Iincwadi 13 ukuba kufuneka ufunde ukuba umbhali yonke intsha

Ngowe-1934 umfana ogama Arnold uSamuelson nje ugqibile esikolweni lobuntatheli. Wayifunda ibali elifutshane Ernest Hemingway, owathi kamva yaba yinxalenye kwinoveli yesine umbhali "Yiba kwaye Hayi." Samuelson wayethanda ngoko eli bali, wemka Minnesota lakhe lokuzalwa eFlorida ukudibana ne Hemingway ucele kuye ingcebiso ngendlela abe ngumbhali. Ngowe-1935 wabhala inqaku enikelwe incoko yakhe inkosi, ukuze umfundi ngamnye uyazi ngamava kuyanelisa. Ukuba ufuna ukwenza umsebenzi ufanelwe ingqalelo, kufuneka bafunde ukusuka ababhali omkhulu ngaphambili. Uninzi yomsebenzi wabo, ngokutsho Hemingway - kolu luhlu.

"Mam Bovary" Gyustav Flober

Le noveli obumangalisayo unikezelwa imbali yobomi omnye wabalinganiswa kakhulu umdla kwiincwadi ehlabathini - Emma Bovary. Yena bengonwabanga emtshatweni kunye, ugqirha wephondo egqibeleleyo angenzi. Emma uzama ukuthintela ukuba nesithukuthezi yobomi bakhe, abazifica emaphupheni luthando. Nakuba kunjalo, iminqweno yayo ezizezenyama kukhokelela kuphela ukungonwabi kunye nokusilela. Qiniseka ukuba uwazi le imbali eningenakukholwa yiyo, ukuba ngaba uceba umbhali. Le yincwadi ukuba wonke umntu kufuneka ufunde.

"Anna Karenina" yi Leo Tolstoy

Le ncwadi ithathwa enye mkhulu wakha abhalwe kwimbali. Kuyinto inoveli Tolstoy kaThixo, yona libali ezaziwa uthando nokukrexeza kwisiqalo yobomi yoluntu ephakamileyo eMoscow St Petersburg. Rich, ibali elinzima kwinoveli ubalisa ibali uthando ezibuhlungu phakathi Anna, umfazi otshatileyo ezintle, kunye Vronsky, igosa lomkhosi esisityebi. lula Tolstoy intertwines elinesibini abalinganiswa yobomi, ekudaleni ngelaphu omangalisayo ubomi zenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba emva kwexesha.

"Dubliners", Dzheyms Dzhoys

James Joyce inoveli "Dubliners" - umfanekiso ocacileyo yiDublin ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. Kuyinto amabali elinesihlanu ezenza kube lula ukuqonda ngcono umzi apho wazalelwa Joyce. Roman uthumela Dubliners ubuqili zentetho kunye okuchithwa ngqwabalala isixelela ubomi babo ngaphakathi langaphandle. Ukuba nithanda uncwadi IsiNgesi kunye postmodernism, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo ukumazi lo umsebenzi wokubhala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, wonk 'izama ukufunda "Ulysses" Joyce, kodwa "Dubliners" ayikho mbi, nangona ngaphantsi eyaziwa.

"Of Human yangamakhoboka kulo, Somerset Maugham

Okokuqala yapapashwa ngo-1915, lo inoveli yokuchaza ocacileyo imikhosi yomtsalane ngokwesondo kunye nophando inkululeko yabantu mihla. Esi Bildungsroman classic, elingcwele imbali Filipa Keri, inkwenkwe ezibuthathaka kunye nokhubazeko na ziinkedama, wayinyusa ngumalume wakhe anti. Philip amaphupha of adventures, kwi elinesibhozo, wemka ekhaya waza waya eParis ukuba abe opeyintayo. Emva koko ke wabuyela eLondon ukuya kufundela amayeza, apho adibana khona uMildred nomtsalane - njalo iqala ibali uthando foredoomed eziza kutshintsha yonke ubomi hero.

"Red and Black", Stendhal

Cute ukuvelela Zhyulen Sorel ufuna ukuba angalandeli Sasungulwa imvelaphi bakhe abathobekileyo ukuyifeza iincopho ebomini usebenzisa nabohanahaniso, ngokunxulumene nemithetho apho uluntu ubomi. nangoko Julien waphula umthetho - ngaphandle inkanuko, umgaqo, okanye nobugeza - yaye ngenxa yoku, kwaye kuyenzeka ukuba bawe. I inoveli "I-Red kunye Black" - a satirical umfanekiso eliphilileyo yoluntu French emva Waterloo, kuthwaxwa urhwaphilizo, ukubawa nesithukuthezi.

"War Noxolo," Leo Tolstoy

Incwadi zikaTolstoy unikezelwa ubomi iintsapho ezintlanu lwa ubomi ngexesha Napoleonic Wars. Phakathi abalinganiswa ezininzi ezingalibalekiyo eyabelwe Prince Andrey Bolkonsky, abanekratshi, iqhawe, owathi, nangona uhanahaniso amaGrike akumgangatho ophezulu, iya kuthunyelwa ngaphambili ukuphumeza udumo. Yena kokuba wenzakele kweli dabi Austerlitz, kunye result ukuba liyakuqonda lilize iminqweno ngazo ukulwa. Imeko yokufa kwakhe kucingelwa ukuba yenye yezona intle ncwadi Russian.

"Buddenbrooks" Tomas Mann

Le noveli lwapapashwa okokuqala eJamani ngowe-1900, xa Mann wayeneminyaka emashumi mabini anantlanu kuphela. Uye waba ezaziwa uncwadi. Eli libali malunga ubomi kwizizukulwana ezine kwintsapho yongxowankulu esisityebi kumantla eJamani. Ngobulumko bentliziyo amazing Mann sidala umfanekiso ubomi ophakathi-class (ukuzalwa, ubhaptizo, umtshato, uqhawulo-mtshato nokufa, impumelelo kunye drop). Zonke ezi ziganeko eziqhelekileyo, aku- efanayo, modified njengoko sidlule.

«Isichotho okuzibeka», Dzhordzh waphi

Le inoveli, leyo iguqulelwe Russian, kugqalwa wobugcisa ka Moore. Ke nempembelelo kakhulu iimbono neenkokeli Irish Uqobo Imvuselelo. Xa umsebenzi wakhe lexi hlamarisaka Moore othetha yeqonga kunye nabasebenzi bayo, izabelo imigqaliselo nzulu ubugcisa noncwadi, kwakunye nobomi yezentlalo zonqulo ngexesha lakhe.

"Abazalwana Karamazov," Fyodor Dostoevsky

Xa umnikazi ngenkohlakalo Fyodor Karamazov abulawe, ubomi oonyana bakhe ngendlela eyothusayo lilimbi Mitya uphantsi urhano ngenxa ukusukuzana rhoqo kunye noyise, i-Ivan ngokwasengqondweni nazo ukubandezeleka engqondweni ezibangela ukuba kuwohloka baze Alyosha ngokomoya azame ukulungisa le ngxaki yentsapho. Ngaphezu koko, lo inoveli Smerdiakov langoku nani, stepbrother.

«I Kakhulu Room», Edward Cummings

Lo mbhali ayaziwa kakuhle kakhulu kubafundi Russian ngenxa yokunqongophala iinguqulelo. Le ncwadi - an ngokuphila inoveli 1922 ncwadi enikelwe entolongweni yombhali eFransi ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Cummings waba umqhubi zezigulane ngexesha lemfazwe. Ekupheleni kuka-Agasti 1917, yena kunye nomhlobo wakhe babanjwa ngabasemagunyeni French ngenxa yokusa- amaphetshana anti-imfazwe. Cummings nalo ithuba lokuphuma, kodwa ixhaswe omnye, yaye ngenxa yoko, nathi, lwagqitywa. ngamava akhe ebomini bakhe entolongweni, echazwe kule ncwadi.

"Wuthering Heights," Emily Bronte

Lockwood, umhlali entsha Grange Skvortsov, livela imigxobhozo ngendlela udakumbile New York. Okwenzeka ukuba ekwilifa Wuthering Heights, apho wafunda malunga kuthotho lweziganeko ngokweemvakalelo ezenzeka kwiminyaka embalwa ngaphambili. inoveli IsiNgesi Classic iye yathatha amaxesha amaninzi. Ukuba ufuna ukuba ufifi enye yeencwadi ibalulekileyo nenkcubeko UK, kufuneka ngokuqinisekileyo ufunde le inoveli ithabathekisayo yi Emily Brontë.

"Emva kwexesha elide eyadlulayo," Uilyam Hadson

UWilliam Genri Hadson waba ngumbhali, semvelo kunye osisazinzulu. Wazalwa Argentina wachitha ngokobuncinane bakhe ukufunda enezityalo nezilwanyana zengingqi, ngokubukela indalo kunye njengabantu iimvakalelo, lwesifo kwilizwe elikude eMzantsi Merika. Lo ngumzekelo umdla engaqhelekanga uncwadi, ekufuneka ukuhlangabezana wonke.

"American", Genri Dzheyms

Le inoveli Genri Dzheymsa yi badibanise angaqhelekanga comedy ekuhlaleni melodrama, abazinikeleyo adventure wayesiwa, uChristopher Newman, usomashishini entle natured kodwa kakhulu osisiyatha American, obeye olukhenketho yokuqala eYurophu. Newman ufuna ukufumana kwihlabathi elitsha, nto leyo akafani ubunyani elula ngokungenalusini yoshishino e-Melika. Ihlangabezana amahle icala elibi of Europe niqonde ukuba akukho nto ubonakala ngokucacileyo. Umgqaliso wathandana Newman kunye umhlolokazi oselula ukusuka kwintsapho yeengcungcu e Paris.