Wget-umyalelo: imizekelo. Inkqubo Console yokulanda iifayile kwi network Wget

Kubonakala ngathi kwihlabathi apho isiqingatha senani labemi behlabathi ngokusebenzayo usebenzisa iikhompyutha baqhele kujongano ezinamagama oluntanganye kunye namakhono abazizityebi ezinjalo, akukho ndawo izicelo yombhalo. Kwiminyaka engama-20 eyadlulayo, lojongano yekhompyutha yaba panel esibi emnyama, nto leyo ibonisa nto kodwa iseti loonobumba ezimhlophe, kwaye zonke ulawulo wenziwe ngeendleko imiyalelo yombhalo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, indlela ezi nkqubo zimbi leyo, ngoko ke ziyasebenza kwaye zithembekile.

Yintoni Wget?

Wget (nto leyo ikwabizwa ngokuba GNU Wget Linux) i console, kungekhona ezenzelwe isicelo yokusebenza iifayile kunye namaphepha ewebhu. Enyanisweni, kuba sisixhobo ukulanda iifayile kwi Internet, apho yokusilela kujongano lomzobo kunye nenani iimpawu zokulawula, Nedlac isicombululo phambili ngakumbi.

Le program iye yaphuhliswa liqela evela Croatia Hrvozhi yaseNikšić, kwaye ngoku ixhasa uphuhliso Giuseppe Skrivano kunye noluntu Linux. Indibano yokuqala eluncedo (ngoko ekuthiwa GetURL) yaye yaqaliswa ngo-Januwari 1996. Le nkqubo ke kubhaliwe C kwaye epapashwe phantsi kwe GNU software mvume. Ekuqaleni isixhobo wakhululwa ngomhla we Linux eqongeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, esi sixhobo sele iguqulelwe kwiilwimi ezininzi kwaye ngembobo ku onke amaqonga ezithandwayo, kubandakanywa Wget for Windows 7 (okanye ezintsha), Wget ngenxa MacOS, njalo-njalo.

Le program - ayisebenzi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba nayiphi na inkqubo isebenza ngaphakathi izakhono zalo, ayikwazi ilawulwe, oko ungalawuleka ekuguquleni ulawulo kwinkqubo yokusebenza.

Ngaphandle kokuba kubakhangeli zincwadi abasetyenziswayo bazikhanda eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi kumphathi download, yokuba nangoku zenzelwe kunxibelelwano interactive, ke ngoko, umsebenzi kwimo yokusebenza ngesandla kuba nzima. Wget, phezu koko, likuvumela ukuba imishini eziliqela iinkqubo. Ngokomzekelo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ulungiselela kusengaphambili uxwebhu lokubhaliweyo kunye noluhlu amaphepha e web, esebenzisa leyo ungalayisha iifayile ezininzi kunye namaphepha.

iimpawu eziphambili

Ukanti kwindawo yokuqala yinkqubo yeefayile uzilayishe ezantsi, nto leyo ethetha ubungqina umsebenzi wayo oyintloko.

Wget ulande naziphi na izinto ukusuka kwi Internet, nokuba amaxwebhu, nokwenziwayo, okanye kumaphepha yonke web ngefomathi ye HTML (neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo). Iifayile can be downloaded weefayili kwi- FTP.

Le lomxhasi ukwenza ukopisho recursive, ngokuzenzekelayo ezilandelayo amakhonkco kwisithuba iwebhusayithi oluthile (okanye websites ezininzi), lo gama kwakhona isakhiwo yokuqala lamaphepha web. Uyakwazi ukujonga Web sayithi ilayishwe ngaphandle ukufikelela kwi-network (okwendalo ulayishiwe ibe idilesi ye ukubukela online).

Wget ekuqaleni aguqulelwe iintlobo uqhagamshelo kade okanye ukutshabalala, ngoko ke inkalo ebalulekileyo ubuchule bokulungisa ukulanda waphazamiseka ifayile (oku kungenzeka ukuba umncedisi uyaxhasa RANGE iiheader). Wget nayo esweni imo abancedisi (ufikelelo) ngenxa ukulayisha nokuhlaziya (Wget lokukhangela ifayile headers kwaye ixhasa oko uguqulelo oludlulileyo) iifayile kunye namaphepha ewebhu.

Le nkqubo eziliqela iimpawu okufana babizwa ngokuba ngezidingo izigcawu ukuba ukuhlola websites ezahlukeneyo nabancedisi ubukho iifayile ezithile kuwo.

kumaqonga ezixhaswayo

Wget Linux sele isiseko le mveliso. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, le nkampani ekuqaleni wasebenza kuphela Linux, kodwa ngokukhawuleza wazuza popularity and sele yimidlalo nezinye iinkqubo. Umzekelo, unako ukufumana uguqulelo Wget for Windows 7 kunye zokusebenza iinkqubo ezintsha, yaye kufuneka kwakhiwe GUI. Ke Linux, wena kwiprogram kukho idla ethungelwe kuzo lonikezelo. Iitheminali kwezinye Linux yakha natively lixhasa Wget-team. Ubuntu, Fedora, openSUSE, kunye nezinye distros umsebenzisi asebenza kunye program, njengoko bathi, ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Emva koko, khangela le program zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Wget-umyalelo: uluhlu yeqhosha iparameters

Uluhlu basic imithetho ziquka:

• -V - likuvumela ukuba utshekishe uguqulelo software ayasetyenziswa ngoku;
• -h - ibonisa uluhlu oluninzi olubanzi imiyalelo yokusebenza kunye nesicelo;
• -b - it ikuvumela ukuba ukuguqulela inkqubo kwisiqalo;

Uluhlu ongayikhetha

Wget-umyalelo ukuvumela ulawulo ngokupheleleyo phezu ulwazi iboniswe. Nalu uluhlu:

• log kuyoze - kudala ifayile uluvo ubhala yonke inkqubo kwesicelo;
• log -a - ikuvumela ukuba ukongeza ifayile yelog ekhoyo kunokuba udale entsha enye;
• -D - ubonisa ulwazi oluyimfuneko ukuze abaphuhlisi kunye debugger (kunceda ukusombulula iingxaki neempazamo ezichanekileyo kumsebenzi client leyo);
• -q - khubaza ukubonisa imiyalezo;
• -v - Olu khetho eyenziwe ngokungagqibekange, inika ingxelo eneenkcukacha malunga zonke iinkqubo ezenzekayo kule program (ngexesha real);
• -nv - kunciphisa kakhulu ulwazi efunyenwe ngumsebenzisi in imiyalezo. Kuyinto kuphela idatha kakhulu efanelekileyo kunye nesaziso impazamo;
• ifayile -imiqondiso (kunye umendo wefayile) - umyalelo likuvumela ukuba ajonge ifayile, kwahlula ukusuka ikhonkco kuyo, yokuqalelisa; Ungasebenzisa iifayile yeefomati ezahlukeneyo, kuquka HTML, kodwa xa usebenzisa lo myalelo, akukho mfuneko ukucacisa umendo wefayile kwilayini yomyalelo;
• -f - ingqondo inkqubo ukuze bakwazi ukufunda ifayile njenge HTML; xa usebenzisa lo umyalelo ukusebenza nge uxwebhu HTML lasekuhlaleni, imposiso Inokwenzeka, ukuba ayiphephe; kwanele ukubonisa kuxwebhu

Uluhlu ongakhetha lendlela yokuqalelisa ikhompyutha

imiyalelo Basic yeefayile uzilayishe usebenzisa Wget. Nazi isethi ezisisiseko:

• --bind-idilesi = IDILESI - Lo myalelo ikuvumela ukuba ukudlulisela IDILESI data ulunxibelele umatshini yasekuhlaleni. Xa usebenzisa TCP / uqhagamshelwano umyalelo IP kufuneka ucacise kakuhle IP Idilesi-(ukuba eziliqela).
• inani -t (kufuneka ukhankanye inani) - kuvumela umsebenzisi ukuba ukhethe inani kophindo umthwalo. Ukuthintela uphindaphindo kufuneka ucacise ixabiso yenani zero.
• -nc - Lo myalelo ikuvumela ukuba ukubuyisela isidima sangaphambili ifayile ezilayishwe kuthe kwabakho ukungaphumeleli kuthungelwano, kunye download aze uphazamiseka. Ukuba awufuni ukusebenzisa enye imiyalelo for ukulayisha (-n, -nc, -R), Wget iya kudala i ikopi ze uqale ukulanda kwakhona. khetho -R ikuvumela ukuba indawo iifayile ekhoyo.
• c - ikwasingatha ukulayisha ifayile kwimeko yelahleko ezimbaxa (nalapho Wget wayeka ezizimeleyo amalinge nobuyiselo). Kwanele ukuba iqhagamshele ifayile ukucacisa umyalelo. Ukuba usebenzisa ulawulo efanayo kukho kwifayile Wget uya kubamba yesazisi yayo kwaye ngokuzenzekelayo isigqibo ukulayisha yayo. Umyalelo zingasetyenziswa kuphela abancedisi apho kukho inkxaso RANGE header.

• --progress - ukuvumela ukuba ukhethe uhlobo yoboniso inkqubela uzilayishe ezantsi. Unga ukhankanye -progress = bar okanye inkqubela = dot.
• --spider - ithatha ifayile download umyalelo ukuqinisekisa ubukho balo kumncedisi;
• -w (in seconds) - ikhankanya ixesha lekhefu phakathi ukulanda.
• -q (kucacisiwe inani kilobytes okanye i megabytes) - ikuvumela ukunyenyisa ngokuchanileyo ubungakanani data yakho ukunciphisa imiqulu ngokugqithisileyo. Nakuba kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba yifayile eyodwa iya kulandwe nokuba quota zakohlwaywa (oko kukuthi nge yifayile eyodwa, olu khetho akathandi kusebenza, abanye ke akuyi kuba nzima).

Uluhlu lwe HTTP parameters

• --http-umsebenzisi = kwaye --http-passwd = - ukuvumela ukuba ukhankanye ngemvume kunye negama eligqithisiweyo lwephaswedi kwi server yakho Web kuyo iifayili ziya sisothula.
• -C = on / off - ukuvumela ukwenza okanye ukukhubaza esisikhupheli sokuxhaphakileyo lwe data kwicala lomncedisi.
• --cookies = on / off - ngokufanayo ngenxa cache, cookies kuphela. It ikuvumela ukuba mhlawumbi kumiswe okanye aqalise ukutshintshiselana data cookie efunekayo ukuze zenze umsebenzi wazo-manani kwiseva. Ngokungagqibekanga, olu khetho lukwazile, kodwa iifayile-cookie azikho zigcinwa kwi-hard disk.
• --save-cookies - ukuvumela ukwenza ifayile cookie (data yakutshanje).
• --proxy-umsebenzisi ne -proxy-passwd - ikuvumela ukuba ukhankanye igama lomsebenzisi kunye negama lokugqitha ukuze lwephaswedi kumncedisi proxy (xa kusetyenziswa).

Uluhlu zezilungiselelo FTP

Olukhetho olubhekisa phambili lokusebenzisana Wget. FTP Imiyalelo:

• -nr - Musa ukususa iifayile ithutyana weefayili .listing ukuba ngokuzenzekelayo esabangela xa usebenza nge FTP;
• -G on / off - ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise oonobumba ekhethekileyo iidayrektri eluncedo FTP;
• --passive-ftp - lo myalelo ingasetyenziswa kwi Firewall'a phambi ukuvula imo FTP isixando (apho umsebenzisi ngokwakhe unoxanduva uxhulumaniso kumncedisi).

Wget-Team: Ufunda Best

Owona mzekelo elula kakhulu banal ukusebenza inkqubo, Kakade ke, ukulanda iifayile. Ukuba uvavanyo lwe Wget-umyalelo, ungakwazi ukuqala nge ikhonkco elula ifayile kwi-network kwaye ngenisa indlela console / terminal: Wget * link ebonisa indlela esiza ngokupheleleyo kwifayile *.

Ukuze uqhubeke ukulanda ifayile, ukusetyenziswa: Wget -c * link ebonisa indlela esiza ngokupheleleyo kwifayile *.

Ukuba kukho uluhlu okucwangcisiweyo iilinki iifayile kunye namaxwebhu, unako ukusebenzisa umyalelo Wget izifaniso filelist.txt.

Njengoko yokulanda amaphepha Web, yonke into isuntswana ngakumbi inzima, kodwa ngaxeshanye kunye nenani amathuba kwandisa kakhulu. Ungafaki ezintsha iparameters lonke ixesha kukho imfuneko ukuze ufumane website, ungenza amaphepha eempendulo okanye ukubhalisa zonke izicwangciso .wgetrc ifayile.

Gcina iphepha Web njengoko njengesalathisi (kuya kuba nzima ukuvula kubo umatshini wengingqi), ungasebenzisa Wget -m imiyalelo * link ebonisa indlela esiza ngokupheleleyo kwifayile *.

Ukuba yenziwa yafumaneka eli phepha efanayo ukujonga ngaphandle loxhulumaniso lwe Internet, ungasebenzisa i Wget -R -10 -k * link ebonisa indlela esiza ngokupheleleyo kwifayile *.

Imposiso Format Wget umyalelo akafumaneki lithetha naliphi na inkinga kunye nokumisa engachanekanga.