Wabe Gabriel Rossetti: Biography kanye imisebenzi

Wabe Gabriel Rossetti - IsiNgesi imbongi, opeyintayo kunye nomzobi, owaba ngomnye "Pre-Raphaelite Abazalwana" abasunguli. In imisebenzi yakhe - imizobo, imibongo kunye sonnets - wahlala ukusulungeka zobugcisa, ezamahala ekungabalwa, wacula luvutha okuqala le Renaissance. Enye imixholo ozithandayo ye Pre-Raphaelites yaba uthando engamthandi. Kwaye yonke ubomi Rossetti, ngendlela enye okanye omnye, eyayithanda ngayo. Abafazi aphefumlelweyo kuye, waba namaqhawekazi ngemizobo yakhe. Nangona kunjalo, asikwazi kubizwa ngokuba ulwalamano womzobi kunye oyintanda ezilula, njengoko, eneneni, kwaye ubomi bakhe bonke.

usapho

Wabe Gabriel Rossetti wazalwa May 12, 1828. Uyise, Gabriele Rossetti, yaba Italian owathi ngenxa yezizathu zezopolitiko bafudukela eNgilani. Uye afundiswe Royal College of ngolwimi lweenkobe kunye noncwadi. UTata unyana wakhe uthando yobugcisa Italian, ingakumbi imisebenzi wabe Alighieri, kubonakala nje kuphela egameni lo mfana, kodwa kwi wemidla kunye neemfuno, leyo uya kuthwala ebomini.

unina Rossetti ka-- Frensis Meri Lavinia Polidori - wayevela kwintsapho Gaetano Polidori, inzululwazi kunye emigrant evela eItali. Ukususela ebuntwaneni, wabe uGabriel wakhulela kusemnandi ngobungcibi kuxhotyiswa kunye noyise nehlombe imisebenzi imbongi enkulu wezakwalizwi, athanda ukuyibeka embekweni yaye yathiywa ekuqaleni. italente yoncwadi odade wakhe kunye nomntakwabo. UMaria Francesca waba yimbangi ethi 'The Shadow of wabe. " udadewethu omncinci, uKristina, dumile abe yimbongi. Omnye umzalwana, uWilliam co-waliseka Pre-Raphaelite Society kunye mhlalutyi loncwadi.

uqeqesho

Wabe Gabriel Rossetti, ogama zipapashiwe xa wayeneminyaka eli-15 imisebenzi, wafunda eLondon Kumkani College, ukususela kwiminyaka-9. Okokuqala amanyathelo creative umbhali abaselula kwenziwa uncwadi. Kwiminyaka 5, Rossetti wabhala idrama, 13 - ibali. imfundo Artistic njengoko umfana eyayivela. Baqalisa kwisikolo umzobo apho Rossetti wangena kweminyaka eli-16 yaye apho wayefunda phantsi kobunkokheli D. S. Kotmena. Emva koko, ngo-1841, yaba Academy of Umzobo Genri Sassa. Eminye iminyaka emihlanu, waba umfundi kwiklasi yokudweba yakudala, leyo wenziwa utyando kwi-Royal Academy.

Kamva, kuba lo gama utitshala wabe Maddox Brown, igcisa romantic, akukho ngolangazelelo ngaphantsi Rossetti uncwadi. Ngowe-1848, wadibana ne iHolman Hunt, ngubani na oya kumnceda kubuphucula ubuchule ukusebenza kunye iipeyinti ioli ngexesha ukudalwa Imizobo zokuqala Pre-Raphaelites.

imfundo yabafundi

Olilizwe eliyimfihlo kuye kwabangela intsingiselo entsha kwimibongo peyinta, wasekwa ngo-imi- 50 kwinkulungwane XIX. Rossetti Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-18 ubudala. Kodwa ngenxa yala nezinga Iziqulatho ngenxa yobugcisa, wakwazi ukuba ube yinkokeli le "Pre-Raphaelite Abazalwana." Xa umfana iHolman Hunt noYohane Everett Millais baphetha ukuba ezifundweni, ngabona ekupeyinteni kwexesha kunye neendibano ezipheleleyo oosinga eyimfama. Ke kuyekwe art, belahla phantse naluphi ezintsha. Ngokutsho amalungu abazalwana, ndiphilise womzobo IsiNgesi akwazi ukubuyela kuphela izithethe zobugcisa Italian okuqala le Renaissance.

Buyela ekunyaniseni nobunyulu

Kokufanelekileyo ukuba Pre-Raphaelite isimbo yokudweba waye amagcisa ezinkulu asebenza ku Raphael: Perugino, fra Angelico, Giovanni Bellini. British lalichukumisekile singabangenakumbi, sinokungcwengeka okuvela mizobo yi iinkosi Italian okuqala le Renaissance. Purity nenyaniso, ahlonipha elidlulileyo romanticism, eli ligatya kunye nentiyo ejolise academicism ezidityanisiweyo imisebenzi ye Pre-Raphaelites kunye ukufunda ngenkalipho yezifundo lusekiwe, ezintsha ubuchule yokudweba. Bakhokelwa iinkosi of zaphawula eladlulayo, kodwa endiyidalele, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekugqibeleni kuphuhliso mihla kwaye ezabangela ukuba kumzekeliso. Manifesto "Pre-Raphaelite Abazalwana" yapapashwa kulindixesha "uHlumelo", epapashwe ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya ku-Epreli 1850 amalungu eluntwini.

A look entsha kwi ibali eliqhelekileyo

PRB unobumba wokuqala zibonakaliswe Zangaphambi kweSivumelwano kunye neNgqikelelo-Raphaelite Abazalwana ( «Pre-Raphaelite Abazalwana"), kubonakala kumzobo Rossetti "loLutsha of Virgin Mary" (1848-1849). Iimfaniso ngokuba imizobo abe ngunina kunye nodade wegcisa. Kwaye le yenye umahluko kumalungu Raphaelite Abazalwana zemfundo ukusukela bayancokola wala ngabom iinkonzo imodeli amanqindi wakhetha abahlobo nezalamane.

Xa umsebenzi Pre-Raphaelites wayethandaza izifundo zeBhayibhile. Noko ke, nokutyhilwa eyahlukileyo kakhulu ukusuka imifanekiso lusekiwe vutshila. Umzekelo woku - enye imifanekiso, eyabhalwa ngu wabe Gabriel Rossetti - "Annunciation". In umzobo academic The Virgin uMariya usoloko uvezwa i kokuba ekuseni esithathwe isipho intlonipho kaThixo kunye icala ezihlobene. Rossetti kulo mfanekiso sibona lo medi esiqhelekileyo, isithunywa funky wazisa ngabo ukuba akhokele. Le ukutyhilwa ye Pre-Raphaelites ukuhlangabezana umnqweno yenyaniso, ngokwemvelo, wamqumbisa njengesiphango wobhavumo.

Rossetti - artist

Imisebenzi best wabe Gabriel Rossetti wadala kwixesha ukususela-1850 kwi-1860. isimbo sakhe liyabonakala: abalinganiswa zangaphandle emile, kubonakala phezu kobuso intsebenziso zangaphakathi ze abilayo nokwakhiwa kunye amanani ezininzi ezinkulu ongaphambili kunye nezinto background isifundo minute. Imizobo zakhe zizele lomlinganiswa, ekuveliseni ukusuka ambaxa iinxalenye zokwenene kunye nemifanekiso ecingelwayo. Rossetti akazange ukusebenzisa imibala emnyama kunciphisa ukukhanya nethunzi - nakuba ngemizobo yakhe zikhanya Ipeyinti acocekile kwaye eliqaqambileyo. Umzobi ayisebenzisa kakuhle ngayo umgca imisebenzi yakhe, enika imizwa okanye Ukuthantamisa umfanekiso kunye imisele nokungcangcazela ngqo.

Abahlalutyi ukuchaza womzobo Rossetti zombini zokuhombisa kunye omkhulukazi. Ipropati yokugqibela kakuhle wabonakaliswa kwinkqubo yomsebenzi phezu imizobo eludongeni, ibekwe kwenye izakhiwo University of Oxford. ibali okukhethiweyo - imifanekiso kwinoveli ngu Thomas Malory kaThixo "Ukufa kaKumkani Arthur."

Rossetti - imbongi

Wabe Gabriel Rossetti, ogama imibongo ngokubaluleka badla ngebande elinye kunye imisebenzi kaShakespeare, wayedla izifundo ezifanayo ukuze emifanekiso sonnets. Ukupeyinta, kunye nemibongo kwimisebenzi yakhe basenokuvana. Wambonisa nemixholo imizobo kwindinyana izalise imibongo ezikhethekileyo entle kunye sonnets. Neenjongo Pre-Raphaelite Rossetti igcinwe kwaye kwimibongo. phantse akazange wathetha izihloko mini, ngokuzalisa iivesi ephakathi. Sonnets kunye nemibongo wabe Gabrielya epheleleyo iisimboli isifundo ezahlukeneyo iinkcukacha, ezifana ngemizobo yakhe. Wasebenzisa Akubuya akudala ngabom ngokutsha amagama ugxininiso, ndibeke amazwi aqhelekileyo an kwimeko engalindelekanga kwaye wafuna imizwa okhethekileyo.

Umsebenzi main lwesihobe ukuba yenziwa yi wabe Gabriel Rossetti - "Indlu of Life". Le yingqokelela elibandakanya 101 kspell. Ngamnye kubo ichaza ezinye indawo ebomini imbongi esithi: ilixa ethile okanye mood abatheni ubonile okanye indlela ebhaliweyo. Rossetti wayedla wabhenela ezimnandi. Yena ayisebenzisa kakuhle ngayo imixholo ezindala kunye nobuchule, edibanisa nabo ubuchule mihla nokwenza kuye umsebenzi onocwangco ekhululekile.

yena uthi

Rossetti wadibana nomkakhe elizayo ngo-1850. Elizabeth Siddall kuthwelwe wa kwephupha ubuhle kunye nabazalwana Pre-Raphaelite lathatha abazobi abaninzi. Enye imifanekiso onomtsalane immortalized umfanekiso wakhe lwalupayintiwe yi Rossetti. "Beatrice wabasikelela" ubonisa oyintanda wabe Alighieri sleepy ngalo mzuzu xa intaka, amele afe, asibeke endaweni entendeni intyatyambo poppy. izigulane Elizabeth TB wafa kwisithuba seminyaka emibini emva komtshato wabo, ngo-1862, ukususela libanda of umlaliso (ngokwe kuguqulelo mnye, kwaba ukuzibulala). umhlolokazi lusizi wazibeka lomngcwabo yam endiyithandayo "House of Life". Noko ke, emva kweminyaka eliqela Rossetti wavuma agrumbe umzimba kunye nopapasho lwesigqibo kamva lwemibongo.

Ndithelekelele Enye womzobi yaba Fanny Cornforth, okuboniswe nabo womzobo "Lady Lilit» (Lady Lilit). Wabe Gabriel Rossetti wadibana intombazana entle kodwa akafundanga ngo-1858 yaye ulwalamano lwabo phantse bonke ubomi bam, nangona somtshato womzobi nolwalamano lwakhe Dzheyn Morris. Fanny wayedla lathatha Rossetti. She is kalula kwimifanekiso "Emva ngokwanga," "Lukretsiya Bordzhia" kwaye sele igama "Lady Lilit". Wabe Gabriel Rossetti nahlukana Fanny ngo-1877, xa impilo ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni wegcisa waba buthathaka kakhulu.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Emva kokufa Elizabeth Rossetti waba yodwa. Ngeli xesha, kunye Fanny ukubaluleka kakhulu kuye uba Dzheyn Morris, umfazi umhlobo wakhe uWilliam. umfanekiso wakhe ubonakala "Proserpina" imizobo, "Marian," "Veronica Veronese" kunye nabanye abaninzi. impilo womzobi iqalisa ukuba buthathaka. Uyala inxaxheba kwimiboniso, ukwandisa ukuxhomekeka ukuphilisa chloral. Jane sele kudala babehlala Rossetti ngemvume siyavumelana indoda yakhe, wayekhe wadlana Iceland 1871. Noko ke, bebona Ukonakala nikhulela isimo sengqondo nesithandwa sakhe likhoboka wakhe, ihamba kude Rossetti, yaye ulwalamano lwabo kuyehla ngembalelwano.

Wabe Gabriel Rossetti wafa Aprili 9, 1882. Yaye kwiinyanga ezimbini kamva, kwabakho umboniso umsebenzi wakhe waba nempumelelo enkulu eNgilani. Wabe Gabriel Rossetti, ogama biography lizele amahla ukubengezela iziganeko ezibuhlungu washiya uphawu umxhelo kwi vutshila. umsebenzi yakhe waxelisa, bafunda kakuhle olo XIX kade - ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Namhlanje kwimizobo kukho ibinzana elithi "rossetizm" adibanisa amagcisa awayesebenza ngokwesiko enkulu Pre-Raphaelites.