I-Leningrad Inkqubo yokuHulelwa kweNdlu yabucala: Izixhobo, iSicwangciso, iiNzuzo kunye neNgxelo

Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu zangasese, i-single-tube tube ye-Leningrad yokutshisa ihlala isesinye sezona zixhaphake kakhulu. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwezoqoqosho, kusetyenziswa yonke indawo. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze okokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wokushisa ekhaya, kufuneka ufunde ngezicwangciso, i-pluses kunye ne-minuses, ukuphononongwa kunye neempawu.

Iimpawu zenkqubo yokutshisa i-Leningrad

Ukuba sibheka iinkqubo zokufudumala kwebhubhu enye, kunokuqatshelwa ukuba banokuqulunqwa okungafaniyo. "I-Leningradka" yenye yeentlobo. Naliphi na icebo lokufudumala elilodwa, kulu hlobo iifowuni zixhomekeke kumntu ohambisa ezininzi ngokudibanisa ezimbini. Oku kubonisa ukuba umgwaqo omkhulu unjengokubuyiswa kwaye unikeze umbhobho.

Inkqubo yokufudumeza i-Leningrad ithatha ukuhamba kwamanzi kunye nomqokeleli ovaliweyo, obonakala njengendandatho. Umqhubi weshushu uhambisa ubushushu kwibhetri kwaye uthatha amanzi abandayo. Kwindima yenkalo ehlukileyo esuka kwezinye iiskimu yinkqubo ephantsi kunye ne-horizontal system, kunye nokuxhamla kwamacebo okufudumala avela kumacala athile.

Umgaqo wokusebenza

Emva kokudlula kwibhetri yokuqala, ezinye zamanzi ziphosa kwaye zidibanisa ngamanzi ashushu aphuma kumqokeleli. Oku kubangela ukuhla kweqondo lokushisa. I-radiator yesibili ithola ubushushu obuncinane, kwaye ukufumana ukutshatyalaliswa komzimba othile ubukhulu bayo buyanda.

Ukuze ufezekise injongo yokuhanjiswa kwentsholongwane kwiibhetri, umgca wokubonelela kufuneka ube neeparitha ezithile, eziqukethe ububanzi obuphindwe kabini ngokubanzi. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba ibhobho ye-DN10 isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-radiator, uqhagamshelo lomgca lwenziwa ngokusebenzisa iimveliso eziphawulwe DN20. Kule meko, ukutyunjwa kweleta ububanzi bendawo yangaphakathi yombhobho.

Eziyinzuzo

Inkqubo yokufudumala yaseLeningrad idume kakhulu ngenxa yeenzuzo ezininzi. Izithethi eziphambili zi:

• Ukulula ukufakwa;
• Iindleko eziphantsi kwezixhobo.

Ingxelo yokugqibela ingaqwalaselwa ingxabano, kuba indleko iya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezikhethiweyo zombhobho. Ukuba usebenzisa imveliso yensimbi okanye i-polypropylene, enye ipayipi "Leningrad" iya kuphumelela kwiindleko zombini wepayipi, kuba ukufakwa kwimeko apha kuya kubiza ixabiso elincinci.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ifowuni isebenzisa ipayetetheni okanye iipilisi zeplastiki-plastiki, isicwangciso siza kuthatha ukusetyenziswa kobuninzi obunomlinganiselo womgca wokubonelela. Oku kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezininzi zamaninzi, eziza kubiza ngaphezulu, kwaye indleko yempahla kunye nomsebenzi iya kuba phezulu.

Ukulula kokufakela kunye nokufuneka kwezibalo

Inkqubo yokufudumala yaseLeningrad ifakwe nje. Ukuba usebenza loo mntu oqonda ubuncinci ngolu hlobo, uya kuhlangabezana nalo msebenzi. Ubunzima bubonakaliswa kwinto yokuba ngaphambi kokufakela kubalulekile ukwenza ukubalwa okufanelekileyo kwipayipi kunye namandla amabhetri, ngokuqwalasela ukupholisa ukupholisa ukupholisa. Ukuba udibanisa inkqubo ngokungaqhelekanga, umphumo uya kuba lusizi, kuphela iibhetri ezintathu zokuqala ziya kutshisa, ngelixa ezinye zihlala zibandayo.

Isicwangciso se "Leningrad"

Ukuqwalasela ezinye iindlela zokufudumeza, unokuqonda ukuba ziyahluka ngo kubakho iibhobho ezimbini, enye enye yimizila yokubuya, enye isondlo. Inkqubo yokufudumala yaseLeningrad yendlu yangasese efakwe isebenzisa enye ipayipi yokubonelela. Oku kusindisa izinto kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokwakha.

EYurophu, le nkqubo yabonakala ngexesha leminyaka yamandla aseSoviet, xa kwakhiwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ngamanani amaninzi, kwaye kwakudingeka ukwakhiwa ngokukhawuleza, okuninzi kunye nezoqoqosho. Ngesihlandlo sokuqala eli cwangciso lisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu eLeningrad, oku kwanika igama lenkqubo. Inkqubo yeLeningrad yokutshisa indlu yangasese ithatha i-gasket eyodwa. Radiators zidibaniswe kwichungechunge.

Xa ifowuni ingenawo umpompo wokuhambisa, isekethe ingaxhotyiswa kuphela kwizindlu zendawo encinci okanye izakhiwo kunye nomgangatho omnye. Kodwa ukuba le nkqubo ifakwe ipompo, iya kujongana nokufudumala isakhiwo esinezakhiwo ezininzi . Ukukhethwa kwesicwangciso sokufudumala kufuneka kwenziwe ngexesha lesakhiwo sokwakha. Oku kuchazwa yinyaniso yokuba kuya kuba nzima ukutshintsha ii-radiators kunye nemibhobho kwindlu esebenzayo.

Indlela yokusombulula iingxaki

Iingxaki kunye neziphoso ziya kubonakala ebusika, xa inkqubo yokufudumala isebenza ngayo yonke intliziyo. Inkqubo yokufudumala yasekhaya yaseLeningrad kufuneka ithathe ingqalelo into eyimfuneko yokuba i-coolant idlula ngokusebenzisa i-radiators iya kupholisa kancane. Kwi sixhobo sokugqibela, ukushisa kwamanzi kuya kuba ngaphantsi, ngoko kuya kuba mkhulu kunabo bonke. Ukuba ngaba umbuzo we-radiators owenziwe ngetsimbi, ke inani lamacandelo kufuneka lonyuswe, kanti xa usebenzisa izixhobo zeepaneli, indawo yazo kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Oku kufuneka kubangelwe kwiingxaki zeli cwangciso.

Ingcipheko yukuthi kule nkqubo, kunzima ukulungisa ukushisa kwinqwelo nganye yokufudumala. Kodwa ngokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo, kuyimfuneko ukufaka ipompo enamandla yokujikeleza. Idala uxinzelelo olufunekayo kumbhobho.

Iingxaki eziphambili ze "Leningrad"

Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ukulungiswa kwesicwangciso seLeningrad sokufudumeza kubonakalisa kakhulu. Inkqubo kulula ukuyifaka, kodwa inkosi iya kuba nebunzima ekuqhawuleni. Isicwangciso esinjalo sincinci ukuba sithengiseke kuphela xa ibandla lenziwa ngokusebenzisa izinto ezithile, ezingenelisekanga ngabo bonke.

I-drawback ebalulekileyo ibonakaliswe kwinto yokuba kunengxaki ukulawula ukutshintshwa kobushushu be-radiator ngoncedo lwamagatya e- thermostatic . Esi sizathu sivela kumgaqo womsebenzi. Ukuba ezo zivalo zifakiwe, isekethe isenokusebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Yiyo ibhetri yokuqala yokutshisa igumbi kwindawo yokushisa oyifunayo, kunye ne-valve ukuvala ukuhambisa kwamanzi, njengoko umthamo wayo ophezulu uhambela kwi-radiator yesibili, i-thermostat iya kuqala ukutshisa. Esi sicwangciso sokusebenza siya kusebenza kude kusetyenziswe isixhobo sokugqibela, kwaye ekupholiseni inkqubo iya kuphinda, kodwa iya kuba yinto ephilileyo.

Ukuba yonke into ibalwa ngokuchanekileyo, inkqubo iya kufudumala ngakumbi okanye ngaphantsi, ngaphandle koko i-radiator yokugqibela ayiyi kushushu. Ukuqwalasela ukungalunganga kwenkqubo yokufudumala yaseLeningrad, kufuneke ukuba kuqaphele ukuba kuya kusebenza ngokunyaniseka ngokunyanzeliswa kokunyanzeliswa ukuba umpompo wenziwa njengenxalenye yentanethi ephakathi. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa inkqubo exhomekeke kumandla ngaphandle kompu, "Leningrad" ayikwazi ukukhetha. Ukuze ufumane ukufudumala okukhulu kokufudumala kwindalo yemvelo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise ipayipi enye okanye ipayipi yomibini.

Ukuphonononga malunga neempawu zokufakela i-"Leningrad" eqondekileyo

Inkqubo yokufudumala yaseLeningrad, icebo elo lichazwe ngasentla, linokulungiswa. Oko, ngokubhekiselele kubasebenzisi, kulula ukuyifaka. Nangona i-novice masters ekhaya ibonisa ukuba umsebenzi awudingi ulwazi kunye nezakhono ezizodwa. Ukwakhiwa kwe-Horizontal kubandakanya ukubeka ipayipi ye-trunk phezulu kwesigubungelo okanye phantsi.

Kwimeko yokugqibela, kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphuculwe ukusabalalisa kwe-coolant. Ngethuba elifanayo, abaphathi bezindlu bacebisa ukuba baqinisekise ukutshintshwa kwe-thermal okuhle komgwaqo omkhulu, kuba isicwangciso esinqamlekileyo sibonakala ngezinga eliphezulu lokulahleka kobushushu.

Inkqubo yokufudumala yaseLeningrad, inzuzo kunye nokungahleleki okuye kwaxutyushwa apha ngasentla, kubandakanywa ukufakwa kombhobho omkhulu ekuthambekeni ngokubhekiselele kwindlela yokuhamba kwamanzi okanye i-antifreeze. Izixhobo zokufudumala zifakwe kwizinga elinye. Abathengi bayacetyiswa ukuba basuse umoya ukusuka kwinkqubo ngaphambi kokuqala, ngenxa yale njongo i- crane yaseMaevsky ifakwe kwibhetri nganye .

Isiphelo

Inkqubo yeLeningrad yokufudumala indlu yangasese, iimpawu ekufuneka ukuba wazi, ingafakwa kwakhona kwisicwangciso esicacileyo. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukusombulula umba wokuqhutyelwa kwamanzi ngokunyanzeliswa, ngenxa yale nto ipompo isetyenziswa. Emva kokudalwa kwenkqubo enjalo, izixhobo ezinika ukufudumala ziyafudumala kwiqondo elifunekayo ngokukhawuleza.

I-drawback yangundoqo yesakhiwo esilungelelaniso se-"Leningrad" ilungiselelo layo lingahambi kakuhle. Ukongezelela, kubalulekile ukwabela enye yokunciphisa, echazwe kumda wexesha. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba awusebenzisi ipompu yetshula, ubude be-trunk abukwazi ukuba ngaphezu kwe-30 m.