Iihomoni Contrainsular: indlela yokusebenza, iintlobo

Fundisisa lo ummiselo hormone lomzimba ukwenza kwinzululwazi - hormone. Ukongeza, le indlela ntshukumo iikhompawundi zebhayoloji kuxhomekeke kwicandelo amayeza afana ngamachiza ezinto eziphilayo. Zombini ezi Sciences zibaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba hormone kufuneka iimpembelelo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, kukho imfuneko ukuze eqhelekileyo yokusebenza. Kuyinto ezi izinto banoxanduva zonke iintlobo yokucolwa emzimbeni (carbohydrate, iiproteins, amafutha). Ngenxa kule kukho ukwabiwa izondlo eneji efunekayo ukuze siphile. Enye hormone ibalulekileyo insulin. Njengoko usazi, xa ukusilela Kukuyihlambela carbohydrate ukutya kunye nophuhliso seswekile. Ukongeza, kubalulekile, kuba iihomoni contrainsular. Kananjalo kufuneka ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba exchange kwezinto. Ukongezelela, nganye kwezi khompawundi eziphilayo yenza umsebenzi wayo.

iihomoni Contrainsular - ntoni na?

Njengoko yaziwa, i-insulin hormone kwakufuneka ukulawula amanqanaba iswekile yegazi. Ukuba ngesi izixa ezincinane, okanye ziqondeka receptors, ngoko umntu kukhulisa seswekile. Kufuneka uyazi ukuba kuyingozi nje ethile kuphela, kodwa agqithisile weli eziphilayo. Ukuze ukunqanda it emzimbeni, kukho contrainsular iihomoni, yaye akukho namnye, kodwa eziliqela. zonke zibe neziphumo ezahlukileyo ukutya ekudleni. Noko ke, ngamnye kubo kukhokelela ekuncipheni insulin yoxinaniso egazini. Nganye kwezi hormone evela emzimbeni 'zabo ". Kuba iindawo arhente zebhayoloji iimveliso data ziquka injeke kunye lengqula nobubovu, adrenal, ingqondo kunye namasende.

nomgomo

Kontrinsulyarnyh enama - into leyo kuyimfuneko ukubonelela nethe ekudleni emzimbeni. wesenzo ijolise nokugcina imigangatho glucose eqhelekileyo. Ukongeza, hormone nganye kontrinsulyarnyh unoxanduva umsebenzi walo, hayi ezinxulumene ne ukutya. inqanaba iswekile yegazi Eqhelekileyo isusela ukusuka 3.3 ukuya 5.5 mmol. Ukuba insulin linoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba xiyimiso iswekile zange ukwandisa, abachasi zayo kuyimfuneko ukuze kugcinwe umda esezantsi zesi salathisi. Ekubeni ukuhla kumanqanaba iswekile egazini kwenzeka yingozi kwimeko yomzimba - hypoglycemia. Lubonakala yi kuphelelwa ngamandla, kunciphise uxinzelelo lwegazi, tachycardia kunye lafa. Ukuba umntu akanayo ixesha ukunceda, hypoglycemia kunokukhokelela isiqaqa. Ukuze uphephe oku, kufuneka iihomoni, isenzo okulungisa kwencindi. Ezi zizinto emzimbeni noko.

uhlobo

iihomoni Contrainsular izinto eziphilayo ekhutshwa ezahlukeneyo namadlala yonyango. Ukongeza imisebenzi yalo nganye ezi zihlanganisi uyakwazi ukulawula ukutya ekudleni. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba kugcinwe imigangatho iswekile yegazi eziqhelekileyo, kuyimfuneko ukusebenza kwazo zonke ezi zinto. Umchiza yendalo i ochasene kwencindi, yahlulwe maqela alandelayo:

1. hormone. Ezi ziquka thyroxine.
2. Substances wakhululwa maleko cortical kwaye medullary kwamadlala adrenal. Abameli beli qela - cortisol kunye adrenaline.
3. Zezith. Imela ngaphandle kwi ingqondo yebhinqa.
4. hormone Contrainsular secreted yi pancreas yonyango. Le compound eziphilayo yi glucagon.
5. Testosterone. Oku ekuveliseni neuron adrenal, yaye gonads eyindoda - amasende.

Nganye kwezi hormone secreted "uqobo" ezidalwe ndlala. Noko ke, ukuba kulawulwa yinkqubo hypothalamic-yebhinqa, ibekwe ebuchotsheni.

iihomoni Contrainsular: indlela amanyathelo emzimbeni

Nangona isibakala sokuba bonke abamelene kwencindi kuchaphazela ukutya ekudleni, indlela amanyathelo ahlukeneyo kuzo. Umphumo kumanqanaba iswekile yegazi iye glucagon. Le hormone yenziweyo injeke rhoqo. Noko ke, ukuba xi iswekile yegazi unciphisa, secretion ukwimo zinokukhuliswa. indlela yayo amanyathelo sikuko yokuba kuchaphazela iiseli zesibindi. Ngenxa kule nxalenye kwimpahla egciniweyo glucose iyekelela kwaye ongena egazini. Indlela efanayo amanyathelo waphawula kuphuhliso kwezinye iihomoni contrainsular - adrenaline. Le neuron adrenal eyabelwe glucocorticoids. Ngenxa yokunqongophala iswekile egazini, ezi iihomoni ikhuthaza kuyondelelaniswe kwayo kwinqanaba zeselula, oko kukuthi, ukuba ukhokelele ekubeni kusekwe glucose evela asidi acid. hormone ukwandisa ifuthe adrenaline. Somatotropin ngandlela kontrinsulyarnyh kuphela kukuninzi, ngokufuthi ebuntwaneni (ngexesha nokukhula).

Intsebenziswano hormone pancreatic

Le injeke ke umzimba omkhulu kwinkqubo yonyango i echaphazela nethe ekudleni. Yena owenza zombini yonyango kunye nokusebenza secretory. Anatomically, lo ezidalwe inxalenye nepancreas ngumsila. Kuyo kukho imibutho efana nemisele ka Langerhans. Iiseli zezi mimandla yokwakheka banoxanduva secretion yeendidi ezininzi hormone. Inxalenye siqithi likhipha insulin. Ezinye iiseli avelise hormone "glucagon". Ukwakheka kunye nokukhululwa kungena igazi into iphembelela kwinqanaba glucose. Uninzi xi iswekile ke umqondiso wemveliso insulin. Ngokwesiqhelo, le hormone ugcina iswekile yegazi kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo, inqandwa yiyo ekuphumeni. Lo ochasene kwencindi, glucagon, leyo, phezu koko, inoxanduva kokukhutshwa iswekile egazini. umsebenzi iququzelele hormone nepancreas kuqinisekisa eqhelekileyo carbohydrate yokucolwa emzimbeni. Ukuba umsebenzi wayo secretory kuphazamisekile ngenxa yaso nasiphi na isizathu, kuza kubanceda namanye amalungu kwinkqubo yonyango.

Imveliso Kontrinsulyarnyh hormone yi adrenal

abamelene insulin ngenkuthalo ekuveliseni adrenal. Ezi zomzimba maleko ezimbini. Kwimeko nganye kwezi iihomoni kwakheka. Le neuron adrenal isiphumo contrainsular kufuneka androgens kunye glucocorticoids. Uncedo lokuqala ukunyusa umgangatho iswekile ngeendlela ezimbini. Ummeli we eli qela - cortisol hormone. It kwandisa inani enqanda kuyimfuneko ukuguqula acid ku glucose. A isiphumo ngakumbi cortisol kukuba layo kwimveliso "zokwakha" kuba iswekile evela ijwabu kwezihlunu. Ngenxa yoko, hormone esebenzayo ibalekisa inkqubo glyukoneonegeza. Ukongeza cortisol kwi uthinte wavelisa androgens. Ezi hormone izinto steroid. Owona msebenzi wabo ukuyilwa neempawu zesini eziziisekondari. Ukongeza, ukuba kuchaphazela ukutya kweziyi kunye carbohydrate. Le Medulla adrenal ukuba kuhlelwe iihomoni contrainsular - adrenaline. Ukuba ukhululeka xi iswekile yegazi inyuswe.

Igeza: ukusebenza ngomhla ukutya ekudleni

Le adrenaline hormone yaziwa nje kuphela oogqirha. Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba ubuncwane akhululwayo egazini ngexesha ntshikilelo kakhulu okanye ukothuka. Enyanisweni, lo iadrenaline unxulunyaniswa luloyiko. Impendulo enohlobo oluthile kolu khupho hormone umsebenzi weentshukumo, ukwanda izinga intliziyo, komlomo abafundi. Kwakhona le nto iye kuhlelwe elebhu kwaye esetyenziswa njani amayeza. Ukongeza ukusebenza komsebenzi kwentliziyo, iadrenaline na umphumo ukutya ekudleni, okt ngandlela kontrinsulyarnyh. indlela yayo amanyathelo ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

1. Yena kunegalelo ekukhawuleziseni gluconeogenesis.
2. Ichaphazela ucalulo glycogen xa izihlunu skeletal. Eli nyathelo adrenaline na ucaca ngakumbi.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ngokwemigaqo ngokweemvakalelo hormone uxolo ayinyuki iswekile yegazi lamanani. Njengoko ezikhutshwayo balo aye anda hyperglycemia. Kule eyahluke ukusuka indlela yesenzo glucagon. Ukubonakalisa ukuphuma iadrenaline na uchulumanco ngokweemvakalelo, ntshikilelo.

Testosterone: Imisebenzi emzimbeni

Testosterone - le kontrinsulyarnyh hormone, nto leyo yenziweyo gonads eyindoda. Kwakhona, imali encinci steroid eziphilayo kuhlelwe kwi uthinte adrenal. ukwandisa ubunzima imisipha, ukukhula ithambo, ubulunga spermatozoa kunye erythropoiesis: Ezi ziphumo zilandelayo imisebenzi engundoqo testosterone. Ukongeza, hormone kwandisa iinkqubo pathways emzimbeni, kuquka ekudleni. Ngokutsho manani, izazinzulu kuncitshiswa, amadoda eninzi testosterone egazini, abafane sinotyekelo seswekile kunye nokutyeba.

Yeyiphi hormone contrainsular yomelele?

ngokuqinisekileyo ukuphendula lo mbuzo, yintoni na iihomoni zinamandla contrainsular. Zonke ezi zinto eziphilayo kuchaphazela yokunyuka kwamazinga iswekile egazini nokunyusa nethe carbohydrate. Isenzo nganye yezi hormone na isiphumo kusisichasi insulin. Noko ke, apho izinto i ochasene ukuya kakhulu kuxhomekeka kwindlela ekwakugquba ngayo compound ethile. Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, hormone glucagon kakhulu ezinamandla na ukubizwa. Nkinga ukwandisa le nto iya iba thyroxine, nangezilonda adrenal - cortisol okanye adrenaline.