I-Frostbite yesandla: iimpawu kunye nonyango

Ubusika abulethi nje imidlalo yendabuko kwi-snowballs, ukubetha, ukushushuluza, kodwa nezinye zeengxaki ezikhoyo kweli xesha lonyaka. Kule meko, kungekuphela nje kubanda okanye ukutyumla kwiindawo ezinqabileyo. Ixesha lokubanda lizisa ingxaki, ngamanye amaxesha anzulu ngokwaneleyo, - isithwathwa sesandla. Ingxakeko enjalo inokuchaphazela kuphela izitho ezingaphezulu, kodwa neempumlo, izihlathi, indlebe kunye neenzwane. Cinga indlela yokugqiba ngexesha elihle leqabunga, kwaye uncedo luni olufunwa yixhoba.

Izizathu eziphambili

Ngaphambi kokuqwalasela ukuba senze ntoni ngeqabunga, makhe sikhulume ngezinto ezivusa eli lizwe. Emva koko, ukupheliswa kwabo kukwazi ukukhusela umzimba kwi-hypothermia.

Ngoko, zonke izizathu zentlanzi zingabelana ngamaqela amathathu:

1. Izambatho. Kumele ihambelane ngokupheleleyo nemozulu. Kukulungele ukhethe izinto zendalo. I-Woolen mittens iya kudala umphumo we "thermos", ukunciphisa amathuba okubanda. Ukongezelela, musa ukulibala, iingubo akufanele zityinwe kwaye zilungele kumzimba.
2. Imeko zemozulu. Akunjalo kuphela kubanda kunokukhokelela kwi-frostbite. Inendima ebalulekileyo idlalwe ngumswakama womoya kunye nesivinini somoya.
3. Izixhobo zomzimba, izifo. Uninzi lwabantu abaphethwe yintsholongwane yomzimba, iintsholongwane, izifo ze-endocrine, zikhuseleke kangako phambi kwebanda. Abantu abanjalo banokuhlupheka nakwiemeko apho umntu onempilo engabhali.

Izifo okanye izinto ezinobungozi

Ikhono lokufumana i-frostbite yesandla liphezulu kakhulu kubantu abaneemeko zilandelayo:

• Ukuhluleka kwentliziyo;
• Ukuphelisa i-endarteritis;
• Isifo sikaRaynaud ;
• I-thrombosis ye-vein deep;
• Isifo sikashukela;
• Ukulimala;
• I-Cirrhosis yesibindi;
• Isifo sika-Addison ;
• Ukulahlekelwa kwegazi elikhulu;
• Ukukhulelwa - 3rd trimester;
• Utywala obunxilisayo.

Iziganga zeqabunga

Ubushushu kwiimfumba zomzimba buyakwazi ukudala utshintsho, ngamanye amaxesha ungenakuphikiswa. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lokushisa okuphantsi kukho iindawo zokugawula igazi ezivimba ukuhamba kwegazi. Ubunzima bezo tshintsho kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kumlinganiselo womonakalo.

I-Frostbite yesandla phezu kobunzima bomonakalo we-tissue ihlukaniswe ngama-4 degrees. Cinga ngabo.

1 degree

Le yifomu elula. Kuye, iindawo ezichaphazelekayo azifi. Iganga lokuqala libonakaliswe ngesikhumba esiluhlaza okanye esibomvu. Umntu uziva uvakalelo oluvuthayo nolushushu kwindawo echaphazelekayo. Emva koko, iindawo zengxaki ziba yincinci. Izigulane, emva kokuncediswa kokuqala, zivakalelwa intlungu kwaye zikhupha kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo.

Njengomthetho, abantu abaye bafumana i-frostbite ye-1 degree ye-degree yesigama emva kweveki.

2 degree

Ukuhlala ixesha elide kwiqanda, unokuyandisa kakhulu imeko. Ukubonakaliswa kwi-2 degree of frostbite kufana nezo zichazwe ngasentla.

Nangona kunjalo, ngale fomu, iziphumo ezinzima ziyabonwa. Emva kweentsuku ezingama-1-2 emva kweqabunga elibangela, iimbumba zibonakala phezu kwesikhumba. Ziqukethe umbane ocacileyo. Oku kuyimpawu ezahlukileyo, ezibonakaliswa ngubunqunu beminwe. Uphulo lulibazisekile, njengombandela, kwiiveki ezimbini. Ukongeza kwithuba elide, ngale fomu, isigulane sininzi kakhulu intlungu.

3 degree

Kwimeko yokubakho ixesha elide lokubanda, kubakho ukubonakala okungenakuguquka. Ekubeni kwesikhumba kwi-3 degrees kubonakala iibhulabhu, eziqukethe i-liquid non-transparent, kunye negazi.

Le ndlela ifanelekileyo, apho zonke izinto zesikhumba zibulawa. Izipila zivela kwiminwe. Kwiiveki ezintathu kwiindawo ezonakalisiweyo kukho ukukhishwa kwesikhumba. Esikhundleni salo, ifowuni ifomu. Izipikili ezintsha ziyakhula, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi zikhubazekile.

Ukuqhekeka kwesikhumba kuqhubeka inyanga.

4 degree

Olu luhlobo olubi kakhulu lweqabunga, olubhekiselele ekufeni kwezicubu. Nangona kunjalo, ingozi ayiyona nje indawo eyonakele yesikhumba. Ngamanye amaxesha isithwathwa esinjalo sichaphazela amalunga, amathambo, ngenxa yoko isigulane sikhula. Imiphumo yombuso onjalo ayinakuguquka. Isigulane sidinga ukutshitshiswa kwezitho ezichaphazelekayo.

Iimpawu zeqabunga

Ngexesha lokuhamba esitrato kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela imiqondiso yokuba umzimba utyhila malunga nokuqala kwentsholongwane. Cishe ama-95% kuwo onke amatyala anemilenze. Bokuqala ukuva ukuphulwa kwemvelo yendalo.

Khawucinge ngendlela i-frostbite yezandla eza ngayo. Iimpawu zivela ngokulandelelana okuthile:

1. Ukuhamba kwehla. Ekuqaleni, kwenzeka kwizandla. Emva koko usasazeka kwimida. Ukukhubazeka okunjalo kubangelwa ngenxa yokubambezeleka kokuqhuba umfutho. Ukupholisa izicubu kukhokelela ekutshintsheni kwiindonga zeemfayibilini. Ngenxa yoko, isantya se-pulse sinciphise.
2. Ukunciphisa ububele. Ekuqaleni, ukuvakalelwa kwengqondo kulahlekile . Emva koko ubuhlungu bentlungu buyehla. Emva koko umvakalelo womzimba wakho ulahlekile.
3. Ukuvutha komlilo. Kuyenzeka xa uthabatha indawo eyonakalisiweyo yomzimba. Eli nqanaba landulela ukuqala kwentlungu. Le symptomatology ifana ne-frostbite 1 okanye 2 degrees. Ku-3 no-4 akukho ngokupheleleyo. Inzwa yokutshisa ihamba kunye nokukhishwa kwesikhumba.
4. Ubuhlungu. Ubukhulu balo mboniso buxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomonakalo. Ukongezelela, indima ebalulekileyo idlalwe yinani lababamkeli beentliziyo kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo. Ngamanye amazwi, i-frostbite yezandla iya kubangela ukungathandeki ngaphezu kwe-elbow ewonakele. Ngokunyuka kobuqhophololo, intlungu iya kuqinisa. Ukuvakalelwa okunjalo kubonakala njengokuqhaqha, ukutshisa, ukugqithisa kakhulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwenzeka kuphela ngexesha lokutsalwa kwelungu elonakalisiweyo. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lokushisa okuphantsi, isigulane asiva buhlungu.
5. Utshintsho lombala. Kwinqanaba lokuqala leqabunga, iimbobo ziba mhlophe, ziba nomthunzi. Emva koko umlenze ufumana umbala we-burgundy. Ukuba isigulane sinomlinganiselo oqinileyo weqabunga, i-pallor ilandela i-cyanosis. Igqityi lokugqibela lesithwathwa ngumnyama. Ibonisa ukungasebenzi kwezicubu.
6. Blisters. Ukubonakala kwazo kubonisa i-frostbite 2, 3, 4 degrees. Umbane oqokelela kuwo ungabonakaliswa okanye ugazi. Isigulane sinomuva wokutsala kwisiza sobume bendawo.
7. Ukutshiza. Lo mqondiso ungabonwa ngethuba lokukhangela okanye ngexesha lokuphucula.
8. Ukulinganisa. I-Symptomatics ifana nesigaba sokubuyiselwa emva kweqabunga elibangela. Isigulane sifaka izinto ezinjenge- "goose bumps", "inaliti".

Uncedo lokuqala

Wonke umntu kufuneka azi ukuba akwenze ntoni ngeqabunga. Enyanisweni, kwimeko yokubandezeleka kwamaqanda yonke iminithi ibiza.

Oogqirha batusa ukulandela i-algorithm yezenzo:

1. Ngokukhawuleza ulethe ixhoba kwigumbi elifudumeleyo. Susa izambatho ezibandayo. Kuthatha ixesha lokuba lifudume kwakhona. Ngoko ke, kungcono ukuyitshintsha enye enye.
2. Izandla ezonakalisiweyo kufuneka zihluthwe ngendwangu epholileyo. Oku kuncedisa ekuphumeni kwegazi kubo. Ngenxa yoko, ukufudumala kwenzeka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukunceda ngeqabunga, ungawacubisi ngekhephu. Izenzo ezinjalo ziphikisana, kuba ikhephu ayigcineli ukushisa. Ukongeza, iyakwazi ukushiya i-microcracks phezu kwesikhumba. Ukuba isifo sifumana kuwo, inkqubo yokunyanga iya kuba nzima kakhulu.
3. Ukunikela isiselo esishushu kwixhoba. Umhlaza, ikhofi okanye itiye, ukubetha isisu, kuya kuba ngumthombo owongezelelweyo wokushisa, oya kusasazeka kuwo wonke umzimba ngegazi.
4. Beka izandla zakho emanzini afudumele. Ubushushu bokuqala bu malunga nama-18-20 degrees. Iiyure ezimbini, ngokukhawuleza ukufudumala amanzi, ukuzama ukufikelela kumazinga angama-36. Akuvumelekile ukunciphisa izitho kumanzi abandayo. Oku kuya kubangela ukwanda kwendawo yesilonda. Kwakungavumelekanga ukusebenzisa amanzi ashushu ngokukhawuleza. Ukufudumala kwezandla ezonakalisiweyo kufuneka kwenzeke ngokulinganayo kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Ngaphandle koko, inani leeseli ezifileyo liya kwanda.
5. Indlela yokuphatha i-frostbite yeminwe ukuba akukho nto inokwenzeka yokunciphisa amanzi abo afudumeleyo? Kule meko, kufuneka zifakwe kwi-foil. Icala elikhanyayo kufuneka lidibaniswe nesikhumba. Unokusifaka ngekotoni okanye ingubo ekhethiweyo yentsimbi. Iziqendu eziliqela zezinto ezifudumele zifakwe kwi-foil. Umzimba wexhoba kufuneka uhlanganiswe, kuba izandla zakhe ziya kufudumala ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwaye zincinci. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwamaseli amaninzi achaphazelekayo kuya kuhlala.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iziphumo ezivela kwinqanaba lakho kufuneka zifike kumaminithi 10-20. Ukuba akukho tshintsho, ke ixhoba linomkhuhlane omkhulu weminwe. Unyango kulolu hlobo kufuneka lwenziwe kuphela oogqirha. Ngokukhawuleza kubiza i-ambulensi.

Mayeza

Ixhoba linempawu engathandekiyo. Oku akufanele kukulibaleke, kuba isiguli sinokubandezeleka okukhulu. Indlela yokuphatha i-frostbite yeminwe? Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe amayeza alandelayo ukuphucula iimvakalelo zesigulane:

1. Spasmolytics. Ezi zonyango zivumela ukuphelisa iipasimali kwiinqanawa zomhlaba kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhamba kwegazi elifudumele eluswini. Ukunyanga kwemfuno yeziyobisi: "Papaverin", "No-shpa", "Mebeverin", "Duspatalin", "Drotaverin."
2. NSAID. Ukunciphisa ubunzima beenkqubo ezivuthayo kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo kunye nezidakamizwa ezingabhubhisiyo. Ukusebenzisa elo qela, ungalibali ukuba kwizifo zesisu ziphikisana. Ubude obude bonyango lunemihla yesi-5-7. Khumbula, kunokuba uphathe i-frostbite yezandla. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo yi-NSAID ezilandelayo: "Aspirin", "Nimeslide", "Ketorolac", "Ketanov".
3. Antihistamines. Kucebise ukuba uwasebenzise ukubonakaliswa kwemvelo kwanoma yimuphi umvelaphi. Ukongezelela, baneendawo ezichasayo ezichasayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngeqabunga, basebenzisa amayeza uSupstststin, uClemastin, iZirtek.
4. IiVithamini. Kwakhona kufuneka baqaliswe kunyango lweziyobisi. Umphumo omhle kakhulu womzimba uza kuba ne-vitamin C. Unako "ukuphatha" iinqanawa ezinobungozi obandayo kunye nokuqinisa izindonga zazo.
5. Mafutha. Akufanele libaleke. Kwizididi ezilula zokufumana ngokukhawuleza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise amafutha okubuyisela. Ngeqabunga, isisombululo se-Bepanten sisisidingo esikhulu. Ungasebenzisa iBalsam "Keeper", "uMhlanguli".

Iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo

Ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise amayeza achazwe ngasentla, kufuneka udibane nodokotela wakho malunga neyomfuneko yesilinganiso kunye nokufaneleka kwalolu cwangciso.

Ukongezelela, jonga ngokucophelela imeko yexhoba. Ukuba iqondo lokushisa aliyeki kwizinga lama-37.5-37 degrees, i-syndrome ayiyadluli, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelane noogqirha ngoncedo. Unyango lweengcali luya kuba luyimfuneko ukuba izandla ziqala ukutshala emva kweqabunga.

Ukuphuhliswa kweempembelelo ezichasayo okanye iimpembelelo ezisuka kwiyeza zonyango kufuneka zilungiswe ngugqirha ofanelekileyo.

Isiphelo

Ekugqibeleni, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba wonke umntu unokuthintela i-frostbite. Ukwenza oku, khetha ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezambatho, ungagqoki izicathulo eziqinile, qi

Ukongeza, kwisitratweni akufanele uhlale kwindawo enye. Kunconywa ukuhambisa ngaphezulu. Abantu abajongene nokujikeleza kwegazi abanokukhubazeka baya kufuna iimpahla ezifudumele.

Ungalokothi usebenzise utywala ukufudumala! Inika i-short-term effect, ilandelwa yintlupheko yeqhwa.

Qaphela imithetho enjalo, kwaye akukho ncwangu iya kuba yinto embi kuwe!