A igaraji ezinemigangatho emibini: ukuyilwa, ukwakhiwa, namasango

Ukuba ukwakha igaraji enemigangatho emibini, uya kufumana uncedo ngemiba yezemfundo apho, ukongeza emotweni, kuya kuba lula ukubeka inventri okanye ukwenza eziphilayo imbala kumgangatho wesibini. Ukuze wenze le nkqubo yokwakha akuthethi udibana neengxaki, kufuneka kuqala kukudala iprojekthi leyo iza kwenziwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo.

design

Sengqondo egaraji ezinemigangatho emibini kufuneka ibandakanye imfuno ukujongana umbuzo wokuba ingaba, kuba yintoni injongo iza kusetyenziswa igumbi yesibini. Oku kunokuba kwigumbi yokugcina okanye ukugcinwa macandelo imoto. Xa kumgangatho wesibini akukho ekuthethwa ibeka ifenitshala enzima okanye ezinye izinto esinobunzima elikhulu, ngoko kuya kuba anele ukwakha iindonga umthwalo ngokuzala lwesamente. Nakuba kunjalo, kwimeko apho umgangatho wesibini inikwa ukusebenzisa njenge yokuhlala, kuya kufuneka ukomeleza kuphela iindonga, kodwa umhlaba obuphantsi kwabo. Ukuba egaraji enemigangatho emibini iza kwenziwa ngaphandle projekthi, ngoko unga ayamkele into yokuba isiseko akemi umthwalo, leyo kutheni kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba sisiseko inokuthenjwa.

Iimpawu kokwakhiwa: ukwakhiwa strip kwesiseko

Wakuba wenze isigqibo ngekamva ubukhulu yokwakha, kwi ariya ekhetiweyo kuyimfuneko ukuba enze womshicileli. Yi aya ogrunjiweyo lweenqwelo zokulwa efunyenweyo, ubunzulu kufuneka ilingane imitha, ixabiso yokugqibela iya kuxhomekeka phezu ubunzulu yovalo bomhlaba. Ukuba imakh asezantsi, ngoko ke kucetyiswa ukuba nzulu esemseleni wawakhotha. Kungenjalo nobudlelwane kungabangela iziseko shear kwaye Break ukwakha yonke.

Indlela yomsebenzi

Emazantsi backfilled ngesanti igrabile, apho ubukhulu umaleko kufuneka ibe ukuya kwi-20 cm. Kule inyathelo elilandelayo zeebhodi shuttering kufakwa, kwaye ibekwe ngaphakathi armature elibaluleke kakhulu. Xa kwakhiwa igaraji enemigangatho emibini, inyathelo elilandelayo uthululela umxube eziphathekayo, okuseleyo kwiintsuku ezingama-30 phambi kokuba Ukuqinisa. Emva koko, imfuno isiseko ukuze ungangenwa yi ngokubekwa nophahla waziva phezu kwamanzi umaleko 2.

Ukwakhiwa beendonga axhasayo

Xa igaraji enemigangatho emibini kwakhiwa ukusuka iibhloko amagwebu, ubukhulu ubuncinane kufuneka ibe zabo cm abalinganayo 60x30x20. Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa imveliso zokwahlula ezincinane. Ukubeka lukrozo lokuqala bekuya kuba nzima kakhulu, kuyimfuneko ukulungisa ukungalingani isiseko. Slits aziyivelisi grout, kunye izitenxo ukuba enziwe mpuluswa nebhodi kunye kumphezulu lokugaya. I Umqolo wokuqala kufuneka ziqiniswe unyanzeliso, oku kwenziwa iibhloko Stroebe, apho imivalo unyanzeliso ibekwe.

Eflethini egaraji ngokuyimfuneko wabeka ngaphandle usebenzisa isisombululo apho idityaniswa a plasticizer. Emva kokuba udonga ibiphakanyiswe ukuya ubude uneenyawo ezimbini, uyakwazi ukuqhubeka ukufakelwa iingcango igaraji. Wonke kumqolo wesine esangweni imingxunyana kufuneka ukusekelwa. Nangona kumgangatho wokuqala isetyenziselwa ukugcina imoto, ngoko ke ukuphakama ngokupheleleyo maziko 2.5 m, elinye phezu kwelinye iseti ngelo kwinqanaba ukwakhiwa kumgangatho wesibini. Emva neendonga eyakhelwe kumgangatho yeprojekthi, siya Unokuyifaka Bhinqani ufakelo lwesamente, uze kwakhona lenze shuttering, imivalo unyanzeliso libotshelelwe isikhala. Inyathelo elilandelayo uthululela isisombululo eziphathekayo. Ukuze kwandiswe ukhuseleko emlilweni, ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo ukuhombisa udonga kufuneka yome okanye ukutyabeka emanzi ene ukusebenza umlilo. Nangona olungaphambili yenziwa Decking esemgangathweni.

Ukwakhiwa kumgangatho wesibini

Le projekthi iyi igaraji ezinemigangatho emibini kwinqanaba elilandelayo, icinga ukwakhiwa kwenkqubo kophahla gable, oluthi luqokelelane ngokwesiseko umqadi. Iindonga iibhloko amagwebu kufuneka zakhiwe kwi isakhelo, kungenxa yokuba slab ufakelo lwesamente kwi ucinezelo zibuthathaka. Emva lukhuni le eziyi- eziphathekayo eziyimfuneko ukubeka imigangatho, nekufuneka zisetyenziswe imiqadi ngomthi okanye iibhulorho lwesamente. Ngokubhekele phaya azinze isilingi, kwaye ngaphezu isebenza kwi usambathisa.

Ukuphuma ukukhuhla kunye abasaphuhlayo ngezinyuko lula oluno ngomthi okanye umgubo wentsimbi. Xa ekudaleni truss kophahla gable ngokusekelwe izinto ziyaxhonywa kwesinye isiphelo eludongeni lokuzala, kanti isiphelo sabo yesibini obekwe kwi ikholam okanye udonga oluphakathi. Buyela Angabuye yemiqadi yokuhlanganisa ukuba wazimisa iiplanga, ezo wambu izinto zokuxhoma uphahla. Njengoko izinto egubungele kubhetele ukusebenzisa iithayile okanye ibhodi yenyuka. Zonke iindonga zibekwa kwi ukuphakama efunekayo kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe efanayo osetyenziswa kumgangatho ophantsi. Ukulungiselela le njongo iibloko alephuze amagwebu, apho ibekwe phezu njengodaka okugunyaziswe zokomeleza iintonga.

Ukudala emnyango yecandelo

iminyango wecandelo egaraji kunokwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo, apho web yenziwa panel ezininzi, ukuphakama esimalunga sisiqingatha semitha. Iiphaneli zingenziwa zeplastiki, zomthi okanye intsimbi, kwaye ngaphakathi kwayo uzele yokugquma thermal njenge amagwebu.

Udibaniso phakathi kwezakhi lwenziwa kwi shinyi uhlobo lomnyango, kunye izileyi clutch kunye nezinye iindawo ezihamba zenziwe amacwecwe ngentsimbi.

Umsebenzi ekuvelisweni isango kufuneka uzilungiselele:

• iibhloko zomthi;
• amaqhosha esinyithi;
• Area phezu kwimizila;
• isibiyeli;
• entwasahlobo;
• a intonga yesinyithi.

Ukususela emnqamlezweni nemivalo ezimbini ezithe nkqo kufuneka udale ibhokisi ngokudibanisa izinto oqhagamshelwano phakathi yi iipleyiti zentsimbi okanye gons. Inxalenye olusezantsi nzulu nge-2 cm kwi screed phantsi. Xa iingcango somhlathi zenziwe egaraji, le bhokisi ezisisigxina ukuvulwa esebenzisa izikhonkwane zentsimbi. Rama kufuneka iqokelelwe, kwaye emva kokuba ikhaka sheathe, ndibeka iintsimbi sheet ngaphandle.

isibiyeli inkxaso kunokwenziwa womatshini, yaye kwelinye ezishelfini ukubaqhelisa imigodi ulungiselela kwezibonda. Kwenye kwishelufa kufuneka enze imingxuma 3 ukulungisa nengalo emthonjeni.

Inkxaso intwasahlobo ezenziwe isibiyeli intsimbi channel, ukuze ukulungisa oko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukubaqhelisa ezinye imingxuma ezintathu. Xa kwakhiwa igaraji iimoto 2, ungenza bakhokelwe imithetho efanayo, kodwa kulo mzekelo, Kumgangatho ongezantsi Kucetyiswa ukuba bafakwe kwigumbi elingaphantsi, kodwa emnyango unako kwenziwa inkqubo efanayo. Iron strip kuya ukuveliswa kwipleyiti zokulungisa, nto leyo eya ukudibanisa isibiyeli ngumthombo ngokugqithileyo yokugqibela kwigophe ngohlobo neefolokhwe, ezantsi na somlawuli ombane kulungisiwe.

isiphelo

Xa kwakhiwa igaraji iimoto-2, wokukhanya bonke ukwenza kumgangatho wokuqala ngaphezu komhlaba. Ekubeni cap Ukongezelela ziye ukuze ungangenwa komhlaba.