I-avareji yeendleko eziphilayo ngomntu ngamnye eRashiya. Le amaholo kunye neendleko zokuphila

Iindleko avareji zokuphila - ixabiso kokuba ixabiso elisisiseko, apho kuyimfuneko ukubala mali sincinane, ukuba kulindeleke ukuba ukugcina olusezantsi oluqhelekileyo wokuphila. Esi salathisi ibalwa kwilizwe ngalinye ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye zisekelwe kwiimfuno zabantu zemihla ngemihla. Ithathwe ndawonye, imali echithwa kwi-software, kuba isixa zisezantsi zokuhlawulwa abemi. Yintoni na iindleko avareji zokuphila eRashiya?

Yintoni amaholo?

I minimum sokutya capita licandelo egqiba esemgangathweni ngokuphila kweli lizwe liphela. Ukuze sisebenze ngokwesiqhelo, kufuneka umlinganiselo othile ukutya kunye nonfood iimveliso. ixabiso lazo kule mali kwaye unika nani.

Isalathisi kubalulekile ngokwaneleyo ukuba umbutho ka-nkqubo lwentlalo. Kwi-Russian Federation zonke ubuqili bafumane imivuzo abanokuphila ukubala kunye nolwabiwo inkqubo kumGaqo senzo yomthetho nkqu 1997. Kuyinto inombolo ngumthetho 134, nto leyo ebizwa "Ngomhla ubuncinane sokutya kwi Russian Federation." Umxholo umyalelo ukulungisa mali kubandakanye wonke iphambili inkcitho ngabemi.

Kutheni sifuna le salathisi?

Le amaholo kanye ixabiso ibhaskiti yabathengi ibalwa kurhulumente kuphela ekuhlalutyeni-manani. Ezi data ziqukiwe ekuphumezeni ezi zikhombisi zilandelayo:

• yovavanyo kunye nomgangatho wobomi abemi Russian kwezinye imimandla;
• ekusekeni ixabiso umvuzo kunye neenzuzo zentlalo kubahlali;
• sasemini kunye nokusekwa kwe-mali karhulumente;
• isiseko kuphuhliso lweenkqubo zentlalo kunye neeprojekthi namanani oluntu.

Indawo yokugqibela ukuba nesizungu yoluntu kwiindawo ezithile kunye namacandelo oluntu bafuna inkxaso engaphezulu evela kurhulumente ngokohlobo uncedo lwemali. Owokugqibela iindidi eziliqela, kuxhomekeka injongo khona. Kusenokuba zokukhululelwa, iinkxaso kunye izibonelelo.

Emva kokuba yabalelwa iindleko zokuphila, abantu ukuhlola ukhuseleko lwabo. Kuxhomekeke ixabiso karhulumente, umise esi salathisi, abantu ukufumanisa amathuba okuthatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zentlalo. Ukwazi amalungelo abo, abantu ufanelwe kakhulu ngokwenene inkxaso-mali. Ngoku kufuneka nje ukugqiba apho iinkonzo kunye contact isakhiwo.

Yintoni nengobozi impahla?

Kangakanani iindleko zokuphila umntu ngamnye na Russian Federation? Ukubalwa eli gama akunakwenzeka ngaphandle komnye binzana - ibhaskithi abathengi. Oko kukuthi, ixabiso layo sisiseko kusungulwe salathisi. Ibhaskithi Umboleki lithatyathwe iseti ethile kwempahla, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, ngokusesikweni yi-Russian Federation Government. Ixesha lokugqibela kuluhlu yayihlaziyiwe January 29, 2013. Ixesha elizayo inkqubo luza kuqhutywa ngo-2018.

Emva iingxoxo ezininzi yakhutshwa umthetho nombolo 56, ezichaza iintshukumo izinto ezibalulekile ebomini bomntu. Ezi ziquka uluhlu lokutya kubalulekile kwaye non-ukutya izinto. A indawo ekhethekileyo unikwa kunye necandelo lwenkonzo. Urhulumente sele ithathelwe ingqalelo into yokuba wonke ummi weli kufuneka enze intlawulo ethile le mali kunye ukuhlawula iirhafu. Ibhaskiti unokuba iindleko eyahlukileyo umntu ngamnye. Oku kumiselwa liqela yezentlalo neyokusasazeka apho ngummi bobabo.

Yintoni na izithako ibhaskithi yokutya?

Inqanaba zokuziphilisa 2016 yaye ubukhulu becala kuxhomekeka iseti iimveliso zokutya. Ukudla oqhelekileyo ngoyena ndoqo kwimpilo yabantu, oko kukuthi, yaye uhlanga luphela. State iqwalasela ukuba umntu kufuneka atye ukutya zilandelayo:

• Iimveliso okuziinkozo (umgubo, ipasta kunye yokubhaka iimveliso, ukutya okuziinkozo kunye legumes);
• Izityalo yemifuno (phakathi kwabo indawo ekhethekileyo inikwa neetapile, kwaneekomkomere, iitumato nekhaphetshu);
• iziqhamo;
• confectionery;
• Iimveliso protein (iintlobo ezahlukeneyo imvelaphi inyama, intlanzi, ubisi, iimveliso zobisi, amaqanda);
• ioli zikajongilanga namasi;
• Iimveliso flavoring (ezi ziquka iti kunye nobulawu).

Nto leyo ethetha ukuba izinto ezingezizo ukutya kweyona ngobozi nkonzo?

Kakade ke, iindleko zokuphila ngo-2016 akwazi ukwenza ngaphandle proyshlennyh impahla. Le nxalenye ibhaskiti ngumboleki becala ahlala impahla textile. Udidi lokuqala iimpahla. Wonke umntu ohlala Russia kufuneka banikwe abangenazimpahla zifudumeleyo, ihlobo ukukhanya kwakunye hosiery kunye zokuthunga. Elikwibhaskithi wazibeka njengoko iindleko izihlangu. Ngokwahlukeneyo bodwa impahla ofisi kunye nendlu. Abemi zinika siqu kuphela. Kunzima ukucinga ngaphandle kudidi non-ukutya iziyobisi.

Nelinika kwicandelo iinkonzo byi ibhaskiti?

iindidi ezithile kwicandelo enkonzo uhlawula amaholo. Family unikwa isigxina imisebenzi nokuzonwabisa, umlinganiswa yenkcubeko kunye nobunzima, ngokunjalo ukuhamba kuzo zonke iindlela zothutho. Le nxalenye ibhaskiti yokusebenzisa ufunyenwe kunye nentlawulo ye-Russian Federation kweenkonzo zikarhulumente kubemi. Kuyabonakala ukuba umntu usebenzisa uluhlu olupheleleyo equlathe kwerente, ukufudumeza, umbane, irhasi, amanzi (ashushu nabandayo), kunye amanzi amdaka.

Oko kukuthi, ezo zinto kufuneka abe khona xa ukusetyenziswa ngemihla abantu bonke. Iindleko zokuphila kuyahlukana nedlela lowo kujongwe - abantwana, abakhubazekileyo okanye abantu abadala.

lo ibalwa njani kulo mzobo?

Iindleko avareji zokuphila libalwa kwizigaba ezininzi:

1. Ukumisela isixa iimpahla bagqitywe, ukuyila kweyona ngobozi nkonzo.
2. Ukubalwa isabelo, nto leyo efunekayo ukuze umntu ngenyanga eyodwa wekhalenda.
3. Ukuphindaphindwa inani afunyenwe kwinqanaba edlulileyo, iindleko avareji ezi mveliso.
4. Gabalala lwe data.

Oku kubonakala ukusuka kumgca serial, ixabiso kwangaphambili oku kuya ukukunika iziphumo ezichanekileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ukubalwa ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi oluchanileyo inani efanayo imveliso kanye qho kwiinyanga ezintathu.

Ukongeza ixabiso le ibhaskiti nkonzo ukuba isiseko, kumiselwa indleko avareji zokuphila, zivela iimpawu zangoku kwamaxabiso, kwinqanaba lamaxabiso kweli lizwe, kwakunye ubungakanani iingeniso zerhafu kunye neentlawulo-mali karhulumente.

Ngubani na inxaxheba ekusekweni zesi salathisi?

Ngenxa ubunzima kwi Indawo esikuyo Russian Federation ngulozinzisa ubuncinane ukuphila kwiingingqi ngokwahlukeneyo. Eli xabiso liyatshintsha, nangona kakhulu. Ngapha koko, kuzo zonke iimbombo le meko enkulu iimfuno ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Igalelo lakhe ekubaleni ezenziwa ngamaqela ezininzi izinto. Ezi ziquka:

• zone kwemozulu;
• imeko lwendalo kummandla;
• umgca amanani.

Ukuze uphucule ukuyilwa bafumane imivuzo abanokuphila kuzo zonke yingxenye Russia kukho umsebenzi ojongene nokubala. Ekubeni le yesalkathisi rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu, kwaye iya ibizwe ngabameli beenkonzo ezahlukeneyo bezicacisa eli thuba. Ezi ziquka abantu abanikeza data evela kwiSebe lezeMisebenzi, kwiinkonzo zentlalo-ntle kunye nemibutho manani.

Emva yokuqokelela ulwazi oluyimfuneko, umsebenzi ikhomishini xa ejoliswe uhlalutyo nokubalwa. Aba bantu ukumisela izinto ezibalulekileyo ebomini bomntu, ngaphandle apho ayikwazi ukugcina olusezantsi oluqhelekileyo wokuphila. Oko kukuthi, umntu kufuneka atye kakuhle, ukuba buhlungu, ukuba akhuselwe kwaye kuphuhliswa.

Ekupheleni ikhomishini kufuneka yahlulwe amanani amathathu okuluphawu iindleko ibhaskiti ngumboleki amaqela amathathu zentlalo yezibalo. Xa ummandla ngamnye ibalwa ixabiso labo, akhiwa indleko avareji zokuphila kulo lonke Russian Federation. Le nombolo - benchmark kwezoqoqosho ngokubanzi ukuba ukusuka kwisiqingatha ukuya kwesinye linokwanda okanye linciphe. Ngokomthetho kuxhomekeke kukuvela izinto kunye neziganeko ezenzeka kulo nyaka ngamaxesha athile onyaka.

Indlela yokubala indleko yokuphila ngokwabo?

Ukuze uqonde ukuba okanye hayi isicelo entlanganweni zokukhusela intlalo yabantu uze ubale ukuba inkxaso-mali evela kurhulumente, kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba self-ukufumanisa indlela ixabiso ubuncinane sokutya. Oku kuza kunceda ukuqinisekisa umgangatho womvuzo entsatsheni sibone kulo naluphi na udidi lwezentlalo-ngokwedemografi, ungaquka wena.

Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka kuqala kwaphula usapho ngokweendidi ezintathu. I yokuqala iya kuquka abantwana, okwesibini - abantu eyomeleleyo, kwaye eyesithathu - abakhulileyo amalungu entsapho. Emva kudidi ngalunye kufuneka kukulayinisha, oko kukuthi, inani labantu kwiqela ngalinye. Inyathelo elilandelayo kukuba phinda ixabiso ngalinye afunyenwe esandulelayo kwinqanaba, ixabiso le level sokutya wokuphila zaloo mmandla. Ngokwahlukeneyo kungeniswa ezi zibalo kubahlali eMoscow kunye capital Northern - eSt Petersburg.

Iindleko avareji zokuphila e Moscow, ngaphezu kwezinye iingingqi weRashiya, yaye-15 092 engange. Eli nani luphawu jikelele yale yobukhulu kwi abemi eyomeleleyo (17 219), abantwana (12 989) kunye umhlalaphansi (10 715).

Iindleko avareji zokuphila eSt Petersburg yi 10.526 engange. Luhlanganisa ixabiso index kwi kubemi omeleleyo eLeningrad (11 568), abantwana (10 144), kunye nabahlali zokwaluphala (8419).

Akusoloko kwi abameli ngexesha elifanayo ngamahlelo amathathu yinxalenye yentsapho. Ukuba naliphi na iqela yezentlalo neyokusasazeka engekho esiseleni njengelungu lombutho woluntu, oko lishiyiwe nje kubalo. Le indlela yokuqingqa kwibhajethi iyonke wenziwe imali yengeniso usapho lahlulwe ngenani labantu. Xa kunjalo, ukuba eli xabiso yi ngaphantsi kwenqanaba lokuphila asezantsi ngomfundi ngamnye osekwe abasemagunyeni bendawo, ngoko inika ilungelo lokufumana ubume lentsapho osweleyo.

Yintoni na uncedo?

Xa kunjalo, ukuba amalungu alo usapho abanalo ithuba ukufumana umsebenzi okanye zemali status alifikeleli kwinqanaba elithile esekwe ngurhulumente, aba bantu abafanelwe zizibonelelo. Kwisi sokutya kunokuba ezahlukeneyo.

inkonzo ekhethekileyo ngokususela amaxwebhu angeniswe, apho kuqinisekiswa ngesiqinisekiso yengeniso umyeni wakhe, umfazi wakhe, nabantwana, amalungu abakhubazekileyo kunye ogula anikele isinqumo sabo. Ibala iinzuzo zemali zilandelayo:

• wokuya;
• zomhlala-phantsi;
• izibonelelo;
• imbuyekezo;
• uncedo kuqeqesho;
• zonke iintlobo yamabhaso;
• nokungasebenzi;
• isondlo;
• ingeniso ukusuka kwizindlu ezihlawulelwa irente;
• intlawulo yomonakalo zempilo ngoku;
• umvuzo;
• iinzuzo evela kwintengiso yempahla kunye ezithengiswayo.

Ukuze ube nokufaka isicelo sokunikwa ubume ntsapho zinengeniso esezantsi kufuneka beze ulwamkelo kwabasemagunyeni abachaphazelekayo, luxanduva apho wenza le nkqubo. Ikakhulu ukuthi ukwenza inkonzo yabasebenzi kunye nokhuseleko loluntu oluntu.

Ngomhla kuqala ekufumaneni intlawulo eyongezelelweyo ibango ngabantu yobudala yomhlala-phantsi, abemi abakhubazekileyo, ephantsi ingeniso okanye iintsapho ezinkulu, abantu abangaphangeliyo kunye nabafundi. Kuba uncedo ngemali ukubala abemi omeleleyo Russia kwaye kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezithile.

Ukubeka iliso ekuthotyelweni lwamalungelo abo kunye nokuthintela ukuhlukunyezwa kwabo, kuyimfuneko ukuba kuyibiyela wena uze ukwenza izibalo na.

Kuba ngalunye kudidi abemi, Kukho ngomahluko kuyilo ezongezelelweyo iintlawulo sokuqhubeka kwinqanaba.

Xa abantu abadala ngakumbi rhoqo, ukongeza pension, akukho eminye imithombo yengeniso. Kodwa ke, umzekelo, intlawulo yesixa ngurhulumente ekubaleni akuthethi bayithathele ingqalelo. Calculation ngokwayo ikhutshwa phandle, kuxhomekeke kummandla ayikho indawo eyiyo yokuhlala, yaye ubhaliso.

Inkqubo ukufumana intlawulo eyongezelelweyo labemi yokusebenza-yobudala eqhelekileyo. Noko ke, urhulumente ayisoloko ukuba wenze oko. Ngoko ke, ukunqanda uphazamiseko, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola-sikhokelo yowiso ngenyameko.

Kuba inkalo kwe nkqubo kukho iseti yamaxwebhu ezithile, kuquka iingxelo zonyango, izimvo iingcali ezahlukahlukeneyo, imbali yezonyango njalo njalo.

Phantsi kudidi abangasebenziyo ziyabandakanywa hayi konke kodwa amaqela athile kuphela abemi. Umzekelo, ukuba abafazi bethathe ikhefu ukunyamekela umntwana, abo ngaphambili babesebenza amashishini amatyala. Njengoko abangaphangeliyo ngokusemthethweni ngabantu ababhalisileyo exchange yabasebenzi.

Kufumana iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo anelungelo kuphela abo bafundi ababhalise yexesha elizeleyo. Inkqubo yokwenza isicelo yonke udlula ofisi yesikole ngayo.