Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo eBukhara. ezikhumbuzo kwimbali eBukhara

Ngubani na ungathanda ukuhamba uthole iindawo ezintsha ezintle? Kakade ke, lo elwandle, ilanga kunye beach - oku ke ukuhlala engundoqo ukhathele usenza intw yobomi bemihla ngemihla babantu, kodwa uyavuma - ukuvavanya ihlabathi kunye neenqobo nembali kumazwe ezahlukileyo kungekho ngaphantsi umdla yaye inika umdla. Umfundi belinde excursus yethu eBukhara (Uzbekistan). Umenyelwe ukuba ufunde ngazo zonke izinto ezinomtsalane kule ndawo intle iplanethi yethu.

Legend of Uzbekistan

EBukhara - isixeko ngokoqobo ligutyungelwe imfihlakalo nokuba ilivo. Ababhali-mbali abathi ibisekwe yi-Siyavush omkhulu, othe ngokobuninzi legend, wayengunyana ka wokumkani Iranian Keikavus kunye turanki entle ubaleka uyise etshabhisayo. Yaba Siyavush - njengegorha elikhaliphileyo ngamakroti - wakha kwinqaba iShushan yokuqala eBukhara kweTyeya, esangweni empuma apho wangcwatywa emva kokufa kwakhe ezandleni Afrasiab, ukumkani Turan. Zonke hlungu ababuleweyo abahlali Warmaster of eBukhara batshize kumjikelo ingoma ebizwa ngokuba "mugov Ukulila" kwaye abawathandayo Siyavush kule mini koSuku loNyaka Omtsha ihlabe umqhagi kwi iindonga Abasindileyo enqabeni eBukhara xa kukhunjulwa ngunozala mzi. Hi ndlela leyi, ngenxa imizi Uzbekistan, ezizezi nge eBukhara, kunye edume Great Silk Road - indlela yokudibanisa eMpuma West.

Ukholo Modernity

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eBukhara - umzi ngumbindi nje isiko mihla Uzbekistan, kodwa kwakhona kwiziko lengingqi weli lizwe. Uzbeks ebizwa umqulu emzini Islam. Ukuba uyakholwa omnye ntsomi ezininzi, bonke omiweyo AmaSilamsi umzi, lo engcwele ziqina unjengokukhanya komso evela ezulwini, yaye nje phezu eBukhara, yena Lisuka phezulu ezulwini.

Eneneni, hayi yonke imizi Uzbekistan liyi zamaSilamsi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye namangcwaba amaSilamsi enkulu yamisa njengengcwele. Noko ke, eBukhara ezinika - ayikho kuphela indawo uthandaza ku Allah. Esi sixeko iindawo ezininzi nemibuzo nembali kunye namabali. Kulapha, e eBukhara, ukudala izibongo kunye nemisebenzi zenzululwazi yamadoda amakhulu ezifana uAvicenna kunye Omar Khayyam.

dude Designated

Kanye kuloo mzi, nina nangoko uyabona ukuba eBukhara endala kunye namabali ayo ibhijelene entsha, eBukhara mihla. ezitratweni zayo lubizwa-jiko neendonga zezakhiwo imibala ngoxolo ahlalisane nama iindonga izakhiwo kunye nembali elide. Le - isixeko mizekelo, kuxhotyiswa ngomoya wobulumko wamandulo kunye yaseMpuma.

Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo eBukhara uhlole imini enye nje akunakwenzeka - njengoko ezininzi. Indiva ukutyelela omnye wabo - ukuba kwakunjani ukuba eParis bengaboni i-Eiffel Tower. Ukuze hlala -ngomtsalane kulo mzi zonke iseli emzimbeni, kuyenzeka ukuba ukufunda waya eBukhara ezinikezelwa ezithutha abakhenkethi abaninzi. Kwaye, ukuba ukuhlola konke iikona le lenani Uzbekistan akukho ndlela, qiniseka ukuba atyelele Umakhi Samandinov, akamsalisela iTyeya, Miri Arab Madrassah, Kalyan Mosque, chor-Minor kunye uphahla Trade. Zizo ezo izinto ezininzi umdla eBukhara, nto leyo iba wenze zikhumbuleka kwiindwendwe.

Okwakufudula kusenzeka ubukhosi

Enye izakhiwo zembali amaSilamsi kakhulu ukuba zakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-10, lelona Umakhi Samandinov. Ekubeni lwakhiwe ngezitena kunye ipateni phina, kunokutshiwo kuqwalaselwa ilitye lesikhumbuzo yemveliso ngezitena baloo maxesha. Le yamangcwaba yatshatyalaliswa ngexesha Mongol ukuhlaselwa kwi eBukhara kwaye ngokugqibeleleyo alondolozwe amaxesha zethu, kuba wawuzaliswe ngesanti namaqhekeza lwezakhiwo kutshatyalaliswa. Ukongeza, ilejendi bamandulo ukuba ubuhle elihle le yamangcwaba wenza ukuba abahlaseli ndizilibale ezinjalo ukuba banqula ubuhle kwesakhiwo, akazange ayitshise, eshiya kungachukunyiswa. Ukuvulwa kwesakhiwo bobabo ukuya zakudala kwiSoviet Basil Afanasievich Shishkin, wafumanisa ngo-1934 ngethuba yokwemba.

Yamangcwaba Samandinov - nalo ihlathi yokugqibela, eziye ndizuze obungunaphakade amalungu abanye Samandinov ubukhosi - Ismail Samani (umphathi eBukhara kunye wokugqibela ubukhosi Persian) kunye nonyana wakhe Ibn Ismail Ahmad.

Yamangcwaba Samandinov - ayikho nje oqingqiweyo isakhiwo inkcubeko yakudala, oko lonke ibali ukuvuka isixeko emva kokuba iimfazwe ezingapheliyo kunye Arabhu.

indlu ulwazi

Ubheka lwalunjani eBukhara, akunakwenzeka ukuba batyelele Miri Arab. Ayikho indawo nje eyoyikekayo, kodwa enye amaziko yokuqala zemfundo, nto leyo ke Ixesha eSoviet Union kuphela elolu hlobo kubantu abathi Islam.

Kuthiwa ukuba ngunozala yeziko, Miri Arab Sheikh, uyohlwaywa umlawuli eBukhara athengise amabanjwa 3,000 Iran ukusebenzisa imali yokwakha madrassas. De kwinkulungwane yama-20 ukuba iziko lemfundo odume kunayo.

Ngowe-1941, phambi kokuba kweMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic, kwiBolsheviks ifilimu kwisakhiwo ofisi isosha emkhosini ebudeni bemfazwe phantsi uphahla Madrasah neembacu basinda.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu, nangona inani elikhulu zeeyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo, Miri Arab nangoku ingqalelo omnye kakhulu, kwaye ukhuphiswano kwabangenayo ayiphucukanga - malunga ne-14 abantu isihlalo ngasinye.

Le isakhiwo zazihonjiswe ngemibala, ukuba ngomlingo similise ngezihombo kunye neentyatyambo. Le ndawo intle Miri Arab - engcwabeni, belele apho Sheikh Abdullah Yamani, mudarris Muhammad Kasim kunye Ubaidullah Khan.

Indawo yokunqula

Kalyan Mosque - na isakhiwo ukubaleka uthandaza kwi kummandla Central Asia, elakhiwa ngenkulungwane ye-15. Ummandla wesakhiwo nga ukubonelela ngexesha leeholide zonqulo efikelela kuma-12 000 abantu.

Gallery Kalon Mosque, ekhwele phezu ziintsika 208, 288 luqulathe uphahla kunye uphahla blue zezona uhlobo ubiza ikhadi ye eBukhara.

Kwi emimoyeni yomine

Chor Minor imele indibanisela ogqibeleleyo ubuhle nobukhulu. Igama chor-Minor lithetha "zamaRoma ezine", ezenza uhlobo yohlobo madrassas kwaye neempawu yaseMzantsi, North, West kunye East. Ababhali-mbali bathi kanye iikhaphethi zabarhwebi isilika esisityebi kunye namahashe nabaKhulisi Niyazkul Bey waya India atyelele Taj Mahal. Ngangendlela bachukunyiswa kwesi sakhiwo, abuyela ekhaya sagqiba ukwakha akukho sakhiwo ngaphantsi nobungangamsha. Kwangaxeshanye, wabeka phambili wezakhiwo iimeko ezininzi enyanzelekileyo.

Lokuqala - isakhiwo iza kwakhiwa kwi Silk Road, ukuba abarhwebi nabakhenkethi ayikwazanga kudlula.

Okwesibini - khangela madrassas kufuneka abonakalisa iincam ezine kwaye ubonise wonke ukuze zonke izizwe zehlabathi ziyafana njengoko zinjalo.

Indawo ngenxa yokufuna

Ekubeni eBukhara waba phezu Silk Road, kuba eminyaka liqonga enkulu urhwebo. It ukufika apha nempahla ngabarhwebi yamazwe ezisemaphandleni.

Ukwenza amalungiselelo indawo ukuqhuba imicimbi zorhwebo, uphahla yorhwebo bamiswa encomekayo. Lenza amalungiselelo ngaphantsi Bazaar, apho kuzaliseka sathenga iintlobo impahla - ukusuka ukutya yokufuna ulwazi banal aphesheya.

A eminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo, uThixo amajukujuku lawo eyenzelwe uhlobo ngalunye impahla. Namhlanje, oku kuye zaphelelwa, ezintathu kuphela kubo zisetyenziselwa ukurhweba.