Aram Ilich Hachaturyan: ibhayografi umqambi, ingakumbi izibakala zobuchule kunye umdla

Malunga umntu siyazi njengomnye abaqambi zezona ngcali zinetalente imisebenzi ziyahlonelwa umculo-zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini. igama lakhe yaziwa ukuba phantse bonke, hayi bavale wadibana umculo, kunye wemisebenzi yakhe lwenziwa kwiiholo ekonsathini. Kwaye nangona umhla wokufa kwakhe eye phantse iminyaka engama-40, umculo wakhe namhlanje izandi eshukumayo, kumabonwakude yaye kwiinkqubo zikanomathotholo. Ngoko ke, iqhawe le ncwadi - Aram Khachaturyan biography leyo ngumzekelo obalaseleyo wendlela inkwenkwana eqhelekileyo ukususela ledlelo Tiflis sibe umntu kangaka kakuhle edumileyo.

kwiminyaka yokuqala umqambi enkulu

Juni 6, 1903 kwintsapho enkulu Armenian ye unyana wesine kwazalwa, ngubani ogama Aram. Kwathi kwidolophana Kojori ngoku - kwisithili Gardabani, ihlomela-Tiflis (Tbilisi) eGeorgia. Abazali bakhe Kumash Sarkisovna (unina) kunye Iliya (Yeghia) Khachaturian (utata), esebenza njenge bookbinder.

Ukususela kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi bakhe badumisa lomculo Aram Khachaturian omncinane, ogama engobomi ifundwa kunye nomdla ngabantu abane sinexhala waliphulaphula yonke ingqalelo amanqaku akhe. Kwigumbi lesikolo kuluvuyo olukhulu idlala elikhulu lebhasi, uphondo kunye nepiyano. Amaxesha amaninzi lo mfana udunyiswa indumiso. Kamva Wakhumbula ukuba ukuzalwa kwihlomela-Tbilisi endala - umculo, afana imangalisayo umzi - kwaba nje akunakwenzeka ukumamkela umlingo umculo.

Kodwa abazali bacinga ukuba abantwana babo kufuneka sizibandakanye kukho umbandela onzulu, ngoko nomsetyenzana bohluke kakhulu. Ukufunda umculo kwi isikali apho awayecinga ukuba kunokwenzeka kuphela kweminyaka eli-19.

Ukuvela Khachaturian young

Kuba umqambi elizayo kwakuya ebaluleke kakhulu e Tbilisi opera Italian ekungqungqeni, isikolo umculo kunye Russian Musical Society. Kulo mzi weza Sergei Rachmaninov kunye Feodor Chaliapin. Kwakukho iimvumi nesiphiwo ngelo xesha yakwazi ukwenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lwezikolo abaqambi e Georgia and Armenia.

Konke oku yacebisa yokuqala zokuvuma umfana.

Khachaturian, ogama biography na ingqalelo obungasifanelanga, ithathe imvakalozwi "isipha" ezahlukahlukeneyo, nto leyo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kakhulu zigxile kumava akhe eziviwayo. Yiyo le "isipha" wawayekela eminyaka kamva zange kuphelela ngaphakathi kazwelonke. Umculo ibisoloko bayiphosa ilothe kubaphulaphuli enkulu. Ewe, akazange abonise iintsilelo ukuzeyisa yesizwe Aram Khachaturian. Biography, ehamba indlela ukusuka kwidolophana encinane, ngoku ekuqaleni ukuze kukhanye ngakumbi nangakumbi imibala ezintsha. Umqambi enkulu Future wayenomdla umculo lwezizwana ezahlukahlukeneyo, ukuphatha kunye ntlonipho. Loo Ukusebenzisana waye inkalo ephambili kwimbonakalo kwaye isebenza Arama Hachaturyana.

iindonga Native "Gnesinka"

Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba umqambi qwa ngubani na owadala rhapsodies ezininzi, ama, symphony kunye neminye imisebenzi, wafunda notation emculweni engama-19 kuphela ubudala. Kweli xesha ubomi bakhe kunye nabanye abantu bakubo weza eMoscow bangena Musical College Gnesin udidi cello. Ngelo xesha wafumana imfundo sebhayoloji (Physics and Mathematics Faculty) eYunivesithi Moscow.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha ingxelo Aram Ilich Hachaturyan, Biography eyaqala ukukhula kunye izibakala ezintsha ukuba akwazi ukwenza into amkhumbula kuphuhliso yakhe zomculo. Waqala kuphela uqeqesho, kodwa abe ngomnye wabafundi kakhulu. Ukongeza, waphumelela ilungelo lokuthetha kwi eekonsathi abanye abafundi 'kwi ezinkulu amaNcinane iiHolo le Moscow Conservatory.

Indlela yokuba umqambi?

Oko uya kuba Umqambi Aram Khachaturian, ogama biography ngeli xesha yayifana ibali engagqitywanga, ndaqonda ngowe-1925, xa wabonakala udidi ukubunjwa college ayithanda kakhulu. Kwaba khona ukuba wamkela izakhono zokubhala yokuqala. Kwiminyaka emine emva koko, ngo-1929, waba ngumfundi le Moscow State Conservatory, apho phantsi kwesikhokelo UNikolai Myaskovsky Senzeka lasungulwa umqambi.

Ngowe-1933 Sergei Prokofiev watyelela iklasi Myaskovsky kaThixo. Ukususela kule ntlanganiso ye Khachaturian oselula ngasekhohlo ukuvela angenakulibaleka. Bakhe, wawahlula ngakumbi imisebenzi Abaqambi abanetalente. Kodwa emuva nakho umdla langoku: ngoko Prokofiev wazithanda imisebenzi ka-Aram, wayehamba naye ukuya eParis. Kwaba apho, kulo mzi, apho izigidi zabantu bafuna ukubona, baza babulawa.

Eyokuqala "Dance" Khachaturian

"Dance" ngenxa yomculo kunye nepiyano - yaba imveliso yokuqala Arama Ilicha, eyapapashwa. It ibonakala ngokucacileyo ezinye iimpawu kunye iimpawu nobuchule umqambi abanetalente uyakwazi ukuva ezinye mbumbulu yeziphumo besandi ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi yomculo weentambula waseMpuma; ubuchule ezininzi kumsebenzi ukwahluka, improvisation; ostinato oluvakalayo zesingqisho kunye ezininzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle "imizuzwana hachaturyanovskie." Umqambi wandixelela ukuba yesibini yakhe kwenzeka nomntu oqhubeka ngokuphulaphula umntwana izixhobo zomculo womthonyama - ingqongqo, yaye sazandar-izikhongozeli kemancha.

Ngoko ke kancinane kancinane, kancinane, Khachaturian, ogama engobomi - umzekelo wendlela ezikrelekrele kunye nomntu abanetalente wadala ngokwakhe, uphumile ukusuka zokwenza izinto intsomi ingoma kuphuhliso lwayo. Kwathi ngo-1932, xa ukukhanya wabonakala Suite Piano. Yiloo nto ke, inxalenye yokuqala, othi "Tokatta" kwazeka kuyo ehlabathini. pianists ezininzi ukuyazisa kubantu bakhe repertoire yakhe. De kube ngoku, kuba sele amandla mpembelelo abaphulaphuli kunye ikhubalo ethile.

Ngo-1933 waqalisa ukuba enze "Dance Suite" ngenxa symphony okhestra. Nale mveliso, uvuyo ngokunyanisekileyo yobomi, ukukhanya kunye namandla obaneleyo, i Khachaturian oselula wangena iqela abaqambi best eSoviet. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, kwiHolo Moscow Conservatory wakhalisa taxi ye Symphony Okokuqala, nguwuphi umsebenzi ithisisi kumsitho ekupheleni somculo. Yaba ukugqitywa kowangaphambili, kwaye isiqalo kwisigaba esilandelayo kubomi umqambi. Biography Aram Khachaturian It is a uhlobo imbali umculo, njengoko ngalinye inqaku lakhe - ixesha elahlukileyo kwexesha, nto leyo ithetha uluvo, amava kunye namathemba lombhali.

Umqambi nomfundisi

Inxalenye enkulu yale creative Arama Ilicha wathabatha ezaqanjwa bakhe ngemise- drama. Eyona idumileyo - umculo for Lermontov kaThixo "ukubonakala" kunye lopedevegovskoy "I IsiValencian Umhlolokazi". Nangona imisebenzi ilungiselelwe ukusebenza, bafumana ubomi ozimeleyo ngokupheleleyo.

Khachaturian, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu emfutshane leyo kuphela ngokwalo kakhulu ichaza indlela yobomi umqambi abanetalente, wabonisa umdla omkhulu cinema. Wabonisa umculo njani ukubhengezwa uhlobo kunye noyilo nomlawuli. Ukanti misebenzi yakhe ukufumana elikhulu igama ingqalelo kwimisebenzi Symphonic. Abaphulaphuli wathatha xa ninonke concertos bakhe ngenxa yomculo kunye okhestra kunye ipiyano kunye okhestra. Izimvo ezithe zavela kule symphony yokuqala "Dance Suite", bafumana ubomi obutsha. Ngapha koko, akukho Khachaturian ekhonsathini kamva waba inkalo isimbo sakhe. Ngowe-1942 wayigqiba score of "Gayane" zomdaniso, apho ballet kunye nobugcisa choreographic baye bafaka. Kude ekupheleni kwemfazwe kwakukho weSibini symphony yesiThathu. kweminyaka 9 emva kwemfazwe, umqambi wabhala enye intwazana zobugorha kabuhlungu "uSpartacus".

Yintoni na, Biography Aram Khachaturian? Ngaba kushwankathelwa amagama amathathu: emsebenzini, umsebenzi kunye nomsebenzi kwakhona. Xa gqira ngaphandle ebuhlanti kwafika abathathu Khachaturian Concerto-Rhapsody, nto leyo 1971 wawongwa Prize State.

umzamo Khachaturian kakhulu umsebenzi zokufundisa. Iminyaka emininzi wayeyintloko lodidi ubume kwi Moscow Conservatory, i Tchaikovsky kunye Gnessin Umculo Institute. umsebenzi umqambi yendalo baqhubeka phantse iintsuku yakhe yokugqibela. Ubomi bakhe yaphela e Moscow, May 1, 1978.

izehlo funny nobomi umqambi

Biography Aram Khachaturian Iquka izinto ezahlukeneyo umdla. Omnye wabo - malunga inja yakhe. Umqambi ne sinexhala ngayo izilwanyana. Kanye eJamani, bazisa kuye isipho - a poodle yasebukhosini. Aram Lyado bambiza (ngokungqinelana izihloko ezibini umculo). Wahamba naye, wadliswa, badlale kunye naye. Khachaturian kunjalo incamathele osisilo-qabane sayo, nto leyo kanye lanikezela umdlalo obizwa "Lyado ugula kakhulu."

Enye into ukubaluleka phantse yimbali. Ngo-1944, wabhengeza ukhuphiswano ngenxa umhobe wesizwe Armenian. Ngo Khachaturian efika e Yerevan, waba uguqulelo yaso bomculo. Ngobunye ubusuku, wahlala phantsi ipiyano engqongwe amalungu entsapho yakhe, wayichukumisa izitshixo. Yaba ezishushu zasehlotyeni, abantu baba ebanzi balcony ezivulekileyo. Phantsi iifestile umqambi enkulu ndadibana abantu abaya kukhuthaza ukuva uncuthu lwengoma, ngelixa hachaturyanovsky bacule umhobe wesizwe.

ubudlelwane Family

Ngoko Ndizakwenza Khachaturian. biography olufutshane umqambi owayephila zezona ngcali zinetalente uthi yena, ngaphezu kwakhe nabani na ongomnye wayesazi, kuphela umculo, kodwa ixabiso layo kuluntu. Ubomi bakhe ngasese, kakhulu, akazange ekruqulayo. Xa intombi yokuqala abatshatileyo Nune wazalwa, nto leyo eye yaba nomdlali. Kamva, emva kokupheliswa manyano lokuqala, umqambi watshata okwesibini. ukukhetha yakhe umfundi ovela iklasi intloko yayo Myaskovsky - Nina Makarova. Ukuba eli bhinqa uthando olukhulu, iqabane kunye neqabane othembekileyo Khachaturian ubomi. Aram noNina wazala unyana uKaren (umgxeki ezaziwayo-kakuhle art).

Ngoko ke ubomi bakhe, Aram Khachaturian, biography elifutshane nto leyo iye yazuza elide enye into ebalulekileyo: igama umqambi enkulu ebizwa ngokuba kwiHolo oMkhulu Conservatory kunye abacula string, yaye igama lakhe ukhuphiswano ngonyaka, nto leyo imele abaqambi kunye pianists.