Caves Russia, nto bayiyo

Caves - a emigodini zendalo, angabi nemingxuma namaqula ezivelayo iliwa inxenye emanzini. Baye imida ecacileyo kunye neengqameko ezinamatye akhiwa ngenxa ngetshokwe lekalika. Ezikwiingingqi apho ebusika obubandayo, umoya obandayo ongena emqolombeni kukho elingakhuliyo, ngoko nkqu ehlotyeni iqondo lobushushu umoya sisondele zero. Kwaye ezindongeni kunye nophahla bakha uqweqwe obandayo, stalactite kunye ne stalacmites. Kungur Ice Cave, ibekwe kummandla Perm, enye edume kakhulu futhi inkulu nemiqolomba Russian, ihamba ubude phantse emithandathu leekhilomitha. Ibekwe ngaphakathi kwentaba enomkhenkce phezu kodonga lasekunene Sylva lomlambo.

Apho emiqolombeni kwakhiwa overlie ezifana rocks ezifana lekalika kunye gypsum, itshokhwe, dolomite naziiperile, kunye netyuwa. Kukho amanzi emvula ngokwaneleyo nokuphakama. Caves luqulathe nkqo izikhewu, amaqula, emigodini, iindinyana bathanda, nasezimfanteni, iiholo kunye labyrinths. Ezindongeni kunye iisilingi ukuhlangabezana stalagnates, stalacmites, amaqhwa, amathontsi sinter-ibunjiwe helictites capillary inwebu, kunye crystallictites corallites. Xa Basezinzulwini emiqolombeni aqukuqela imilambo komhlaba, iingxangxasi, amachibi akhekha "zaberegami" sithi ndijonge. Kuba emiqolombeni lubonakala ngokuba microclimate okhethekileyo. Ngoko-ebizwa speleofauna ngenxa yokungabikho kwelanga kunye xi ophezulu carbon dioxide. lobushushu lomoya ngaphakathi rhoqo silingana kobushushu kummandla apho ezikufutshane.

Kumazantsi ye phambene Mountains, ngomhla ummandla Bashkortostan, kukho umqolomba Shulgan-Tash. Ngowe-1950, i-zakudala A. eSoviet Ryumin wafunda mqolomba. Wafumanisa imizobo esematyeni ukuba malunga nesiqingatha sekhilomitha. zemikhombe Image, mammoths, inyathi kunye namahashe zenziwa kunye imbola. Ogrunjiweyo isidumbu, amathambo ezilwanyana, amalahle ibonisa ukuba kukho abantu abangaphezu elinamine nesiqingatha kwiminyaka engamawaka eyadlulayo. Ngoku ke museum yakhiwe ngaphakathi emqolombeni.

nemiqolomba Russian baninzi. Baya Izakufunyanwa eMpuma Sayan Iintaba kunye namadlelo. Zonke emiqolombeni nedlelo abe ngemvelaphi ngumntu. Phakathi kwinkulungwane elinesibhozo kwezi iindawo wathabatha ilitye zokwakhiwa eMoscow. Ekuhambeni kwexesha elinye uhamba ayaphela, omnye wabumba lweempazamo kunye waphuka. Okwangoku Podmoskovnye emiqolombeni kude igqithe ubude zaseCaucasus. Zitsale abafundi kunye nabakhenkethi. Abantu bazama ukuze ziqhakrazise loo ra hina, apho zokuzalwa, imitshato kunye nezinye nemibhiyozo. ukuziphatha engafanelekanga emhadini ngamanye amaxesha kukhokelela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ngenxa yoku, ekungeneleleni ambiwa kuyo igcwaliswe ngabasemagunyeni.

Kutshanje, emiqolombeni yamawa baqalisa ukuba isetyenziselwe iinjongo amayeza. microclimate labo iipropati yokunyanga kwabagulayo sombefu. Iqondo eliphezulu radioactivity kunye ionization zezulu kwimiqolomba kuba nefuthe kuyingenelo kwi iinkqubo Wayesoyika sentliziyo. Speleoclimatic egumbini lokuqala enakho sanatoriums "Kama" yaye "Malachite" kwi iiholide Ust-Kachka.