Battery circuit yokutshaja kunye nokusebenza

na njani ibhetri yokutshaja iwonga? Le nkqubo yale isixhobo nzima okanye hayi, ukuze ukwenza icebo ngezandla zakho? Ngaba umgaqo Charger ibhetri imoto kuloo isetyenziselwa mobile phones? Yonke imibuzo sizama ukuphendula kamva kweli nqaku.

Overview

Ibhetri idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni izixhobo, iindibano kunye neendlela, apho umbane eziyimfuneko. Umzekelo, izithuthi kuyanceda ukuba ukuqalisa injini umatshini. A iibhetri iselula ukuvumela ukuba benze iminxeba.

Ukutshaja ibhetri, beesekethe kunye nemigaqo zokusebenza isixhobo zithathwa, nkqu ngexesha physics zesikolo. Kodwa ke, yeha, kufuneka ukuba ndinikhululele ezininzi kwezi zakhono kufuneka ixesha ukulibala. Ngoko ukuwa bakhumbula ukuba ubomi bebhetri zisekelwe kumgaqo ingenzeka le ombane (enokubakho) umahluko phakathi amacwecwe amabini, ezo ingakumbi sokuvalwa isisombululo electrolyte.

Ibhetri lokuqala zazilubhedu-zinc. Kodwa ukuba ngcono kakhulu kwaye isebenzisa ukususela ngoko.

kanjani ibhetri

Le nto ibonakala kuphela kuso nasiphi na isixhobo - izindlu. Inika commonality kunye ingqibelelo noshowo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba igama "ibhetri" linokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo iseli ibhetri enye kuphela (zibizwa iibhanki), kwaye enye ibhetri yemoto ku-12 kwezingama abathandathu.

Buyela umzimba. Ukuze ufake phambili iimfuno engqongqo. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ube:

• ukumelana kwiiarhente yemichiza banqande;
• enako ukugqithisa iinguqulelo lobushushu kakhulu;
• na umsebenzi olungileyo ukumelana lokungcangcazela.

Zonke ezi mfuno nazo izinto zokwenziwa - ezinepolypropylene. Okunye iiyantlukwano eneenkcukacha kufuneka yabelwe kuphela xa usebenza imizekelo eziphathekayo.

isimiso ukusebenza

Ngokomzekelo, siqwalasela neebhetri abakhokelayo-asidi.

Xa kukho umthwalo kwi-terminal, iqala ngumbala yemichiza siphelekwa ukukhululwa umbane. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo ibhetri uphumile. Kwaye ayabuya? Ingaba kukho isekethe elula?

Ukutshaja ibhetri ayikho into esintsonkothileyo. Kuyimfuneko ukuphumeza inkqubo reverse - lombane nakwesiphi iiclamps, ekudibaneni kwemichiza kwenzeka kwakhona (izakugcinwa eliphambili ecocekileyo), nto leyo kwixesha elizayo kuya kuvumela ukusebenzisa ibhetri.

Kwakhona kwandisa kwenzeka ngexesha kokuxhuzulwa lexinene i electrolyte. Ngenxa yoko, ibhetri kwakhona iipropati kokuqala. Ababelungile ubuchwepheshe kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswa imveliso, nesigxina / obhobhozayo imijikelo ngakumbi Ibhetri ukumelana.

Yintoni schemes abize zombane zikhona

Isixhobo classic senziwe rectifier kunye sombane. Xa siqwalasela onke ibhetri yemoto efanayo amandla ombane ayi-12 V, ngoko imali kubo babe current rhoqo malunga 14 V.

Kutheni kunjalo? Le ombane kuyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ngoku ndikwazi ukuya ngokusebenzisa ibhetri yemoto ingatshintshwanga. Ukuba 12, ifowuni amandla efanayo ukumnceda awukwazi, ngoko, uthabathe inani eliphezulu. Kodwa yonke into kufuneka ukwazi nini ukuze ayeke ukuba kakhulu yenyuse i ombane, kuya kuba yingozi kubomi kwefowuni.

Ngoko ke ukuba ufuna ukwenza icebo ngezandla zenu, kuyimfuneko ukuba koomatshini ukuba bafune ubuqili efanelekileyo zibiza iibhetri imoto. Oku kusebenza kwezinye izixhobo. Ukuba ufuna i circuit yokutshaja ibhetri Li-Ion, ngoko kufuneka kubekho isixhobo ku-4 okanye ngaphezulu.

isenzo

Masithi ukuba ibhetri circuit yokutshaja yomvelisi, leyo ziqokelelwe kwisixhobo. Ibhetri adityaniswe ngoko nangoko uqale inkqubo yokubuyisa ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo. Njengoko flow yayo iya kwandisa uxhathiso yangaphakathi ifowuni. Kunye naye uya kuwa yangoku yokutshaja.

Xa ombane lisondela ixabiso eliphezulu kunokwenzeka, le nkqubo iye ngokubonakalayo lungenzeki. Oku kubonisa ukuba icebo ngempumelelo imali kwaye kube icinyiwe.

amacebiso kwezobuchwepheshe

Qinisekisa ukuba yangoku ibhetri% 10 kuphela umthamo wayo. Kwaye ayikhuthazwa okanye ngaphezulu eli nani, okanye yokunciphisa loo nto. Ngoko ke, ukuba uhamba endleleni phambi kokuba, ukuba uya kuqalisa umphunga electrolyte, nto leyo echaphazela kakhulu ubuninzi umthamo ukugcinwa kunye nobomi bebhetri. Kule yesibini indlela iinkqubo eziyimfuneko akuyi kwenzeka kwi ngobunzulu efunekayo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba iinkqubo ezimbi kuqhubeka, nangona kangangoko engaphantsi.

ugcwalisa

Uchaza isixhobo unako ukuthenga okanye ukwakha ngezandla zabo. Kuba yesibini ukhetho, kufuneka scheme womserbia zombane. Ukhetho lobugcisa, apho kuya kwenziwa, kufuneka kwenzeka kungakhathaliseki ukuba uhlobo iibhetri zezona kujoliswe kuko. Kufuneka la macandelo:

1. limiter Current (yakhiwe kwi capacitors zokulinganisa kunye transformer). Lo mzobo ezinkulu ziya kuba nako ukufikelela, kokukhona uya kuba ixabiso yangoku. Ngokubanzi, le ntlawulo ifanele ibe ngokwaneleyo. Kodwa nantsi ukuthembeka ifowuni liphantsi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba ungumgqithi abafowunelwa okanye into ukuxuba, ngoko ke sombane kunye capacitors wangenwa yintaka.
2. Ukukhusela iindibaniso kwi kwimeko "kungekhona abo" nezibonda. Ukuze wenze oku, sinako akhe relay. Ngoko ke, lo tie enemiqathango esekelwe diode. Ukuba ukubaphazamisa udibanisa kunye lokucutha, akuyi ukuphatha yangoku. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba ebotshelelwe relay, siya de-amandla. Ngaphezu koko, eli cebo ingasetyenziswa kunye nefowuni, ngokusekelwe kunye thyristors, kunye transistors. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqhagamshela iingcingo ukwahlukana, ngawo ngokwawo idityaniswe kwitshaja nebhetri.
3. Ukufunyanwa okuzenzekelayo, ekufuneka babe isigxina ibhetri. Iskim kulo mzekelo kukuqinisekisa ukuba ifowuni iya kusebenza kuphela xa oku ngokwenene imfuneko. Ukwenza oku nge le resistors kuyahlukahlukana ukulawula umbundu diode. Kukholelwa ukuba neebhetri 12 bakwimeko ngokupheleleyo xa ingcinezelo yabo phakathi 12.8 V. Ngoko ke, eli nani inqweneleka kule sikim.

isiphelo

Ngoko wajonga oko ibhetri ukutshaja. Ukujikeleza kwelicebo kuyilwa ebhodini enye, kodwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kunzima kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba zenziwe lamanqanaba.

Njengenxenye inqaku ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo zanikezelwa iingqiqo ezahlukeneyo ezenza kucace ngayo, enyanisweni, kukho womserbia ibhetri. Kodwa kufuneka siqonde ukuba oku kuphela umfanekiso ngokubanzi, ngakumbi iinkcukacha, kunye ezibonisa ekudibaneni kwemichiza, ngaba ekhethekileyo kuhlobo ngalunye ibhetri.