DTP: reactions ezibi, imiphumo gonyo. DTP: "ngokuba" yaye "nxamnye"

Imfuneko yokuba imithi kuzalwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje ixabisa kuluntu lwanamhlanje kakhulu elibukhali. Abazali abaninzi isigqibo ukunikezela amanyathelo okuthintela, exela ukuba ugonyo luyingozi kakhulu kwimpilo usana kunalowo isakhono esi sifo. Oogqirha zilumkisa ukuba izigqibo ezinjalo ukuze neziphumo ezibi kakhulu, ukuya uphindaphindo izifo lonke kwezifo elide-ilityalwe (ezifana umphimbo). Le rumor inkulu lo lugonyo njengoko Dube. Indlela Ezingalunganga kuyo eziqhelekileyo, leyo, Kakade, kuphakamisa imibuzo malunga nokwenzeka zokuphunyezwa kwayo. Makhe zama ukuqonda umntwana kufuneka njani le isitofu sokugonya kunokuba ukusongela ukuphunyezwa okanye ukwaliwa kwayo yayo.

Yintoni ugonyo?

Ngoko ke, makhe sithethe ngoko ugonyo Dube. Abantwana ucinga ukuba nje edubuleyo embi, kodwa abazali kufuneka bazi ukuba isitofu enjalo eyenzelwe ukubonelela ukhuseleko nxamnye izifo ezoyikekayo ezifana ezifana uminxano, ukubola komqala kunye nonkonkonko. Zonke ezi ngxaki luphawulwa ubuzaza ukuvuza, ubukho kukho inani elikhulu yeengxaki umzimba umntwana kunye nobunzima unyango.

Isitofu sokugonya inceda ukuphuhlisa sifo kuyimfuneko, Noko ke, akuqinisekisi ukunqongophala kungenzeka esi sifo. Sekunjalo, usana, ukuba pick up i usulelo emva inaliti ecwangcisiweyo, uyithumele ngendlela elula (ngaphandle iingxaki), ngokukhawuleza isazama.

iintlobo Classic yokusabela

Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wenze umntwana wakho agonywe nge Dube, imiphumela emibi lokugonya kufanele ihlolwe ngokusondeleyo kakhulu. Olu lwazi luya kukunceda isigqibo sokuba ufumane ukugonyelwa, balinganise zonke "nezimbi" kunye "bawo", yaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, athathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo kwangaphambili. Impendulo ephilayo kusungulo mali angaphandle kwemiqathango yahlulwe ngokweendidi ezintathu eziphambili:

1. uhlobo Minimal okanye ubuthathaka. Lubonakala lutshintsho kancinane yokuziphatha wosana, oluthile kancinane (edanduluka esithi, ukwala ukuba adle), nande lobushushu emzimbeni ukuya degrees-37,5.
2. imilo Moderate, okanye esiphakathi. Ngazo ekutshintsheni ukuziphatha ukusoloko umntwana, kuba namdla okanye ngokuchasene noko, luvo, ngokufuthi adikwe kungekho sizathu, becela ukuba isandla. Itakane uyala ukuba adle, udla ngokukhala, ibonisa naziphi na ezinye iimpawu ixhala, ubushushu bomzimba kudla lisingisa degrees 38.5.
3. ifomu Severe. Ehamba iimpawu ezikhankanywe yokuqala yaye kwimeko yesibini. Ngaphezu koko, kukho ifiva (lobushushu ngasentla degrees 38.5), kusenokubakho unditsho, kuthibaza. Umntwana uziva ugula kakhulu, ngokufuthi alunako ukuphuma emandlalweni.

Imiphumo kunokwenzeka emibi ugonyo

Ngelishwa, kukho iziphumo ezininzi ezimandundu DPT ugonyo. abasabela Ezingalunganga kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kungabangela:

• ukugabha (ifumaneka ku 2 kuphela ngaphandle 100 agonywe);
• (Degrees ukusuka 39 okanye ngaphezulu) ubushushu bomzimba eliphezulu kakhulu;
• nokulimala engqondweni;
• ukuhlukunyezwa ngokomzimba okanye ngokwasengqondweni;
• coma;
• ziyabagulisa (irhashalala, urticaria, nokudumba angioneurotic ukuya).

kubonakaliswa zinqabile, kaninzi kwiimeko apho sokugonya yanikwa ngexesha ephosakeleyo, okanye ukuba kukho Izimo ecacileyo kuyo.

Ukusabela kwi site inaliti ngqo

Kukho iziphumo yasekuhlaleni Dube. reactions Ezingalunganga emva ukuxhaswa isitofu inokuchazwa kwinkangeleko itywina kuyo inaliti. zone kakhulu wayedla iyaphuphuma kancinci, isikhumba kuthatha phezu nombala obomvu, uqala ukubonisa intlungu unika umntwana ngokuphazamisa mkhulu. Itakane awukwazi ukulala, njalo ukuzama ukuchukumisa inxeba, ekhala. Abazali ukuziyela ingqalelo ngetywina enjalo, nangona kunjalo, ubukho ezi mpawu umntwana kufuneka anikwe i-arhente antipyretic, leyo Unako nokunciphisa intlungu.

nonkonkonko

Abazali abaninzi bakhathazeke ukuba umntwana wabo emva kokuba Dube abagulayo okanye uya kufumana ubuhlungu. Kaloku, kusenokwenzeka, kodwa kufuneka uqonde ukuba yintoni na kwelinye icala isikali. Yintoni ekoyikisa kakhulu: into efana DPT (isitofu)? Lobushushu, iintlungu, sivumelane yethutyana? Okanye iingxaki ezibangelwa sesinye sezifo embi ezonakalisa impilo yosana ubomi?

Ngoko ke, makhe sithethe izifo apho eli yeza wenzelwe ukukhusela umntwana wakho. Enye yezinto ezinzima yezi unkonkonko. iimpawu zayo luphawu na kowomileyo, ukhohlokhohlo rhoqo, iimpumlo luncinane esihambisayo ngexa leentsku ezimbalwa ukugula, ukunyuka okungephi lobushushu emzimbeni. Njengoko ixesha iqhubeka unkonkonko, akanako ukukhohlela baba rhoqo ngakumbi, ekhatshwa inkantsi kunye nobunzima uphefumlayo. ukonakala Peak akhawunti iintsuku 15-20 emva kokuqala kwekhefu lokugula. Wahlulwe iintlobo ezintathu ezingundoqo pertussis:

1. Easy. Isigulane ngenkankulu avakalelwa utshintsho kwimeko yayo. Malunga ukugula ziyindawo ekhohlela eqhelekileyo ezinqabileyo (hayi izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwama-15 ngosuku), ukuba ngaba ziyaphazamisana umntwana ubomi eziqhelekileyo.
2. I-avareji. Isigulane laziwa ngokuba ukungabi namdla, ugwayi. Lo mntwana uba ecubhukile, ngababuthuntu ezicothayo. Vela rales emiphungeni, unako kuphawulwa fever, ukhohlokhohlo ngakumbi bexambulisana (amaxesha ukuya ku-30 ngosuku).
3. Enzima. Kukho ubushushu eliphezulu lobushushu. Isigulana phantse awukwazi ukulala kwaye nochuku kakhulu. Phakathi iimpawu zangaphandle ezabelwe pallor yesikhumba, imbonakalo nokudumba. Ezikwenza ekhohlela inokuba namandla kakhulu ukuba usana ukuya amaxesha-50 ngosuku, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuhlwa kunye ebusuku, lo gama kukho kukwaphula umsebenzi yokuphefumla bakubona ukopha kunye nokugabha. Kusenokubakho ukuchama ngokuzenzekelayo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, esi sifo kosuku ephilisa ngolonwabo, kodwa abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye abhalwe rhoqo kunye iingxaki. Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokuba unkonkonko inokuphuhlisa inyumoniya, unditsho, ukonakala kwengqondo, nkqu nokufa. Njengoko ubona, basabela emva DPT - itywina, umkhuhlane kunye nokulahlekelwa wokutya - baloo ezimbi kunokwenzeka.

umphimbo

Enye sifo eyenza sokugonya, a ukubola komqala. Esi sifo sisasazwa ngamathontsi emoyeni, oko luphawulwa ukunxila yomeleleyo eziphilayo kunye nefuthe elibi izifo luvo, imithambo kunye nenkqubo intliziyo. Ngexesha i iimpawu ukugula iphawulwe ezifana kudumba zomqala kwingqula, nkovu node ukukhula. Kwezinye iimeko, ukukhubazeka kunokwenzeka nokuphazamiseka enyama yangaphakathi, laziwa kunye nokufa. Phambi ugonyo mass of ukubola komqala waphawulwa inani elikhulu yokufa. Unyango kwesifo oluqhutywa kwisibhedlele izifo ezosulelayo, babuchaphazela ngokuxhomekeke umntwana ngabodwa enyanzelekileyo. Emva Dube, qiniseka ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo wosana nxamnye ukubola komqala.

ngqi

Ngqi - owesithathu, kodwa akukho sifo akanangozi, nto leyo ukuthintela umntwana emva Dube. Igciwane ezibangela izifo ezifanayo, faka emzimbeni isenokungena emanxebeni usana kunye amanxeba ukuba ungafumana ngenxa yokuba edlala ngaphandle, ngaphakathi. Ngu iimpawu ngqi zezi umkhuhlane omkhulu, ukubila, aqaqambayo yobuso kunye nomzimba. Lidla sivame iingxaki ezahlukeneyo - kunokuba isiqaqa, ukufa, ukukhubazeka sokuphefumla. Oko kunokuthintela isifo esebenzisa zisigonyelwe. imiphumela ugonyo zincinane xa kuthelekiswa nezo iziphumo ngqi sifo.

Izimo enemiqathango kunye ingundoqo

Kwezinye iimeko, ayikhuthazwa tu into yokuba zigonywe Dube? Izimo zikhona. Kwaye bamelwe kukuyazi. Abanye kubo bangamalungu ukuya ngqo, omnye uthathwa mda. Ngenxa yoko, i-transfer kufuneka icwangciswe ugonyo xa kuthe yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

1. Gciwane. Ukuba nangawuphi na umzuzu umntwana wakho uyagula, ngesiganeko ufuna ukuthumela. Ixesha apho kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukufuduka, ngokuxhomekeke nobungozi besi sifo kunye nezincomo kagqirha.
2. Uxinezeleko. Ukuba umntwana wakho okwangoku kwimo ntshikilelo, ngoku ixhalabele isiganeko eninzi kunene, hambisa angagonywa iintsuku ezimbalwa.
3. Ithuba nokoyika sisifo esingapheliyo. Ukuba umntwana wakho unale nasiphi isigulo noluqhutywa okoko, ithuba exacerbation yalo umqondiso ukususa Dube gonyo ngokungenammiselo.

Ezinye iimpawu i contraindication ngokupheleleyo ukuba lugonyo enjalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, olo lwazi kuvumela ukuba udokotela, kodwa abazali kufuneka kwakhona ilifa data efanayo. Ngokuyintloko, le ziquka:

• izifo luvo;
• aleji kumacandelwana ifakiwe isitofu;
• indlela okubi ugonyo ezidlulileyo;
• inkqubo ebuthathaka omzimba, isifo esichaphazela amajoni omzimba wosana;
• unkonkonko.

ADSM - enye Dube

Ukuba ufuna ukwenza umntwana wakho zigonywe Dube, Izimo apho kukho, zama inguqulelo lite kuyo, ADSM. Ngoko ke ukukhusela impilo yomntwana kunye ukunciphisa ingozi kubunzima kunokwenzeka. Loo ugonyo kusetyenziswa xa usana eyi-4 ubudala. Zithako iquka la macandelo mabini kuphela, oko yenzelwe ukumelana ukubola komqala nominxano - yingozi izifo ezidla kukhokelela ekufeni. ADSM lineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa, ngokususa licandelo elijongene zokuzikhusela pertussis. Kudla ngokuthi umntwana ekuqaleni ngokuzitofela Dube. Ugonyo, ifiva, abadala namachiza okanye nezidlo zibonisa ukuba kwakhona emnweni ye lokugonya efanayo iya kukhuseleka umntwana. Kulo mzekelo, kwakhona ugonyo-yenziwa ngaphandle candelo pertussis le.

Kweyiphi kunjalo, kufuneka kwidilesi kwagqirha?

Baby emva DTP uzive ngababuthuntu, ediniwe kwaye uyagula? Musa ukuphaphazela, kodwa kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ezinye iimpawu. Ngoko ke, udibane nogqirha wakho akumelanga ukuba kunjalo:

1. Ubushushu elibekwe ngaphezu kwama- 39, akayi kuyaphula yaye yabamba ixesha elide kakhulu.
2. Kukho kuye baqiniswa okanye evela kwi ukumiswa kwetyala lukarhulumente bomkhuhlane.
3. Ukuphuhlisa hypotension (uphefumla ngokukhawuleza, cyanosis kwesikhumba). Le meko ithatha iiyure ngokuqhelekileyo hayi ngaphezulu kwe-6.
4. Kukho iingxaki ucaca-luvo.

Ukuba babhiyozela emva itywina ubungakanani obuncinane Dube, iqondo eliphakathi kunye nomntwana bedanduluka, loo nto ayithethi ukuba umntu kufuneka ningankwantyi kwaye unexhala. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inkoliso iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinyamalale usuku nje olunye, ubukela nje usana kunye nomonde. Ukuba ucinga ukuba impilo yosana lwakho emngciphekweni, zama ukubona yincutshe.

Wokulungiselela Isigaba phambi Ukuchumisa

Imithi emihle ukuba ihambo yabo izicwangciso kwangaphambili, khansela, kwaye pre-awazilungisela abo, xa kukho imfuneko. Kwiintsuku ezimbini phambi kokuba ulawulo lokugonya kufuneka ukuba uqale ukuthatha i-amayeza antihistamine (ikhusela umzimba reactions kunokwenzeka ziyabagulisa). Ngokukhawuleza emva Ukuchumisa, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ezibonisa ezimbi, itakane kufuneka anike antipyretic. Gcina iso yokuziphatha komntwana kwaye iqondo layo, ukuba kukho imfuneko, kuya kufuneka ukuba usebenzise ngethamo lokomeleza beziyobisi (ingakumbi wenene ngokuhlwa, ngaphambi ukulala ebusuku leyo). amanyathelo yakho elandelayo kufuneka zisekelwe algorithm ilandelayo:

1. Ngosuku lokuqala emva kogonyo - ukusuka ku-1 ukuya kwelesi-3 amakhandlela antipyretic (kusasa, lunch ebusuku), antihistamines (kanye ngosuku).
2. Ngosuku lwesibini - 1 amakhandlela antipyretic phambi amaqondo obushushu, musa ukusebenzisa iziyobisi kwezinye iimeko, antihistamines kufuneka kuthathwe.
3. Ngosuku lwesithathu - unyango olulodwa kungeyomfuneko ukuba usana iphawulwe fever, biza ugqirha ukufumanisa unobangela izifo.

Indlela ukukhetha lobushushu lunyango

DTP ugonyo kukuba abantwana badla kunye nesohlwayo. Akukho mfuneko ukuba woyike, nayiphi na impendulo ibonisa ukuba kukho ukusekwa sifo. Ukuthintela iingxaki kunokwenzeka, unike umntwana wakho leswaku ku fever, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba iimpawu zesifo umkhuhlane. Abazali abaninzi uyazibuza: "Indlela ukukhetha indlela ngayo ngoxa ubushushu kwaye unciphisa intlungu abantwana abanje?" Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uthenge iziyobisi, phawula mpawu zilandelayo:

1. Ifom ye ichiza kufuneka lungqanyaniswe ubudala wosana (kwamakhandlela ukuya kunyaka, isiraphu - for kids abadala kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba amakhandlela kakhulu kangako ukuba bamqumbise i uxabane.).
2. Thenga sisincoko in advance. Kufuneka banikwe phambi uhlaselo reactions ixhala, kungenjalo ithuba inkulu ukuba akukwazi ukuyilawula.
3. Akuvumelekanga ukuba ukusebenzisa iziyobisi "aspirin" ukunciphisa ubushushu womntwana.
4. Alternate amayeza kunye nodweliso lweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo, oko kuyanceda ukuba ligqithe inani eyamkelekileyo imihla ukuze kufikelelwe isiphumo ezinqwenelekayo.
5. Khumbula, kusenokwenzeka ukuba nokuba ugonyo lokuqala lula, isizathu lesibini okanye lesithathu mpawu ezingemnandi.

Qaphela: lobushushu emva Dube idla ithatha imini enye (ubuninzi iintsuku ezimbini). unyango antipyretics lwenziwa iintsuku ezintathu (elona xesha lide ixesha). Ukuba akukwazi ukulawula imeko yempilo umntwana, qiniseka ukuba adibane nogqirha.

Ishedyuli ye-Dube ugonyo

Ukuba ufuna agonye abantwana, ishedyuli lokuphunyezwa yabo ebaluleke gqitha. Ukwakha umzimba esitalini kwizifo ezintathu kuyimfuneko ukuba iqalise le nkqubo ye gonyo izihlandlo ezine. Classic scheme pertussis ukuthintelwa tetanus ukubola komqala iquka ukuqaliswa amathamo kwiikota zilandelayo:

• okwesihlandlo sokuqala - leenyanga ezi-3 emva kokuzalwa;
• ixesha lesibini - iintsuku ezingama-45 emva kokuba unyango lokuqala (okt 4.5 iinyanga);
• okwesithathu - iintsuku ezingama-45 emva kokuba inkqubo yesibini (at kwiinyanga ezi-6);
• ixesha yesine ithathwa booster, ukuba kubanjwe unyaka emva kokuba naliti lesithathu (malunga iinyanga ezili-18).

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ukuze kwakhiwe okukwazi zezona ugonyo ezimbini zokugqibela. Xa umntwana esoloko ekhula, uya kuba nje ezimbalwa iziganeko ezinjalo - 6 no-14. Ukuba nangasiphi na isizathu akavumelekanga ukuba enze ugonyo enjalo ishedyuli abantwana ugonyo nga nokuxhasa kancinci. Ngoko ke, ngokuphindaphindiweyo iinaliti umbala ukuba akwenziwanga ngendlela Kwimeko yokugula umntwana okanye imeko ekubhekiswa kuyo kuluhlu Izimo. ixesha transfer kwimeko ethile ngalinye ogqitywe wabantwana yokubona umntwana.

Imigomo esikolweni enkulisa yokusebenza afuneka, ukuthumela umntwana kwiziko lemfundo, kufuneka uzilungiselele ngenxa yokuba uza kucelwa ukuba zinike amakhadi zogonyo. Ugonyo kuza kunceda ekukhuseleni usana lwakho unkonkonko, tetanus ukubola komqala xa kwiqela abantwana ngendlela ebanzi, oko kukuthi ummandla ingozi.

nabalingani Foreign DTP

Izigulane ze-DTP ze-Prophylactic zinokuhlulwa kwiindidi ezininzi, oko kukuthi, izitofu zasekhaya kunye nakwamanye amazwe. Abazali banokuzikhethela ukuba yeyiphi indlela yokusebenzisa ukukhusela umntwana wabo kwizifo ezinokwenzeka. Into esandul 'ukugqithiswa kutshanje yiBelgium "Infarics". Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zokugonya kulo mqondiso:

• I-IPV (i-analogue ye-DTP kunye ne-poliomyelitis);
• Ukulungiselela "iPenta" (i-analogue ye-IPV kunye ne-hepatitis B);
• "Hexa" ithetha (i-analog of "Penta" ukulungiselela kunye nosulelo lwe-hemophilic).

Phakathi kwamalungiselelo angaphandle, iingoma "iPentaxim", "iTetraksim", "Hexavac" ziyaziwa. Uluhlu lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugonya, njengomthetho, lufumaneka kumaziko enyango. Nangona kunjalo, kungekudala umntu angenza injenzana yangaphandle kwikliniki yesithili.

Ukuba ungathandabuzeki ngesidingo sokugonywa kwe-DPT, i-pros kunye neqhinga kufuneka lilinganiswe ngokucophelela kwaye kucingisise. Zama ukuthatha indawo yokuqala ingcaciso enyanzeliswa yiingcali, kungekhona abahlobo kunye nabaqhelana nabo. Khumbula, ungesabi ngolu hlobo njengamaqondo atshisayo emva kweDTP: ngaphakathi kwemida engqiqweni, kuthathwa njengendlela eyahlukileyo yokuphendulwa komzimba womntwana kwaye isebenza njengesibonakaliso sokwakhiwa kwe-immununity ekhuselekileyo ekukhuseleni ukukhwehlela, i-tetanus kunye ne-diphtheria. Thatha i-vaccination ngokukhawuleza, oku kuya kunceda ukugcina impilo yabantwana bakho.