Yintoni COPD? zesifo sifo

Izifo yenkqubo nokuphefumla, apho kukho kukwaphula indlela umoya for umendo anomoya ziyathanda rhoqo zokuqhubela phambili kunye nohlobo vuhlayiseki eyaziwa ngokuba ezingapheliyo sisifo yemiphunga obstructive, okanye COPD kunqanyulelwa. Iimpawu zesi sifo zibonakaliswa kwiqela rhoqo dyspnea, ingakumbi ngamaxesha etsolo ukukhohlela viscous kunye expectoration. Pathogenesis iimpawu COPD ixhomekeke kubungakanani umonakalo inyama ngu impembelelo ukukhanya imiba etiological. Inyumoniya yencindi hypersecretion kwenzeka, ukunyuka zayo viscosity kwaye, ngenxa yoko, anodaka ozixhamle abasuswe ngokuma. Ukuba kuyenzeka ukuba kukho igciwane okanye lohlobo, COPD maxongo kunye lobushushu okwandayo, ukonakala imeko jikelele, ukubonakala hypoxia kakhulu kunye nokungaphumeleli zokuphefumla.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba COPD sisifo ebalasele flow ngonaphakade-ephuhlisa, kunye alternating amaxesha exacerbation kunye kuzolile inkqubo yezifo. Amaxesha amaninzi isifo efanele unyango kunzima, ifuna ukwamkelwa rhoqo amayeza ulondolozo kunye nokuthobela yokuphila efanelekileyo. Izigulane, ingakumbi abadala, aphezu ukukhubazeka, ukusebenza, kunye nokusebenzisa unyamezelwano kunye nokuqina zehla.

Chronic obstructive isifo yemiphunga bamanyene egameni labo izifo ezininzi isixokelelwano sokuphefumla: kwemigudu yomoya obstructive, isifo sentliziyo esinganyangekiyo pulmonary, emphysema, emiphungeni kunye, njengoko kwingxaki esi sifo, lwegazi miphungeni.

Izinto ezibangela COPD

Xa isifo obstructive pulmonary waphawula utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo esiqwini lung, oku zithande bonke abantu, kukho yofuzo, ukungabi antitrypsin. izinto yonakalisa ngokuyintloko: ixesha elide ukutshaya, imveliso eyingozi (ehambisana nomsebenzi). nempembelelo embi kubume imiphunga kunye nesamente lesilicon uthuli, amasuntswana umqhaphu uthuli nentlabathi kwi ikheshi okanye ngethuba lokuvuna. Hayi indima lokugqibela edlalwa ebugxwayibeni lokusingqongileyo. izinto Etiological, zivuse iiseli secretory okubangela hypersecretion of netuwa inyumoniya. Kulungiswe epithelium ciliated akakwazi kuphunywe yencindi viscous eninzi ngokwaneleyo, kwaye stagnates kukho ukuvaleka (isithintelo) iindlela kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Hyperextension of izihlunu zemiphunga ekhokelela kuseko nakujoliso olutsha awandisiweyo airiness. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba unobangela COPD, iimpawu zayo ziyafana izifo ezahlukeneyo.

Iimpawu Iimpawu COPD e izifo ezahlukeneyo

Obstructive kwemigudu yomoya lubonakala ngokuba ukukhohlela emanzi kunye expectoration enzima. ukhohlokhohlo Ukwanda kwenzeka ezibandayo, imozulu ebandayo. secretion inyumoniya kuba imenza viscous enzima, soloko ilandelwa yi fever ephantsi-grade. Kwiimeko kakhulu, ukuze aphuhlise bronchospasm kunye ukusilela sokuphefumla.

Xa emphysema kwenzeka zophendlo lwezifo lung ukwanda amacandelo ezisebenzayo - i-alveoli, ebangela ukuba ukwandisa airiness, hyperextension kodonga alveolar kunye nokungakwazi kwe exchange igesi yesiqhelo. Esi sifo sichaphazela ijwabu lung ilinganiselwe (focal persons) kunye kwentamo. ngokunjalo ukhanyiselo zifana iidiliya. Lubonakala ngokuba ethile uhlobo esifubeni sakho, kuba imilo umphanda ngenxa umoya kwemfuneko. Izigulane ezikhala ukuphelelwa rhoqo ngumphefumlo, unako abangaboniyo phawula nxaxheba izihlunu ezongezelelweyo ukuphefumla. Ukuba esifubeni obstuchal zezihlokomiso, ibhokisi isandi auscultated.

Iindlela COPD okunyangayo

Eyona njongo iphambili unyango COPD kukuba ukuphelisa unobangela sifo kunye linyuke yokuqhubela phambili kwesifo kunokwenzeka. Isigulana kufuneka kube lula ukuyeka ukutshaya, ukuba kukho iingozi zomsebenzi, imisebenzi utshintsho. Uyacetyiswa ukuba azibandakanye rhoqo kunyango ngokwasemzimbeni, imithambo sokuphefumla. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukuphepha ingqele eqhelekileyo. Exacerbation kakubi iziyobisi, bronchi dilyatiruyuschimi. Ezi ahlobene of tiotropium (Spiriva, Atrovent) esetyenziswa ifomu inhalation. Nciphisa nangokurhala, iihomoni zeethishu nokudumba (prednisolone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone). Xa kwezifo babhenele ukusetyenziswa antibiotics.

Expectoration of phlegm kunye ukuxozwa yabangela mucolytics.

Ukuba ukusilela yokuphefumla kuluncedo inhalation zigqunyiweyo oksijini ecocekileyo.