I-pneumonia ye-low-lobe-pneumonia: impawu kunye nonyango

Ngokuphindaphindiweyo emva kokutyelela ugqirha, izigulane ziva ukuxilongwa - i-pneumonia engezantsi ekhohlo. Esi sifo siqhelekile kwaye unyango olufanelekileyo alubandakanyi nemiphumo engozi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuyixilonga ngexesha kunye nokwenza i-regimen yonyango. Ngoko ke iziphi izibangela ze-pneumonia? Ziziphi iimpawu ezifanele ukunyamekela umntu ogulayo? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uthintele ngandlela-thile ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo?

Sisiphi isigulo?

Ukuqala oko kuyimfuneko ukuqonda intsingiselo yegama elithi "iphene-lobe pneumonia". Njengoko kuyaziwa, umphunga wekhohlo unamalungu amabini, kwaye inelungelo linamalungu amathathu. Yonke imiphunga iyahlula ibe ngamacandelo ayishumi.

I-pneumonia isifo esihambisana ne-pneumonia. Inkqubo yokuvuvukala ingaba yinye-macala (ngokushiya okanye ngakwesokunene) okanye emibini. Ngokuxhomekeka kwindawo leyo, i-pneumonia ingaba iyonke (yonke imiphunga ichaphazelekayo), igxininise (inye kuphela okanye i-foci encinci ye-inflammation), i-lobar (inxalenye ethile yompompo ichaphazelekayo) kunye ne-segmental (inkqubo yokuvuvukala iphela kumacandelo amaninzi). Ngamanye amaxesha unokuva isigama esithi "umphunga we-low-lobe-pneumonia" ongaphantsi kwe-left-side. - njengomthetho, oku kuthetha ukuba umthombo oyintloko wokusuleleka ukhona kwezinye izitho, umzekelo, kwisigxina somlomo.

Kubalulekile ukuthetha ukuba izinga lokufa phakathi kwezigulane li malunga ne-5%. Inyaniso kukuba i-phonum e- lower lobe / focus focal in the first steps can be hidden - izigulane ziphendulela uncedo ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye inokwenzeka ukusabalalisa inkqubo yokuvuvukala entliziyweni.

Kufanelekile ukuthetha ukuba ukutshaya kunokuba nezigaba ezinzima. Kukho elinye icebo lokuhlukanisa - kukho isibhambano esingaphantsi kwesibhedlele esisekhohlo esingaphantsi kwesibhedlele (isigulane siphethwe ngamaconsi angaphandle kwesibhedlele) kunye ne-nosocomial okanye i-nosocomial inflammation, apho isifo siphuhliswe kwisigulane ngesikhala esibhedlele.

Izimbangela eziphambili ze-pneumonia

Inkqubo yokuvuvukala ikhula ngenxa ye-ingress ye-microorganisms emzimbeni. Kwindima yezilwanyana-zifo zingenza iintsholongwane, ii-virus, iifomal organisms. Bangakwazi ukuphuma kwimeko, njengoko izifo zidluliselwa ngamaconsi.

Ngokwemvelo, ukungena kwe-pathogen kwisimo sokuphefumula akusisoloko kukhokelela ekuvukeleni. Izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya ukutshaya, ukutyhafaza kwindlela yokuzivikela, ukufumaneka kwezifo ezingapheliyo kwisigulane-konke oku kwandisa amathuba okuphuhlisa i-pneumonia. Kwezinye iimeko, ukusuleleka kungena kumaphaphu kunye nokuhamba kwegazi ukusuka kwelinye igxininiso ekugqibeleni emzimbeni.

Imbali yembali: i-pneumonia ye-low-lobe pneumonia kunye nempawu zayo

Kwinqanaba lokuqala, le fomu yokuvuvukala inokuba yinto engabonakaliyo. Izigulane zibona kuphela ubuthathaka kunye nokukhathala, ukulala, ukunciphisa ukusebenza. Kwixesha elizayo, imeko iyancipha. Kukho u khohlela. Ngamanye amaxesha inomile, kodwa ihlala ihamba ne-sputum discharge. Njengoko isifo sifana, i-sputum iya kuba yinto eninzi, ngamanye amaxesha iyabonakala i-streaks of blood.

Izigulane zikhalaza ngentlungu yesifuba, ingakumbi kwicala lasekhohlo (kwindawo yentliziyo). Ukunyuka kuyanda ngokukhwehlela nokuphefumlelwa. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwe-oksijeni, izigulane zihlala ziba nomlomo we-cyanotic kunye ne-pallor jikelele.

Iqondo lokushisa liyaqhubeka likhula, ngokukhawuleza likhuphukela kuma-40 degrees. Izigulana nazo zibonakalisa iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuxhatshazwa, kubandakanywa izilwanyana zomzimba, izibilini ezinzima, isisongela kunye nokuntuleka kwesidlo, ukuhlanza, iintloko ezinzima, kaninzi nokulahlekelwa yintliziyo. Kakade, isigulane ngasinye sinemiqondiso eyahlukileyo yeempawu, kwaye ngeeyure ezihlukeneyo zobunzima. Ngokuqhelekileyo iimpawu ze-pneumonia ezisezantsi ezisezantsi zididekile kunye ne-pharyngitis evamile okanye kubanda, ngakumbi xa kuziwa kubantwana abancinci. Le yingozi yempumoniya.

Iimpawu zeempawu ze-symptomatology kuxhomekeke kwi-pathogen

Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, i-pneumonia engaphantsi-side-lobe-pneumonia ingahlakulela kwimvelaphi yomsebenzi wegciwane okanye ibhaktheriya. Izimpawu ezingentla zikhoyo malunga naluphi na uhlobo lwe-pneumonia, kodwa i-arhente nganye inempawu ezithile.

Ngokomzekelo, i-pneumonia yentsholongwane ihamba kunye nomkhuhlane omile kunye nokuphefumula okuqhubekayo. Izigulane zikhalaza ngokukhathala ngokukhawuleza, umkhuhlane kunye nobuthakathaka obukhulu kwimisipha. Kodwa ngohlobo lwebhaktheriya ukushisa komzimba akuphezulu kakhulu, nangona ukushisa, kunjalo, kukho. Umntu unokujonga ukukhwehlela okunamandla okuhamba kunye ne-sputum discharge.

Iindlela zoxilongo zanamhlanje

Ukuchonga nokuchaneka ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Xa kubonakala iimpawu zokuqala, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha, enyanisweni, nangona kukho izidakamizwa ezinamandla zonyango, i-pneumonia ingaba yingozi:

• Isigulane kufuneka sinike igazi ngokuhlalutya-ngexesha lophononongo ungabona ukwanda kwinqanaba le-sedimentation ye-erythrocyte, kunye nokunyuka kwinani lama-leukocytes, ebonisa inkqubo yokuvuvukala.
• Uhlalutyo lwezinto eziphilayo lweesampuli zegazi, lwenziwe kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-sputum ukufunyanwa kwe-pathogen.
• Kubalulekile ukuxilongwa kunye nesifuba se-radiography, okwenza kube lula ukubona i-foci of inflammation.
• Kwezinye iimeko, kwenziwa i-fibrobronchoscopy, evumela ukuba ihlolwe i-bronchi isiguli ngaphakathi.

I-pneumonia yangaphantsi-engasese engasese: unyango kunye neziyobisi

Ngokukhawuleza kuyimfuneko ukuthetha ukuba unyango lolu hlobo luyingozi. Ugqirha kuphela onokuyenza i-regimen esebenzayo yonyango. Xa ukhunjulwa ngepneumonia yebhaktheriya, isiguli kuqala sichazwa ngama-antibiotikthi ahlukeneyo kwimiphumo, ngokukodwa, i-fluoroquinolones kunye ne-cephalosporins yesizukulwana sesithathu okanye sesine.

Ngeli xesha, iimvavanyo ezithile ziqhutyelwa, injongo yayo kukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo i-pathogen. Ukuba i-pneumonia iqala ukulwa ne-legionella, i-pneumococcus, i-chlamydia, intonga ye-hemophilic kunye ne-mycoplasmas, ugqirha unokunika izidakamizwa ezichanekileyo zokulwa ne-antibacterial. Kodwa iimvavanyo zidinga ubuncinane iintsuku eziyi-3-4, kwaye kufuneka i-pneumonia isebenze ngokukhawuleza.

Kwi-pneumonia yentsholongwane, oogqirha banikezela ngamachiza antiviral, ngakumbi, iZanamivir, Remantadin, Acyclovir. Ngelishwa, iziyobisi zisebenza kuphela xa zithathwa zingama-48 iiyure emva kokusuleleka. Kwamanye amaxesha, isigulane siyasibhedlele esibhedlele kwaye siyaphathwa ngokuphawulekayo. Iintsholongwane zentsholongwane zentsholongwane zingenasisiseko, kodwa zisacetywayo ukwenzela ukukhuselwa kweengxaki zebhakteria zesibini.

Njengoncedo, kusetyenziswe iziyobisi ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo ezikunceda ukuphelisa umkhuhlane kunye nokukhathazeka. Ulwaphulo luhlala malunga neeveki ezi-2-4, ngokuxhomekeka kubuhlungu besifo.

Ukunyamekela isigulane

I-pneumonia yisifo esibalulekileyo apho isiguli sifuna ukunyamekela. Izigulane ziboniswa ukuphumla kombhede, umsebenzi omncinci womzimba kunye nokungabikho kwengcinezelo. Kulungele ukuba umntu ahlale kwindawo efanelekileyo yomoya apho ahlala ebamba ukucoca kwamanzi. Ukuba unyango lwenziwe ekhaya, isigulane kufuneka sinike isethi yeesitya esahlukileyo ukukhusela ukusasazeka kosulelo.

Isiphuzo esinokufudumala esinokufudumala kuyimfuneko, njengoko kunceda ukukhawuleza ukususwa kweesxibiso emzimbeni nokukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwamanzi. Kukho izigulana ezidinga ukukhanya kodwa ukutya kwekhalori.

Isigulane sidinga nini ukulaliswa esibhedlele?

Ngokuqhelekileyo i-pneumonia ephantsi kwesigxina i-left-lobe-pneumonia iphethwe ngumguli, ekhaya. Ziziphi iimeko apho unyango luyimfuneko kwisithuba esibhedlele?

• Bonke abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emithathu kufuneka bafakwe esibhedlele.
• Isigulane sifanele sihanjiswe esibhedlele phambi kokuphefumula okukhulu, ukushisa (kufika kuma-39.9 degrees) okanye, ngokuthe ngqo, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ukuya kwi-35.5.
• Ukuba ngexesha lokuhlalutya okwenyuka kakhulu kwizinga le-hemoglobin lafunyanwa, kunye nokwanda kwinqanaba le-urea kunye ne-creinine, unyango lufanele lube bhetele kwisithuba esibhedlele.
• Izibonakaliso zokubhedlelelwa kwezibhedlele ziphulo lokuqonda, ukuphosa okuthe ngqo kwixinzelelo legazi.
• Ukuba kukho iingxaki (kuquka i-pleurisy, i-myocarditis, i-arthritis), isiguli kufuneka sithathwe ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele.

Amanyathelo okukhusela

I-pneumonia engummiselo ophantsi kwesigxina isifo esiyingozi apho, ekungabikho kwonyango, kukhokelela kwiinkathazo ezinobungozi, kuquka i-edema yamapulmari, ukutshitshiswa, i-sepsis, i-meningitis kunye ne-pericarditis, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo.

Ngelishwa, akukho sitofu sokukhupha i-pneumonia. Ngoko ke, inqobo yothintelo yindlela yokuphila enempilo. Ukutya okunomsoco, ukuqina kancinci komzimba, ukuhamba ngaphandle, ukungafuni ukutshaya nokusela utywala, ukwenza umsebenzi oqhelekileyo - konke oku kuqinisa umzimba, okwenza unqande kakhulu kwiimpawu ezincinci ze-pathogenic.

Zonke izifo ezithathelwanayo nezikhuphayo kufuneka zithintele unyango olwaneleyo, kwaye unyango kufuneka luhlale lude luze lufikelele. Ukomeleza ukhuseleko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthathe ikhosi ye-vitamin unyango kabini ngonyaka. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, kunye nokuqala kokuphuculwa kwenhlalakahle kubalulekile ukuphendukela kwingcali, kuba unokuba ne-puneumonia ye-left-side-lobe pneumonia.