Extraversion - ukuba ... Principles of Psychology. Isikali introversion, extroversion

Iingcali zengqondo ukususela ekuqaleni ukuyilwa kwalo inzululwazi baye bazama Cazulula iimpawu lomntu ngokwemiqathango ethile. Enye lohlelo na uhlobo ngumsindo, olusekelwe phezu iimpawu ngamnye e-nervous system. wengqondo Swiss Carl Jung ecetywayo imodeli ezahlukeneyo, ngokusekelwe intshukumo lwamandla izangoma. Ukusuka lo mbono 2 izicwangciso zobuntu ziye zachongwa:

• extraversion;
• introversion.

Uhlobo lo mmangaliso

Ngokufaka ukwazi kubonisa ngokunxulumene izinto okanye ihlabathi. Introversion kunye extroversion - iindlela nangokwasengqondweni lithathelwe yabantu ehlabathini ngeenxa zonke kuye, ezi zicwangciso zimbini ezikhethekileyo ebantwini. Ngokutsho Jung, yonke indalo yahlulwe kumaqela-2. Iimpawu zokuqala - ukuya kwiqondo eliphezulu yokuzala, nto leyo sikhatshwa ubude elisezantsi wobomi ngamnye kunye nobuchule buthathaka ukuzithethelela. Iqela lesibini imele abantu kunye nokwanela ngokwemiqathango kulondolozwe, kodwa oku unale umgangatho wenzala. Asinto kunzima kangaka ukuyiqonda ukuba extraversion - oku uhlobo lokuqala yokuziphatha kwindalo, kakuhle apho kwenziwe kunye nokusasaza amandla kwayo yonke imiyalelo, kunye introversion - yesibini, umntu apha iyazikhusela ngokuchasa nayiphi na impembelelo ezivela ngaphandle, lo gama kokuchitha ubuncinane amandla.

umdla Extroverts sibhekiswe ehlabathini ngaphandle. Xa indima into ngexesha elinye nikhonze abanye abantu izinto. Ngaloo ndlela ibonisa leyinene ekuthiwa-lwangaphandle. Kuba introverts umdla oluxolo kwangaphakathi - ekhoyo ngaphakathi.

iimpawu extroverts

Ukwazi iziseko bengqondo, singakwazi ngokuzoba ngokucacileyo iimpawu lokuba uhlobo oluthile ubuntu. Kuba ezi zinto zilandelayo extroverted kuyinyaniso:

• ubomi lijikeleza izinto zangaphandle;
• ixabiso lezinto ukunxibelelana uhlobo lomntu liphume;
• ubudlelwane umthamo into;
• abantu kuye lilambatha, njengoko into kuphela lokuqaphela;
• ekubeni abantu ixabiso eliphantsi Baqale, ngoko uzama ukuphucula;
• nangona umfutho lwamandla, ivili extroverted ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yeendleko zamandla eziphezulu zonxibelelwano, bakhetha ukuhlala ndedwa.

Iimpawu ze introverts

Ngenxa yoko, i-introvert ingachazwa yi ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• etsala into, okt otvlekanie yobuntu kuye;
• Kwicala intshukumo behlabathi engaphakathi, kude real;
• abantu bebona ubuntu;
• rhoqo izinto elwayo ukuya introvert;
• Ixabiso kwepropati ukuba umntu onjalo liphezulu, ngoko uzama ukunciphisa ixabiso layo, khon 'ukuze bafumane eziqhotyoshelwe kubo;
• ukuba introvert singabandakanyi inkqubo esebenzayo yonxibelelwano, le introvert avakalelwa ngayo ngokugqibeleleyo kwiinkampani ezinengxolo.

izisusa yangaphakathi

Ngokutsho Jung, extraversion - le kule, ukuhamba, ukukwazi ukufumana kunye nomnye umntu, ukuba bhetyebhetye lula le meko. Imvelo nale hlobo ubuntu ngokukhawuleza kudala amaqhina zentlalo kunye nothando, ngaloo ndlela ohlisa lula abanayo kunye noloyiko. Xa imeko nguqavashe lula oyenzayo nemizamo ezingaqhelekanga yingozi.

Introversion lubonakala ngokuba indalo jinga eJonga, kuyaphela wazifihla. Onjalo badla kuzigcina kude into phantse lonk phezu ukuzithethelela.

Ukuzisa ngezenzo imbono, umgwebo nguqavashe zezona zinto yangaphandle. Njengokuba introvert yi uchasaniso hlobo yezinto. Xa amehlo qavashe, abantu uhlobo olwahlukileyo ubuntu uyadika kwaye ngokulula enokuxelwa kwangaphambili, uyawabhuqa ndavuyiswa wonke umntu. Ngelo xesha, i introvert lowo udla ngokuzicingela-ngokwaneleyo, abaphatha abantu nohlobo oluchasayo iseti engqondweni njenge abangenazigqibo, ng zangaphandle, abo basoloko bezama ukutsala umdla nangayiphi na indlela.

Uphando introversion kunye extraversion

Psychologist nama- Ayzenk wakhokela umthetho, njengoko apho imodeli ubuntu ingachazwa zizinto ezimbini: zengqondo (extraversion / introversion) kunye ukuxhathisa. Le nkqubo ikuvumela ukugqiba udidi ngokuchanekileyo ngokwaneleyo sawo kunye noqhelwaniso. Ngaloo extroversion / introversion nga ibolile zibe imifuziselo ezahlukeneyo 8.

Malunga Isimo sathetha ngokunyuka kancinane, ngoko asiyi kuhlala phezu kwawo kwakhona. Kakhulu ngakumbi umdla kulo mba Nomlinganiso nezigulo. Njengoko watshoyo Eysenck, ubuntu ixhomekeke kanye kuzinzo umntu. Ngenxa yoko, xa nezigulo umntu omkhulu kwahlukile ukungalingani lweenkqubo ngengqondo, kozinzo uvakalelo kunye lability yenkqubo yawo luvo. Umntu nalo hlobo mntu abawonwabeleyo, kunye ukwahluka uphawu mood, suspiciousness, sluggishness nazigqibo. Xa nezigulo malunga mandla uphawu umntu kunye uzinzo ngokweemvakalelo, ukulungelelana kunye nokuzimisela.

nezinga

Isikali-introversion extroversion kunye nokungazinzi-nokuzinza ezizimeleyo kwengqondo. Oko kukuthi, kuyenzeka ukuba ahlangabezane introvert kunye qavashe efana kunye nezigulo eziphezulu nezisezantsi. Zobuntu abantu kule meko iya kwahluka ngamandla. Abantu abaninzi baye iimpawu ezithi zibekwe malunga kumbindi Eysenck isikali. Umgama enamandla nezibonda ibonisa ukuba kushenxwe kulo ixabiso koko, yaye ngaloo ndlela, ubungqongqo iipropati zobuqu.

Xa kokuvumelana le isikali ngeentlobo ezine yesimo nga baphethe ubudlelwane ngqo. Ngokomzekelo, xa uhambisa ecaleni iasi enqamlezileyo ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene kwandisa extraversion - oku kubonisa inqanaba ngokuphandle womntu. I-axis ethe nkqo ye emazantsi-up ungabona ukuhla uzinzo.

Ngokutsho Eysenck Isimo linokuchazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• choleric - oguquguqukayo, extroverted;
• sanguine - ezinzile extroverted;
• melancholic - engakhuselekanga, ndisoyika ukuthetha;
• Umntu phlegmatic - owaziwayo, ndisoyika.

Introversion-extroversion - test

Ukuze ikwazi ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba uhlobo sengqondo ngokwasengqondweni bomntu, kuyimfuneko ukuba babuyele ngengqondo, owathi ngenxa lweemvavanyo ezininzi inkoliso ngokuchanekileyo ungawuchaza. Kuba itshekhi ekhawulezayo anokuyisebenzisa zeekhweshine ezahlukeneyo, kufumaneka kwi-Internet okanye iincwadi weendawo. Amvumela ukuba ukuqikelela ubuntu offhand kunye nesifundo ngasinye.

Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ukuchana mvavanyo angacuthwa ngenxa yokuntsonkotha eyaneleyo yokufumanisa ngokwasengqondweni. Ngapha koko, extraversion - akusoloko ukuvula ngokupheleleyo uhlobo lomntu. Kukho inani elaneleyo "amanyathelo" iseti nasengqondweni. Ngenxa yoko, kusengqiqweni ukuhlangabezana introvert, esibonakala yi zizwana kunye nokuvuleleka, phezu koko, zavalwa nguqavashe.

isiphelo

Kodwa nokuba kungade kube njalo, ukuze, xa uvavanyo extraversion uya kuchongwe amandla kunye nobuthathaka zamaqela ngamnye. Oku wayeyixhalabele kunye iqondo excitability, ochaphazela ngqo isantya imbono nokufunda. Ulwazi yeraki yabantu kuvumela ngaphezulu ukukhetha uhlobo ekunene lomsebenzi wobugcisa, kwakunye ukunceda ukuthintela ukubethabethana xa usebenza nomntu ngokupheleleyo uhlobo esahlukileyo.