Caffeine: ifomula, amayeza, izalathisi, iimpawu

Caffeine, formula eza thaca ingqalelo yakho kwinqaku kukho into efumaneka eliqela zokutya ezimbalwa sidle yonke imihla. tea Green, ikofu, abamnyama iti, "Coca-Cola", itshokolethi, ekoko - zonke ezi iziselo ezithandwayo kunye nokutya ziqulathe isixa esikhulu gqitha kuyo. Yiloo nto ke neziyobisi kunye neziphumo zayo umzimba kufuneka wazi kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Kweli nqaku siza kujonga ntoni caffeine, zonke iipropati zayo neempawu. Ngoko ke, ukuba baye befuna ukufunda okungakumbi ngalo, ngoko eli nqaku ukukunceda.

Caffeine. caffeine ifomula

Abaninzi kuthi zithatha caffeine (ukutya, iziselo). Kwaye yintoni ngokwenene? Ukuthetha ulwimi isayensi, le caffeine - an alkaloid purine, nto leyo ivuselela. Kwindalo, amaxesha amaninzi zifumaneka kwezinye izityalo, ezifana guarana, ikofu, iti, ikoko, cola, iqabane, kunye nabanye.

Inyaniso umdla kakhulu, caffeine yenziweyo izityalo ngasentla ukuze bazikhusele izinambuzane ezitya amagqabi zabo nezikhondo. Kananjalo ikwanceda izityalo ukutsala izinambuzane ukuhlakanipha.

Ifomula chemical caffeine ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: C₈H₁₀N₄O₂.

Ngokuphathelele iimpawu ezibonakalayo caffeine ecocekileyo, le crystalline into eqinileyo, ungabinayo umbala esha. Kwezinye iimeko, caffeine, ifomula leyo thaca ingqalelo yakho kweli nqaku ukuba mhlophe.

Njengoko ivunjululwe caffeine

Yintoni caffeine, sele uyazi. Yaye kubani yaye xa yavulwa? Avulwe usomachiza caffeine Yaduma igama kuFerdinand कार्ड ikhadi. Esi siganeko kwenzeka ngo-1819. Igama "caffeine" njengoko yavela कार्ड ikhadi.

Nangona into yokuba uyaziwa emva ngo-1819 ukuba sazi yonke ifomula caffeine kunye nesakhiwo yayo wafunda ngokugqibeleleyo kuphela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX. UHermann Fischer wenza oko, nayo elibamba into yokuqaphela yokuqala. Ubukhulu becala ngenxa yoku, ngo-1902 i-nzulu waseJamani lafumana ibhaso kakhulu kwihlabathi yenzululwazi, oko kukuthi, i-Nobel Prize.

Ifuthe caffeine emzimbeni womntu

Xa Hit caffeine kumntu okanye isilwanyana, eqalisa ukukhuthaza inkqubo luvo, kunegalelo yokunyusa kwentliziyo, ngenxa yoko, ubume kwakhona dilates imithambo yegazi kwaye eminye imiphumela.

Loo negalelo elikhulu weli emzimbeni womntu kukhokelele ukusetyenziswa kwezi caffeine ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango. Ke kusoloko kufunyanwa kuhlanganiselo amachiza amaninzi intloko, njengoko ngokufuthi lisetyenziswa ivuselela intliziyo. caffeine Okuninzi inceda ukuphelisa nobuthongo nokuphucula ephaphile, mhlawumbi yiloo nto kusasa imini kubantu abaninzi iqala kunye nekomityi yekofu.

Ukusetyenziswa caffeine

Caffeine, iimpawu eziye wafundela ukuba ixesha elide, ifumene isicelo kwiinkalo ezininzi, ingakumbi, lisetyenziswa kushishino yokutya, ingakumbi imveliso iziselo nezihlwahlwazayo namandla. Iyasetyenziswa kakhulu amayeza. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, caffeine lilungu lwamayeza ezahlukeneyo izinto ezahlukeneyo.

impumelelo Omkhulu caffeine amayeza kwezemidlalo. Iimbaleki ezininzi ithathe enyulu iipilisi caffeine, kunye neemveliso caffeine. Kule nkalo, oko exabisekileyo kwindawo yokuqala, ngenxa wesenzo nevuselelayo, kunokuba nempembelelo entle yokusebenza lweembaleki. Ukongeza, caffeine inceda aqhumisele ngcono ngamanqatha, esisetyenziswa kumalungiselelo ezininzi Pharmacology kwezemidlalo, kwaye abaninzi ekunciphiseni umzimba.

Akunakwenzeka kwakhona ukuba uqaphele into yokuba caffeine uyakwazi ukuba iintlungu kakhulu. Uphando lubonise ukuba unyango bezifo yintloko ukusetyenziswa kwale nto likuvumela ukuba wenze ukusebenza amayeza eentlungu nge-40% ngaphezulu.

Maxa wambi caffeine isetyenziselwa iimfuno kwiiyunithi zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa kunye nemikhosi. Umzekelo, kwi-US Army ziquka ukutya ezizodwa ihlafuna caffeine gum. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nje kuphela isetyenziswa ngaphambili kwi-US Army, kwaye iyafumaneka kwi kwimarike free. Kukholelwa ukuba le njengetshungama kunceda ukuze isebenze umzimba, ukuphucula umsebenzi kwentliziyo, alwa nayo somnolence kwaye nezinye iziphumo ezinxulumene caffeine.

Umxholo caffeine ekutyeni

Ikofu neti na isiselo yemveli. Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza apho caffeine: in iti okanye ikofu? Ngaphambi kokuba siphendule lo mbuzo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba okukule caffeine kwikofu kuxhomekeke nje kuphela kuhlobo okuziinkozo, kodwa kwi iqondo kaJohn. Ngokomzekelo, enye ikomityi kweziselo agaye iqulethe malunga 100 - 200 mg caffeine, kanti xa ikomityi nangephanyazo - eli nani linokuba 25 - 170 mg.

Ke apho kukho caffeine ngakumbi iti okanye ikofu? Impendulo izicacele. Enoba kwenzeka ntoni na, xa Ikofu caffeine ngaphezu tea. Ngokomzekelo, enye ikomityi yeti abamnyama iqulethe malunga 15 - 70 mg caffeine, eluhlaza - 25 - 45 mg caffeine, ngoxa ngekomityi yekofu njengoko kukhankanywe ngentla - 25-170 mg.

Khumbula ukuba caffeine uqulathwe nje kuphela iti nekofu, lingabi kwezinye iziselo ezininzi. Ingakumbi zizityebi bonke edume "Coca-Cola". Caffeine ikwafunyanwa itshokolethi kwaye, ngenxa yoko, zonke kutya apho ukuba adle chocolate.

Caffeine: umthamo ekhuselekileyo

Nangona inani elikhulu yeziphumo ezihle, ophethwe into efana caffeine, oko iepigenetics izinga eliphezulu avumelekile. Njengoko izifundo zonyango ezininzi, idosi ekhuselekileyo mihla le caffeine - 400 milligrams ngosuku.

Kakhulu okanye kancinci? kuboniswa Best yimizekelo ezithile. 400 neemiligram caffeine - malunga 3-4 iikomityi zekofu nangoko ngumqulu l 0.25, okanye iikomityi 12-15 leti uhlaza lomqulu. Okanye malunga 5 iilitha "Coca-Cola". Ngoko ke, xa usela iti ngosuku ngakumbi, "Coke" okanye ikofu, wena ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka kwakhona ekudleni kwakho.

Caffeine lofa ukuba athathe usuku ngaphezulu kwe-10 iigrem iziyobisi. Ukuze siqonde ngcono into-10 iigrem caffeine, yiba 120 iinkonkxa yamandla eqhelekileyo, ezifana ezifana "Red Bull", oko kukuthi ufuna kangakanani kusela ukufumana idosi ebulalayo ukwimo.

Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo caffeine, okt milligrams ezingaphezu kwama-400 ngosuku ikhokelele kwinani lweziqhamo mnandi kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, abanye babo babe iingxaki ngentliziyo, isimo ukonakala, kunye nezinye. yedosi Ingakumbi ngokugqithiseleyo caffeine kuyingozi ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye phindeke, apho inani eliphezulu caffeine ngosuku 200 mg.

Xa caffeine kungcono ukuba asebenzise

Ekubeni caffeine leyo ivuselela yaye unamandla kakhulu kukodwa wehlelwa ziziphumo ezahlukeneyo, kukho iqela labantu, lowo ulungileyo ayeke ekusetyenzisweni kwale kweziyobisi kunye iimveliso eziqulathe ngayo. Phakathi kwabantu enjalo ifanele ingakumbi ukuphawula sokulibala, yegazi, izifo ezinxulumene nenkqubo sentliziyo, kwakunye excitability ukwanda.

"Caffeine-Sodium benzoate": imiyalelo yokusebenzisa

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, caffeine lisetyenziswa kwi kwezonyango njengoko lineziphumo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo kunye neepropati ukuba unako ukumelana neengxaki ezininzi. Enye imveliso athandwa kakhulu caffeine yi "benzoate caffeine sodium", imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa eya kuqwalaselwa yi kuthi ngakumbi. Yena unako ukunceda neengxaki ezahlukeneyo kunye nezifo.

Izenzo kwemithi. Ngu imiphumela yayo amayeza beziyobisi "sodium benzoate Kofeni" ifana ngokupheleleyo caffeine.

Isicelo. Isetyenziswa iziyobisi esebenzayo zezigulo ezifana ukusilela kwinkqubo sentliziyo, central system uxinezeleko luvo, kwakunye nazo zonke iintlobo kweziyobisi ityhefu. Ukongeza, ichiza ingasetyenziswa xa iingxaki nobuthongo, xa enuresis ebantwaneni, kwakunye nemfuneko ukuphucula intsebenzo engqondweni nasemzimbeni.

iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga caffeine. Njengoko namanye amayeza ezininzi, "caffeine sodium benzoate" kukho inani yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Phakathi kwabo kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuxhalaba ngokugqithiseleyo, ulale kunokwenzeka disorder nako kwenzeka tachycardia, isicaphucaphu nokugabha.

Kwimeko ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide ichiza kuyenzeka noko iziyobisi kunye ngokubanzi caffeine kumachiza kunye nokutya.

Iimpawu. Kubalulekile ukuba ihlale engqondweni into yokuba xa benikwa "caffeine-sodium benzoate" exposure kuxhomekeke kudidi lwe-nervous system yabantu, kwaye ibonakalaliswe ngokohlobo excitation, kwaye ngendlela yokusebenza yayo unyathela.

kukutya kakhulu amachiza ngexesha bekhulelwe kungakhokelela ukuqhomfa zidityaniswe, kwakunye yokukhula kancinane ezingekazalwa, kwaye kwiintlobo ngeentlobo ukuphazamiseka ezinxulumene umzimba wakhe. Kungenxa yoko le nto, "caffeine sodium benzoate" akukhuthazwa ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukuyisebenzisa.

Kwakhona sithetha kucetyiswa ukuba ulithabathe ngaphambi kokuba alale, yaye nayiphi na imeko ukuba ziphazamise ulwamkelo iresiphi.

Intsebenziswano kunye namanye amachiza

Xa usebenzisa 'caffeine-sodium benzoate' kubanjiswene namanye hypnotics okanye Narcotics, uyakwazi ukunciphisa ifuthe lazo.

Kwimeko ukusetyenziswa ngokuhlangeneyo kunye estrogen kunokwandisa ukusebenza kunye isongezo neziphumo caffeine emzimbeni womntu.

Kwakhona, caffeine, xa esetyenziswa kunye ergotamine kwandisa izinga ukufunxeka kwayo.

libanda

An libanda caffeine kudla kunye ezahlukeneyo yeziphumo, kuquka ixhaphakileyo: landa ixhala, lubandakanywe nezenzo intloko ebuhlungu, besspokoystvo, kusenokubakho iingxaki kunye ezingqondweni, yimbonakalo ukudideka kunye nezinye iingxaki.

Ukuba ezisanda kuzalwa caffeine igazi xi kune-50 mg / ml, oku kunokukhokelela iintlobo lweziphumo zinetyhefu, nto leyo enokubandakanya tachypnea, lafa, tachycardia. Kwimeko apho ingqalelo ngakumbi ukuze kwenzeke amahlaba.

ngenxa

Caffeine lulwelo ukuba inani elikhulu kakhulu iipropati ezahlukeneyo kunye neziphumo, nto leyo eyenza kube ithandwa kakhulu amayeza kunye nokutya loshishino. Abantu abaninzi phantse yonke imihla kudla isixa esithile caffeine ngenxa yeti, ikofu, itshokolethi okanye ezinye iziselo nezihlwahlwazayo. Caffeine ngokwakho kunemiphumela ezininzi entle emzimbeni, kuquka nokukhuthaza inkqubo luvo, ukwandisa umsebenzi intliziyo, nobuthongo ekulweni kunye nenani nezinye. Nangona kunjalo, ukwanda idosi ekhuselekileyo yemihla ngemihla ka-400 mg caffeine ngosuku, oko kubangele iintlobo ezininzi iingxaki zempilo kunye nokufa, kwimeko ukusetyenziswa kwe-10 grams izinto ngosuku.