Andrei Kozyrev: biography, umsebenzi

Andrei Kozyrev (owazalwa March 27, 1951) waye uMphathiswa wokuqala leMicimbi yangaPhandle of Russia phantsi uMongameli Yeltsin ngo-Oktobha 1991 ukuya kuJanuwari 1996. Waqala ukusebenza kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa leMicimbi yangaPhandle ye-USSR ngo-1974, kodwa ke umsebenzi umbane njani ukuba amandla Borisa Eltsina.

Imvelaphi kunye nobuzwe

Apho ke waqalisa uhambo ubomi wakhe Kozyrev Andrei Vladimirovich? ngobomi bakhe sele iqalile e Brussels, apho wayesebenza ixesha elide, uyise, ubunjineli kunye nabaqeshwa banobuchule zezinkonzo yorhwebo lwangaphandle. Ngokutsho Kozyrev ngokwakhe udliwano yakhe iphephandaba "New York Times" olu hlobo, intsapho yakhe (mhlawumbi abazali kayise) babaleka lali (Kuyabonakala ukuba, ngexesha collectivization). Kozyrev omalume ababini amagosa eSoviet Army elikwisikhundla kwe sikhulu.

Malunga unina sigqibe kuphela ukuba, ekubonakala, a a ri Muyuda, ngokuba Kozyrev lilungu le Elawulayo Russian yamaYuda Congress, kwaye amaYuda bagqiba ukukhokela intsapho yabo kwicala koomama. Ngoko ke ngubani, ngoko, Kozyrev Andrey Vladimirovich? Ubuzwe kwakhe kubonakaliswa kakhulu ngokucacileyo ngokwayo isibakala yokunyulwa Elawulayo lombutho ngasentla: yena ungumYuda. Nangona lemibuzo yakhe yiSoviet soloko kubonisiwe kumhlathi "uhlanga", "Russian."

iminyaka yokufunda

Andrei Kozyrev wafunda kwisikolo ezizodwa Spanish, nto leyo yanceda kakhulu ukuba babhalise kwiikholeji. Kodwa ekuqaleni akazange tikarhatela ukuba balandele imfundo ephakamileyo emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo waza waya kusebenza oomatshini kwi modal Moscow Machine-Building Plant "Kommunar", into ethetha emva konyaka omnye ukuya emkhosini (olu guqulelo uthe thaca kwi ingxoxo yakhe kweli phephancwadi "Forbes"). Kodwa emva kweminyaka kanzima of eziza kuqala ebomini ziye zatshintsha kakhulu, noAndreya waya kunobhala Party of isebe lakhe ukuba ibe isindululo ukwamkelwa kwanokholeji.

Olu xwebhu wanikwa kuye, yaye naye sicelo ndadlulela kwiYunivesithi kubo. Patrice Lumumba, eyamkele kuphela ngcebiso. Kodwa ukwenza oko ukuthintela ukufikelela iimfihlakalo karhulumente efunyenwe ngexesha lomsebenzi "Communards" (emva konke, kule "eyunivesithi" saba eninzi yabafundi angaphandle). Nangona kunjalo, ikomiti iqela i "Communards" walungisa impazamo yakhe kwaye ubhale ingcebiso kwi MGIMO. Naye Andrei Kozyrev ngo-1969 kodwa iza kule yunivesithi kangaka kwaye ngempumelelo izidanga kwiminyaka emihlanu.

Qala dipkarery kunye nehlabathi ukutshintsha

Emva kokugqiba izifundo zakhe, Andrei Kozyrev waya kusebenza kwiSebe of International Imibutho (UMO), iSebe leMicimbi yangaPhandle, nto leyo elijongene nemicimbi enxulumene UN, ulawulo iingalo, kuquka izixhobo eziphilayo imichiza. Kule minyaka mithathu izayo wazilungisela kwaye zikhuselwe ithisisi kwindima ye-UN kwi inkqubo detente kwi 70s.

Ngowe-1975, kuqala Kozyrev uhamba phesheya - eUnited States. amava oneminyaka eli-24 ubudala uzowenza yiSoviet, wathi, yokothuka yokwenene yoko wabona apho surplus. Wayeza Sikhumbula amazwi Vladimir Mayakovsky: "Soviet ikratshi lakhe! On the yoohlohlesakhe khangela phantsi! "Kodwa kuyacaca, bazisa kakubi phezulu ikratshi inye oonozakuzaku abaselula Soviet.

Kuvuthelwa yesibini kwinkangeleko Kozyrev wayefunda inoveli Borisa Pasternaka "Gqirha Zhivago". Evuma ngokwakhe udliwanondlebe enye, "Forbes", waba ngoko 'ophikisana lwangaphakathi, ngeliphandle, anti-eSoviet. "

Career kwixesha eSoviet

Kozyrev kunzima kakhulu ukuya phezulu leri omsebenzi. Umsebenzi esisigxina amazwe Ndithunywe, emva kweminyaka eli-12 yenkonzo, yesuka kwisikhundla zentloko yesebe le waphetha. A indima ebaluleke kakhulu kwikhondo lakhe elizayo wadlala ulwalamano oluhle Eduard Shevardnadze, abeza Ubulungiseleli Foreign 1988 ukuya endaweni Andrey Gromyko. Umfundisi omtsha uqale lenguqulelo olukhulu kwisebe lakhe. Xa Kozyrev waba yintloko waphetha, ngokubuyisela indoda engama-20 ubudala yena. Ngowe-1989, Kozyrev epapashwe kulindixesha "leMicimbi International" inqaku elibukhali ugxeka-nkqubo angaphandle karhulumente yiSoviet, ebizwa ngokuba ukuba ukwala ukuxhasa ezininzi pseudo-kumazwe-namahlakani. Inqaku zibhaliwe "New York Times", oko aqhekeza Politburo phantsi. Kodwa Shevardnadze inkxaso isikhundla sakhe.

Ukwenza njengomlungiseleli

Ngokusebenzisa Ministry of leMicimbi yangaPhandle yomqeshwa owayesakuba Lukin, owaba ngusihlalo Relations Foreign Committee yiPalamente RSFSR, Kozyrev amantshontsho iqela sihlalo Boris Yeltsin ePalamente. Wamiselwa nguMphathiswa weMicimbi yaNgaphandle of the RSFSR. Le posi kuphela zokuhombisa, akukho nkqubo angaphandle self-Russian kwi-USSR akahambanga.

Emva ubhedu behluleke ngo-1991, yena neqela yabahlaziyi abatsha, elabandakanya Egora Gaydara kunye Anatoly Chubais, lowo kwabelwana ngayo Kozyrev pro-Western iinjongo zakhe zobunene lwentando yesininzi. E Gennady Burbulis Walungisa indawo Bialowieza Ihlathi ngoDisemba 1991, uxwebhu kokupheliswa USSR kunye ico.

Kozyrev yathi eRashiya wayezama ukwenza uliqabane aseNtshona kwi asakhulayo kwiMfazwe post-abandayo ukuze ihlabathi. Waqalisa izivumelwano enkulu yolawulo iingalo kunye eUnited States. Kwakhona ingqalelo kwabaninzi njengenye abaxhasi kakhulu ebonakalayo liberalism nedemokrasi post-iRussia.

Yaziwa ngokubanzi yaziwa (ngokwe UYevgeny Primakov) Kozyrev besithi ukuba iRussia iye esabangela umdla yesizwe kwaye abadinga uncedo eUnited States kuphuhliso lwabo. Andizange baphikisa ukwandiswa NATO ukuya eMpuma kwi 90 ekuqaleni ', nto leyo eyakhokelela ekubeni inkcaso ebukhali abepolitiki zakhe ezininzi Russian. Negalelo eRashiya Ukuvuma inkqubo NATO "Partnership Uxolo", nto leyo ekhokelele nokurhoxa ucaphula kunye engalungiswanga eentloko ezaxhobela Russian evela eJamani ngowe-1994.

eneneni nkqubo UMphathiswa kwaMandla oLuntu ijoliswe ekuweni iSebe leMicimbi Foreign. Ebudeni beminyaka lobunkokheli kwakhe arhente washiya ngaphezu kwamawaka 1 of oonozakuzaku abanezakhono.

Ebona ukusula kungekudala, uMphathiswa ngobulumko ihlelwe ngo-1995 ngu wokhetho kuRhulumente Duma, waza wabuza yokurhoxa Yeltsin wakhe, awayinikwayo kuye. Kuba ixesha elithile wayesebenza kwipalamente Russian, waza ke wemka kwezopolitiko. Kodwa oko baphulukana ngokupheleleyo ngumpolitiki ezaziwayo-kakuhle, Kozyrev Andrey Vladimirovich? Apho uhlala intloko owayesakuba Russian Foreign Ministry. Wazinza Miami. Olu hlobo, wamnika udliwano-ndlebe ukuba "New York Times", apho wavakalisa ithemba utshintsho ngokukhawuleza nkqubo eRashiya. Kaloku, linda ubone.

Kozyrev Andrey Vladimirovich: usapho kunye nobomi lobuqu

Namhlanje hero yethu sunning nokufunda tomes inguqu yedemokhrasi ehlabathini. Ngamanye amaxesha kuza phezu ku Washington ukuba ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiintlanganiso ze-American Council Policy Foreign, obubonelela ulwazi yohlalutyo ukuze amalungu kaKhongolose.

Kwaye yintoni kusapho Kozyrev Andrei Vladimirovich? Umfazi wakhe Elena wakha umqeshwa Ministry Foreign. Ngubani na indlu yabo eqhelekileyo. Bona babe nonyana oneminyaka eli-18 ubudala Andrew.