Consciousness engabonakali

sazi zonqulo Russian VL. Soloviev kwenye lwezimvo wakhe phezu uhambo wentelekelelo ngaphakathi ingqondo zethu, ukuze sibone kwenzeka ntoni apho. Ngeli hambo umdla kunokubonwa njengoko kuchaziwe kwi baqala kwindlela oluntsonkothileyo ingcamango ngokuthi "amasuntswana ingqondwana" ziyasebenzisana, noqhambuko zombane kwenzeka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho. Noko ke, xa uthelekisa oko kwenzekayo ezingqondweni zethu, ukuze sibona izakhiwo zethu ingqondo, ngoko nangoko kusenokubonakala ngathi ezi iinkqubo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Ivela ku kwizigqibo ezilandelayo VL. Solovyov: "Yintoni niyibonile ngaphandle mkhanyo? Wayeqhele ukubona ubume ingqondo ...., kodwa oku kwakuya kuba iyafana kumfanekiso ukuba elikule mzuzu amele, ngokufuthi ngaphandle kokwazi nantoni na malunga ingqondo kunye ukujikeleza kwemisinga yombane. Ngelo xesha nye yi kuphela uqi wangaphandle, waza wabona ngoko nangoko kulandela ukuba phakathi kwezinto ezimbini akukho singubani ngokusesikweni. " Ngamanye amazwi, ingqondo yoluntu lonke umzimba umatshini kakuhle okuso, kunzima kakhulu amalungiselelo. Ezinye iindawo kulo matshini iqhutywa enye ukuya intshukumo yomzimba, umsebenzi, waba yovakalelo, badle, okuzala. Umzimba nje intshukumo ye mba, kukho izinto compound amasuntswana zibe yinto enye, ngelixa ezingqondweni zethu, iingcinga, ingqondo akanayo engokoqobo.

Esi sigqibo iza dualists, phantsi kwemiba yokuba ingcamango wazalwa engqondweni, kungekhona uhlobo eziphathekayo. Umzekelo, situlo apho kuhlala, eimeet iimpawu ezicacileyo izinto eziphathekayo: sikhundla, imilo kunye nombala. Kunokuba uthinte, ungacinga, hambisa. Umfanekiso kwesitulo oqhubeka ezingqondweni zethu, nkqu ngexesha yokuswela kwakhe ukuqonda ngokoluvo, ayikho into ebonakalayo ngendlela engqongqo. USihlalo yentelekelelo akunakwenzeka ukuziva ngalo izivamvo, va njengendawo yokwenene. Ukongezelela, oko ukuba ukhetha ukwenza, kulula ukuba ndibachithachithe ezingqondweni zethu, ngokungathi kunjalo zange zabakho. Sinako, kwakhona, ukuba oyifunayo, ukwenza utshintsho ezahlukahlukeneyo kumfanekiso ndicinga kwetafile, ukutshintsha imilo yayo, umbala, ngoxa itafile lenene, njengoko isifundo yehlabathi eziphathekayo kuya kubakho utshintsho endaweni yawo, njengoko kungekho manyathelo emzimbeni, akazange eve.

dualists Consciousness ibisoloko kuthathwa njengento liphela, inseverable. Ngaloo ndlela eyahluke ngokomgangatho ukusuka isakhiwo emzimbeni, nto leyo yingqokelela yeenkqubo ngamnye nokomzimba. Ubuchopho ibhaqa imiba ethile yobukho yangaphandle, bengasenasazela umanyanisa data evela yobuchopho lonke ekumitheni evumelanayo ehlabathini. Le ndlela iquka iindawo ezahlukeneyo, kufuneka ayenantliziyo-nye, ukuze ukunika umsebenzi wakhe ngendlela ethile, ukufumanisa iinjongo kunye neenjongo. Ukuba ukwazi sele umgaqo onjalo munye, kuyimfuneko lokuqinisekisa umanyano ubomi yengqondo. Ngaphandle bunye ingqondo yethu ibiya kuba isixa ngamava, onganxulumananga, ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uchake ubuntu bethu. Ngelo xesha siyabona ukuba into olupheleleyo ngokomoya, subordinated kumyolelo elinye kunye nesizathu. "Ubomi Psychic, - wathi SL Frank - alumelanga umatshini okanye oluntsonkothileyo eyahlukileyo nesenzeko ngengqondo nokuba iinkqubo. Ngoko, kwelinye icala, ezinye umanyano zaseprayimari indecomposable. "

Ngokutsho dualists, ingqondo yomntu ayikho inkqubo self-elawula kwaye kufuneka ube uyilo engabonakaliyo komsebenzi, ukuqinisekisa umanyano umsebenzi wakhe. Kuyinto ngenxa kwabo imisebenzi ungaphinda ukuqaphela nobomi bethu yonke yengqondo azitshintshanga. UNjingalwazi sengqondo McDougall wabhala kulo mba: "Into ubuntu izangoma ... .. lungenakuqondeka .... ngaphandle postulating isiseko womanyano, nto leyo umzimba eziphathekayo okanye ingqondo. " sokusebenza IsiNgesi Charles Sherrington kumanqaku yakhe ibango ukuba "umgaqo izangoma", edulusele ngaphandle kwethu, usebenze iindlela ingqondo. INtloko yeSebe Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania Eisley ukholelwa ukuba "kukho into yokomoya kufuneka akhokele uphuhliso ingqondo." Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngokusekelwe ngezityholo ezifanayo kwemizimba yenzululwazi, kunokwenzeka lokubonisa ubukho umphefumlo superphysical yeengcingane, ngaphandle apho isazisi esipheleleyo se wamitha. Ubuncinane, iqela lezazinzulu, ngabom okanye engaqondanga, eze kweso sigqibo. ngumphandi Australian entsimini neurophysiology Kyubi ukubeka ngokucacileyo ubukho umoya ezingaphathekiyo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza lokuqonda kweengcinga zabantu. Iyaziwa ngexesha ISAZINZULU-vitalist, uNjingalwazi Driesch, wathi "-arhente ezibalulekileyo unoxanduva lokuqulunqa umzimba - le-arhente ababambeleyo kwisithuba nokuba ibe sisiqalo kwi amasuntswana Mba arhente ukusebenza emajukujukwini, ukuba kuyavumeleka ukuba zidliwe eli binzana ngamazwi. " Ukuba le "arhente" self-eyaneleyo ngokusesikweni ngaphandle indawo zethu zendalo, kwimeko yokufa, ke kufuneka nabo baye baye emajukujukwini, nto leyo eneneni kububungqina yokungafi umoya. UNjingalwazi McDougall siyayichaza isakhiwo esithile sokomoya ukuba akukho iimpawu lweendawo kodwa, nangona kunjalo, unempembelelo ngalo mba.

Abaxhasi ingqikelelo "immateriality osezingqondweni" cela physiologists, "zibonisa njani thina, bengasenasazela can be yenziwe yi ingqondo okomhlonyane, umzekelo, isibindi?" Ngokwembono yabo, kuphosakele ukubiza impahla sezingqondweni ebuchotsheni. Kwihlabathi izinto yonke into anayo iipropati: umbala, ivumba, imilo. Ngelo xesha, iingcinga zethu akukho umbala, akukho imilo, akukho ivumba. Thought ongasoze afe, asikwazi va ubunzima okanye ivumba. kanye Ingcinga, ngokutsho A.Menya, "akunakwenzeka ukuba babefuna athabathe" okanye ukubhalisa umxholo wayo usebenzisa nasiphi na isixhobo. Umzekelo, usebenzisa EEG amandla kungaba ukubhalisa oscillations eziveliswa ebuchotsheni. Noko ke, besebenzisa akunakwenzeka ukuba ukuqonda "ifleshi lokuqonda." ugesi ezibangelwa umsebenzi ingqondo, yinkqubo komzimba, kwaye intshukumo engqondweni yinkqubo zohlobo olwahlukileyo. Ngoko, naziphi na izixhobo zale mihla super-enamandla, ekwaziyo ukuba angene nokuba ihlabathi engabonakaliyo molekyuli, akunakwenzeka ukuba "ukubamba" ingcamango, ukubona inkqubo wokuzalwa kwakhe, ukuba bachaze ubume izimvo. Malunga nakwenzeka kwingqiqo yethu yokucinga esebenzisa iindlela yendalo nithi neurophysiologist American P. Bailey, ngubani enkomfeni ngexesha ukuba "akukho ilungelo lokuphicotha psyche esebenzisa zomzimba." Le mbono inye sigcinwa kwezinye yesazi Charles Sherrington. Isazinzulu IsiNgesi Kyubi wayekholelwa ukuba ukwazi yinto ucaphulo yaye akanakuba na into yesifundo lwenzululwazi. "