Iimali zeSwitzerland: inkcazo nembali emfutshane

I-Swiss Confederation yilizwe elinomdla kakhulu kunye neembali zenkcubeko kunye neenkcubeko. Ukongezelela, ngenye yezinto ezimbalwa eYurophu egcine imali yayo yesizwe, kwaye ayizange ishintshe kwi-euro. Mhlawumbi yingako abaninzi abaqokeleli kunye ne-numismatists baqokelela imali evela eSwitzerland.

Imbali emfutshane

Imali yaseburhulumenteni yaseSwitzerland yi-franc franc, eyaqalwa ngo-1798. Kungekudala yavalwa kwaye yakhululwa kuphela ngowe-1850. Ngelo xesha, ii-Swiss zemali zavela, nangona udaba lweemali zensimbi kwilizwe ngaphambili.

I-franc yaseSwitzerland iyahlula ibe ngamashumi ayikhulu. Okwangoku, i-Swiss Central Bank ikhuphe iibhatali zexabiso ezixabisa ezintlanu, ezilishumi elinamashumi amabini eziphindayo. Kwakhona zineentsimbi zesigxina se-franc yaseSwitzerland, i-franc enye, amabini anesihlanu. Ingqekembe ephindwe kabini i-rappene yamiswa ngo-1974, kwaye ngowama-2006 ukuveliswa kweemali zexabiso kunye nexabiso lekota eliye lavalwa.

Inkcazelo

Inkcitho 5 I-Rappen yenziwe nge-alloyum, ithusi kunye ne-nickel. Konke okunye, kungabandakanywa ukukhunjulwa kunye neentlokoma, kuveliswa kwi-alloy yobhedu kunye ne-nickel kwisiqingatha se-750 ukuya kuma-250. Ngaphandle kwemali yesininzi yeenkonzo zintlanu, i-rappens yeshumi elinamibini ibonakaliswa ngobunzima buso obuqulathwe yintsimbi, kunye nokugqithisileyo-umfanekiso ongeyinto yomntu oyintloko nentloko yeSwitzerland Confederation. IsiLatini.

Iingqekembe ze-0.5 francs, enye kunye nama-francs amabini ngasemva ziinkonzo ezisezantsi apho i-curtain, ephazamisayo ihlotshiswe ngomfanekiso wesifazane omileyo ene-flag-shield in hands and a spear. Le ngongoma kuHelvetia, ephawulekayo ngumntu waseSwitzerland. Kukho iinkwenkwezi ezingama-22 eziseHelvetia.

Imali yesi-5 i-francs (iSwitzerland) ibonisa ngokugqithisileyo umfanekiso weqhawe likazwelonke lokubhala ngelizwe likaWilliam Tell. Kwakhona kwicala eliphambili lubhaliso - iSwitzerland Confederation kwisiLatini. I-reverse ibonisa umfanekiso wesibonakaliso selizwe esakhiwe yimigca yeentyantyambo ze-edelweiss kunye ne-gentian.

Iindleko zeemali zeSwitzerland

Abaqokeleli abaqhelekanga ngokuqokelela imali yaseSwiss, kodwa kunomdla kubo. Ungathenga iimali zeSwitzerland ngaphandle kokubunzima, kwiseRashiya. Kakade ke, akusiyo yonke ivenkile yobudala okanye indawo ekhethekileyo yiSwitzerland. Kodwa kukho izitolo ezininzi ze-intanethi apho ungakwazi ukuthenga ngokulula iimali ezivela eSwitzerland. Ixabiso labo, njengomthetho, aliphezulu kakhulu. Iingxowa zemali ezixhasayo 5 I-Rappen iya kuhlawula kuphela i-ruble 20-30 kuphela. Iindleko ziyahlukahluka ngokuxhomekeke kunyaka we-coinage kunye neqondo lokhuseleko.

Kwakhona, ukubunjwa kwexabiso kuchatshazelwe ngokubaluleka kobuso kunye nokusabalalisa. Ngoko ke, iingqekembe zemali ezikhumbuzo zaseSwitzerland, ezikhutshwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ziya kuba neendleko eziphezulu kakhulu kunexesha eliqhelekileyo, zityhilwa rhoqo kwaye zikhulu. Ngokomzekelo, iimali zemali ezikhumbuzo ezikhutshwe kwi-centenary yeLe Corbusier ngo-1987, eRussia unokuthenga malunga nama-ruble angama-500-600. Ixabiso elilinganayo liya kuhlawula ezinye iimali zemali ezikhunjulwe ezibhalwe kuma-80s.

Umdala uhlamvu lwemali, ixabiso eliphezulu. Oku kungenxa yokubaluleka kwamanani, kunye nenyaniso yokuba iimali ezininzi zijikeleza, kunzima ukuzifumana. Ubungakanani bongeza intengo kwixabiso. Iindleko zenziwa ngabanye. Oku kwenziwa ngutitshala oqeqeshiweyo owenza ixabiso, ekhokelwa ngamanani amaninzi. Umqokeleli onolwazi unokuzimela ngokuzimeleyo ixabiso lentengo yaseSwitzerland, kodwa kwimeko apho ukuhlolwa okungalunganga kuphezulu.

Zemali ze Yubile

Iingxowa-mali zokuzikhumbuzo eSwitzerland nakuba zikhutshwa, kodwa zikhona ngokungapheliyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo isinqulo sabo sishumi, amashumi mabini anamahlanu amaSwitzerland. Ngowe-2005, ikhankanywe i-bimetallic ye-franc yeemali ezilishumi, apho intaba yaseJungfrau iboniswe khona. Ngonyaka ka-2009, kwaphuma olunye uluhlu lwe-francs ezili-10, olubonisa iSpiss National Park.

Ngo-2007, iqela leemali zemali ezikhumbuzo kunye nomfanekiso wenkqantosi yaseMouton zenziwe. Inani lazo lalingamaxabiso angama-francs angama-20. Ngo-2004, kukhutshwa imali yesi-francs ezingama-50, apho iMatterhorn iboniswe khona.

Isiphelo

Iingqekembe zeSwitzerland, nangona zingabonakali kakhulu phakathi kwabaqokeleli bemali, zisenomdla kakhulu. Kwamanye amazwe, bahlala beqokelelwa kunaseRashiya. Ngoko ke kulula ukubafumana apho. Kwiivenkile ezikhethekileyo zaseRashiya, ukhetho lwemali yaseSwitzerland lincinci, kodwa kwiivenkile ze-intanethi kukho ubuninzi bokukhetha. Iindleko zabo azinzima kakhulu, kwaye akunzima ukuzenza.

Ukuqokelela ngokubanzi, iimali zeSwitzerland ziza kubakho ukudibanisa kunye nokuhlobisa, ngoko kuyacaca ukuba ubhale ingqalelo kubo. Yaye inyaniso yokuba e-Russia ayifuni kwimfuno ephezulu iya kubenza ibe yinto ekhethekileyo yokuqokelela yakho ekhethekileyo. Ukuba ufuna ukuthenga imali ethile, engekho kwiivenkile zaseRashiya ezisekhompyutheni, unokuzikhangela kwiindawo zangaphandle. Ngokuqhelekileyo iikopi ezingabonakali zithengiswa kwiintengiso ze-intanethi.