu baye baba undoqo yentshukumo zayo, iinkalo eziphambili apho umsebenzi, ingqondo kunye nentetho, kwaye oku umahluko ophambili phakathi abantu kwizilwanyana.

Le ndoda kunye nehlabathi yezilwanyana

Isikhundla umntu inkqubo yehlabathi isilwanyana inempembelelo enamandla ehlabathini. indoda Paleolithic iye ezingelwa, kutshabalalisa ngoku izidalwa extinct. Izilwanyana, iintaka kunye neentlanzi wanika abantu ukutya, Izintsu aba iingubo yokuqala, izihlangu kunye nezinto zendlu. Ukususela oko abantu badla inyama, bafunda ukuba ukwenza njani umlilo, kunye nezilwanyana mbuna. Kunye nokuphuculwa lokuzingela imipu kunye balawule izilwanyana okubangelwa abantu zasendle landa.

Evolution of iintlobo zebhayoloji ngexesha lethu akunamsebenzi umntu phezu koko, oko kunefuthe jikelele kokusingqongileyo. indawo komntu kwinkqubo kwizilwanyana mihla uthwala umngcipheko kwiyantlukwano yebhayoloji yolo hlobo lwentlanzi. Ziphuma nemisebenzi yabantu, kwaye ezinxulumene utshintsho kwiindawo zezilwanyana, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, namantshontsho iintlobo ezingaqhelekanga kunye ukwanda kwezifo. Kungakhathaliseki umbala, imilo kunye nobukhulu, bonke abantu bobabo zohlobo olufanayo - "Homo sapiens". ukuziphatha kwabantu ubonisa yendaleko icwangciselwe njani enze, umzekelo, khangela ngeembadada, ukuba bazalise isisu, okanye ukubaleka kude engozini.

ukuphazamiseka zangaphandle Evolution okanye?

Konke kubonakala ukuba elula necacileyo imfundiso yokuzivelela ngayo imvelaphi yabantu. Noko ke, izazinzulu khange kufikelelwe kwisivumelwano kunye ngoluvo elingenakuphikiswa ukuba umfutho inguqu ukusuka obeku- Homo sapiens.

Ngokutsho emibonweni ezahlukeneyo kungaba kuphazamiseko zangaphandle, ezifana ukunqumla abameli impucuko komhlaba kunye iminyanya nabantu okanye ukulawula ngendaleko sempi superintelligence komhlaba.

Ngenxa abantu intelligence wenza idabi elikhulu; akanako ukuthatha unonophelo ngokwabo, ukuba benze ukhetho okanye ukuthatha umngcipheko. Uyayazi indlela yokubhala, ukuqamba umculo, imibala yepeyinti. Ngokunjalo nolwakhiwo iinqwelo-moya, neenqanawa ukuba isifundo umhlaba, ngokunjalo iziphekepheke, isithuba ukufunda.