I-Agasti nombethe Pear - ncomo. Inkcazelo yezi ntlobo, iimpawu

Kwe luvela eGeorgia, apho kwaziswa waza waqalisa ukuba ilinywa iPeloponnese eGrisi. Yaba iminyaka eliwaka BC. e. Kamva yaba imithi eliphakathi iziqhamo ethandwa emiyezweni of Ukraine Kievan Rus, apho kwi 1660s esi siphendu waza waqalisa ukukhula kwi Izmailovo yesicelo kunye neepaki of eMoscow.

Ukuba ngenkulungwane ye-17 kwakukho malunga 40 neentlobo amapere, yaye ngenkulungwane ye-19 kummandla eKharkiv, kwakukho sele 360, namhlanje kubulelwe abalimi ngaphezu kwama 5,000 esiXhoseni. Le emibhaka kakhulu ethandwa anawo eFransi, apho ikhula 40 yezigidi yale mithi.

imihlobo amapere

Nangu zahlulwe ehlotyeni, ekwindla nasebusika emaXhoseni. Esi ubushushu-onothando kunye ahlekisayo umthi ngaphezu apile, ngoko iya kudibana egadini asizizo zonke umlimi engahlawulwayo.

Kuba ebusika iintlobo imithi yeziqhamo emva kwexesha ukuphuma amathupha, ezifana Yuryev, ngubani amapere baligcine incasa kunye nevumba de kuJanuwari.

Yi ekwindla iintlobo ziquka amapere kunye hardiness aphezulu okanye avareji zasebusika, ukunika izivuno eziphezulu kunyaka 4-5th ukusuka 150 ukuya-180 kg umthi ngamnye. Ezi ziquka neentlobo Moscow, Fancy Efimova, Veles, ndiyithandayo Yakovlev nabanye. Autumn kwe ukrwala ekupheleni kuka Agasti-Septemba, yaye ngokuqhelekileyo iziqhamo zayo kunokugcinwa ezimbalwa iinyanga.

Eyona iphambili iintlobo ehlotyeni earliness zabo. Abaninzi kubo babe ukumelana iqabaka elungileyo kunye isivuno eliphezulu. Agciniweyo iziqhamo amapere zasehlotyeni, ngokuxhomekeke ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini.

Ngomnyaka ubalisa kwibanga amapere I-Agasti mbethe, Severyanka Interface, Chizhovski, Thumbelina, uPetros nabanye. Imisebenzi Summer zahlulwe ekuqaleni (ngoJuni, phakathi-Julayi) nasesekondari (Agasti) lokuvuthwa esiXhoseni.

August umbethe

I-Agasti kwe iintlobo nangexoshomba laqaliswa Institute of Genetics Ukukhethwa Michurin njenge winterhardiness zasehlotyeni view umfuyi Yakovlev. Ukuba kuveliswe iintlobo omtsha ewela Australian Triumph Pakgama ngemfesane. Isiphumo umthi encinane isithsaba ubukhulu eliphakathi nesivuno olongeziweyo. I-Agasti nombethe kwe ukuphakama 2-2.5 m, uye eziliqela isithsaba udanile.

Le iintlobo iqala ukuze athwale isiqhamo kwiminyaka 3-4, kwaye kwemveliso eliphezulu. Isivuno lokuqala imithi abaselula ukuzisa ukuya kwi-15 kg yeziqhamo.

Amasebe buti kolu hlobo wandise phantse kwi engile yakho, kufuneka umphezulu ogudileyo nombala. Wood has a izintso eliphezulu probudimostyu. Iintlobo sandile ukuthandwa ukususela 2002 abahlali ehlotyeni yommandla Central Black Earth.

Ukulungiswa kunye nokuqalisa izityalo

izithole Ukutyala kwe kufuneka uqale ukusuka kwindawo abazikhethele, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko zemozulu igabi ibekwe kuyo:

• Kwe uthanda ilanga kunye nendawo evulekileyo, ngoko ke isuti party umyezo ilanga umoya-ekhuselweyo kakhulu. Ukhetho lokutyala ixesha lixhomekeke ngumgcini-myezo, kodwa uninzi akukhethayo abo owatyala emibhaka kwisiza, banikwa ukuwa.
• Ukulungisa umhlaba ilungisiwe ngokumba indawo kunye nokungena isichumiso umhlaba olufunekayo. Uninzi pere kufuneka superphosphate, umgquba kunye potash nezichumiso, kodwa akukho izithethe eyamkelekileyo ngokubanzi, kuba oko kuxhomekeke kumgangatho komhlaba.

• Ukutyala izithole kwe kufuna indlela esizimiseleyo zokukhetha izixhobo lokutyala. Kufuneka lwenziwe ngokunceda kwezityalo omnye okanye obanjwa. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba ukujonga umgangatho iingcambu kunye buti namandla.
• Phambi kokutyala, belungiselela umngxuma enkulu ngaphezu inkqubo ingcambu izithole, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba umhlaba lo mba evakalala. Ukuze kwakhiwe olufanelekileyo Umphanda kwi enye una-30 cm ukusuka emhandzini yaso-Ground.
• Xa isithombo aya kuthi xhaxhe kwi emngxunyeni, iingcambu kufuneka kakuhle atshabalalisa wayifulela kunye nomhlaba. Ngoko ke umhlaba ngeenxa imithi unyathele, inkcenkceshelwa yaye igqunywe kufuma. Oku kuzakugcina ukufuma nokwandisa umhlaba ujikeleza amapere.

Umgama phakathi kwemithi kufuneka zikhethwe ngokusekelwe koko bathe Crohn kwakhiwa. Umzekelo, i-Agasti kwe umbethe ratings begadi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufake nomqhele encinane, ngoko umgama phakathi izithole kufika m-5. Ngeentlobo kunye anabayo angafuna iimitha ukuya ku-7.

ukunakekela

Ukuze nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa asilahlekanga, kufuneka ngoko nangoko ucinge malunga yamanzi qualitative. Ukuba igabi ibekwe kwindawo kunye nemozulu eshushu nemvula encinane, ungenza ndimbe ndiwujikeleze emseleni umthi uwubeke ngamanzi. Ukuze inkqubo ingcambu engathanga kuqala ahlambe kude, amanzi kufuneka ukutya kancinci. Le Pear Agasti umbethe (reviews beelori sithethe ngayo) elithathelwa kakuhle xa zokunkcenkceshela spray yoxhaso.

Enye into ebalulekileyo ukuba umthi ukhule ngokukhawuleza kwaye sifumane amandla - into ukukhropha. Kuba ezimnyaka spring ukuthenwa kufuneka ube malunga nesiqingatha imitha evela emhlabeni. Ukuba iminyaka emibini, oko kuyimfuneko emthonjeni ukususa amahlumelo extra nkqo. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba athambise rhoqo umhlaba.

Lifanelekileyo nguKwindla nalapha kwe ebusika kufuneka ukhuselwe kukugodola, nokuba ukuba ngaba kunxulumene iintlobo yasebusika-singapheli. Umzekelo, i-Agasti nombethe eliphakathi (inkcazo iimpawu zayo uthi kusebusika eqinile iintlobo yoo-level) ifuna "ukurhangqa" njengekhephu. Ukuba Ubusika snowless, kucetyiswa ukuba afefe neengcambu umhlaba owongezelelekileyo.

Ukutyebisa imithi eliphakathi

Kwakheke emhlabeni ngexesha kokwehla, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iingcambu izithole emibhaka kufuneka ibe wadibana potash and nitrogen nezichumiso. Banakho ukubulala kumila, kwaye isithombo uya kufa.

Umthi oqolileyo, umzekelo emibhaka I-Agasti mbethe, kwakhona begadi ukuthetha ngayo, uthanda isichumiso organic - umgquba. Inazo zonke izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze ikhule efanelekileyo. Kufuneka wenze izinga 2.1 kg nganye-1 m ² entwasahlobo kwisangqa-esiqwini.

Ekwindla usisiqinisekiso kakuhle ukukhula kunye nophuhliso umthi iya kuba ukuqaliswa izichumisi nitrogen. Yenza ngcono emva igqabi kunye ammonia initrojeni yesichumiso.

inkcazo yezi ntlobo

Intandokazi begadi baba emibhaka I-Agasti umbethe. Inkcazelo yalo mthi unika onke amabala ukuba olu hlobo kweli lizwe:

• Lubonakala kukukhula ngokukhawuleza tillering. Awakening spring Good.
• Kule emibhaka amahlumelo zamafu kunye lenticels ezininzi.
• Ihamba ubungakanani avareji, ilastiki, eluhlaza emnyama elintlangothi wona aqoqiwe yaye ubude avareji yomqolo.
• Iintyatyambo mancinane, emhlophe amaqhosha 7-10 yokudubula nganye.

Sisazi ukuba umthi ukhula ephantsi, kunokuba emxinwa, kodwa phezulu-imveliso, ngokufanelekileyo kwiindawo ezincinane ipoma apho imali imitha ngalunye lomhlaba.

quality iziqhamo

Kwe I-Agasti mbethe, abathandi isiqhamo wokwenene oku kuqinisekisiwe, unika amanzi kunye neziqhamo limnandi medium ubukhulu. Eziqhelekileyo amapere ubunzima ukusuka 120 ukuya-150 g, nangona kumhlaba olungileyo nangenkathalo efanelekileyo, kwaye ukufikelela 200 g

Bathi, inyama emhlophe amanzi futhi ingqolowa entle, 100 g iqulethe:

• sugar - 8.5%;
• Pectin - 0.8%;
• ascorbic acid - 13 mg;
• Arbutin - 2.7%;
• P-esebenzayo into - 40 mg.

Kwe has a incasa onomoya ezimuncu-sweet yaye sinika isiqhamo esihle, apho kunokugcinwa ukuya kwiiveki ezi-2. Le grade itafile, elungileyo ukutya fresh uze upheke kuyo kwemikrozo kunye compotes.

Uhlaziya balimi

Ngokoluvo zabalimi engahlawulwayo, i-Agasti umbethe - it iindidi nekaprizny kunye isivuno eliphezulu kwakunye nencasa ogqwesileyo iziqhamo. Le emibhaka alichatshazelwa izifo fungal, emuncu futhi aqine. iimpawu olungileyo ukuze zikhule iyelenqe nganye uze unike izivuno eziphezulu ngonyaka ngamnye.