"UMTHETHO-Hib" (sokugonya): imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa. Le lugonyo kusulelo Hib

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, enye yeengxaki enkulu kwimpilo kwabantwana abaselula Haemophilus influenzae influenzae (Hib). Yenzeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kwaye kunokukhokelela nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, kuquka ukufa. Ngoko ke, kutshanje, kwilizwe lethu, abantwana kunye nabantu abadala ukuba ungabutofela nge ngenaliti iziyobisi othintelo - "UMTHETHO-Hib" (sokugonya). IRussia balifaka kwikhalenda yayo ugonyo kuphela ngo-2011.

Yintoni Hib?

Igciwane ebangela Hib, ubizwa ngokuba Haemophilus influenzae influenzae, okanye anamathele Afanasiev-Pfeiffer. Kukho iintlobo ezintandathu le ntonga, kodwa kuyingozi kakhulu uhlobo wand b. Yenza indlela kakhulu sesi sifo kunye nezinye iingxaki. Malunga nama-85% abantu abadala kunye 35-40% yabantwana - abathwali Haemophilus influenzae influenzae. Lo mzobo mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa akumangalisi, kuba Haemophilus influenzae ungowommandla udidi kwamagciwane ezinemiqathango, ngoko ubukho balo emzimbeni ngezixa ezincinane kugqalwa eqhelekileyo.

Ipesenti ephezulu abathwali usuleleko Hib iqatshelwe eziguqulweyo, malunga-5%. Esi sifo sisasazwa ngamathontsi emoyeni, ngoko ingozi isivumelwano kwiindawo zikawonke liphezulu ngokwaneleyo. Xa eziguqulweyo le usulelo zinokusasazwa nge izinto zekhaya: izitya, iitawuli nezinto zokudlala. Ubungqongqo sifo ixhomekeke kubungakanani iintsholongwane kweyela emzimbeni. Indoda encinci uba yenethiwekhi kunye umfowunelwa elikhulu uqala ukuphuhlisa sifo. Nangona enxibe yosulelo azithathelwa ngqalelo, ukuba buthathaka nakancinane amajoni omzimba nangoko ikuvumela ukuba uyazi wena kwezifo ezosulelayo.

usulelo Hib kakhulu ngokuqhelekileyo kuchaphazela abantwana ukusuka kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwiminyaka-5. Iminyaka yobudala kakhulu yingozi uphuhliso izifo - ukususela kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya ku-12, ngoko ke ichiza "UMTHETHO-Hib" (sokugonya) ngokukhethekileyo kufuneka ngeli xesha.

I-Haemophilus influenzae influenzae yingozi?

"UMTHETHO-Hib" (sokugonya) injongo kakhulu kucetyiswa yi oogqirha babantwana, ngenxa yokuba usuleleko kunye nezifo elibuthathaka kunokubangela eziliqela iingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana:

• meningitis - oko kukhokelela ubuchopho, ipesenti lokufa sifo xa kuthelekiswa namanye ophezulu, loo nto-15%;
• epiglottitis - isifo kunokukhokelela zizalwa, lowo ukomiwa;
• pneumonia - esi sifo okubangelwa usuleleko Haemophilus influenzae influenzae, ingakumbi eyahlula ukuhamba enzima ipesenti ephezulu wokufa;
• nokudumba - nangona kukho zinqabile, kodwa kunemiphumela emibi;
• Yomoya - ingozi njengoba pneumonia, kodwa igcwele na kutshintsho ifomu ezinganyangekiyo;
• otitis media - kunye flow enzima kusongela ukungeva buso.

Oku akuthethi ukuba ukukhankanya into yokuba usuleleko Hib ebangela izifo yokuphefumla etsolo kunye nophuhliso samathambo. Ubuqili Hib kukuba iimpawu zokuqala kwiimeko ezininzi akuthethi ukuba nexhala abazali. Iimpawu Clinical ngokuqhelekileyo sele obonakalayo imbonakalo iingxaki. Stick uhlobo b ngokukodwa ukumelana nemithi, ngaloo ndlela ebangela kobunzima obuninzi kwi unyango losulelo Haemophilus influenzae influenzae (Hib). Isitofu sokugonya akuqinisekisi ukuba umntwana abagulayo, kodwa kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni sifo.

lokugonya

"UMTHETHO-Hib" (sokugonya) kuveliswe yinkampani French, "Sanofi Pasteur". It yabhaliswa eRashiya ngowe-1997, de 2010 isitofu sokugonya kusulelo Hib kwenziwa ngokuzithandela. Kuphela ekupheleni kuka-2010, ngenxa yokuba izehlo eliphezulu zokugula, yayifakwe le khalenda gonyo ngokusemthethweni.

"UMTHETHO-Hib" - isitofu sokugonya, izimvo zazo kakhulu ziyaphikisana. Nangona kunjalo, kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuba abazali kunye nabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-5. Ingakumbi kumayelana abantwana, ezinxulumene amaqela ingozi ilandelayo:

• abantwana ngaphambi kwexesha;
• abantwana ibhotile-atyetyisiweyo;
• Abantwana abanamajoni omzimba buthathaka, kuxhomekeke njengomkhuhlane rhoqo;
• Kids abanezifo ezingapheliyo, ngenxa apho umzimba wawo awukwazi ukulwa nezifo;
• abantwana abafunda kumaziko emfundo oluntu.

"UMTHETHO-Hib" (sokugonya) kukho bahlabeka, abantwana kodwa hayi kuphela nabo abadala abaphethwe immunodeficiency.

Indlela imisebenzi sokugonya?

isiyobisi Hemophilic isekelwe phezu iantigens enesiphako, kuqhotyoshelwe zinemoletyhule protein lwe ngqi toxoid. It ayiqulathanga igciwane Haemophilus influenzae influenzae yohlobo b kwaye ke ayikwazi ukuqala sifo. Ukudityaniswa kunye iantigens protein kusonjululwa iingxaki ezininzi ngaxeshanye:

• abantwana kwasekwa okukwazi ongqingqwa iintsholongwane;
• Kwacaca reactogenicity esezantsi sokugonya yaye ibe ekhuselekileyo.

Haemophilus wamachiza kuthelekiswa kunye noontanga babo, baze abo babini - sokugonya "Hiberiks" yaye "Pentaxim" wathabatha izifundo ezininzi lwezonyango ogama iziphumo ezingaphezu kwe zezanelisayo. Kuye kwafumaniseka ukuba okukwazi eyenziwe umntwana, lihlala linjalo iminyaka 4. Eli xesha kakhulu ngokwaneleyo, ngokuba ngomnyaka wesihlanu ubomi Umntwana uqala ukuvelisa isixa ilungelo izilwa kusulelo Hib.

Olu hlobo ugonyo akubandakanyi ukhuseleko lobuqu kuphela kusulelo, kodwa uqinisa umhlambi nezifo. Izifundo oluqhubekayo zibonise ukuba epriskuli ngokusebenzisa ipesenti ugonyo izehlo lacuthwa-40 ukuya ku-3.

Ishedyuli nokugonywa

Isitofu "UMTHETHO-Hib" yesikhokelo leyo abazaziyo zonke gqirha, wabeka abantwana ukususela kwiinyanga ezimbini ubudala. Ukuba ugonyo lokuqala kwenziwa kwiinyanga zokuqala ezintandathu ubomi bomntwana, isicwangciso sijongeka njengoku:

• kuqala - lokugonya obekwe kwi ngomhla esisigxina;
• ixesha lesibini - re-ugonyo yenziwa iintsuku 30-45;
• okwesithathu - olu gonyo yokugqibela uya kuqeshwa kunyaka omnye emva kokuba kuqala.

Ukuba ithamo yokuqala kunikelwa kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka, isicwangciso, ngokulandelelana, ziyohluka, oko kukuthi susiwe kusuka inyathelo ugonyo wenziwa kudluliswe kwinyanga 1. Ukuba lokugonya efakwa emva konyaka, ukuze kuswela inaliti enye.

"UMTHETHO-Hib" - isitofu sokugonya, umyalelo esifuna ukuthotyelwa ngokungqongqo kunye nemigaqo. Ziluma kwenziwe intramuscularly okanye kwesikhumba. Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, zaye lesitofu inxalenye sobuKristu womlenze, abantwana abadala - apha emagxeni, hayi kanye mandithi, waya esihlunwini deltoid.

Iimpawu kunye nokwakheka

ERashiya, omnye kakhulu ekhuselekileyo nelula isitofu sogonyo "UMTHETHO-Hib". Imiyalelo, reviews oogqirha amazwe kunye Russian bathi ichiza uvumelekile ukuba ugalelwe kwi isirinji efanayo kunye namanye amachiza, ezifana DTP sokugonya. Phakathi okulungileyo kule iyeza lungabandakanya bokuqonda zilandelayo:

• phantse akukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, yaye ke ngoko ukuba abantwana ukususela ekuzalweni;
• It has a luncedo olukhulu ekuyilweni imali efunekayo omzimba;
• Igcina amajoni omzimba ixesha elide;
• Ibonisa iziphumo ezintle ekulweni uhlobo b wand.

lokugonya Haemophilus influenzae iyasebenza ngenxa eyinxenye ye elements leyo babe umsebenzi omkhulu. Zezi:

• sucrose;
• sodium chloride;
• ngayo amanzi emigodini;
• trometamol;
• ezimbaxa protein polysaccharide ngqi.

Zithako kwenza kube lula ukugcina amajoni omzimba kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo nokuba kubantwana abaselula kakhulu.

Asabela ngayo ugonyo yaye kunokwenzeka iingxaki

"UMTHETHO-Hib" - isitofu sokugonya, apho kulula kakhulu ukuba ukuthwala. Phantse kuzo zonke iimeko, amajoni omzimba asabela ngokwaneleyo kokwaziswa isitofu, kuphela ipesenti encinane indlela sihlume asanelanga. mechanism ukuziphendulela ukulwa esi sifo amiliswe ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezili-14 emva kokuba yolawulo. Ngaphezu kwama-90% yabantu ukugonywa, yena ugcinwe kwinqanaba elifanayo ukususela kwiminyaka-4 ukuya kwezi-5.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa lokugonya ingabangeli naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwezinye iimeko, kusenokubakho ukuba bomvu, ukudumba okanye induration kuyo inaliti. Ukongeza, i-inaliti kungabangela iingxaki zilandelayo:

• ayanda;
• ukulunywa;
• ufunga;
• ukuphalaza;
• ixhala eside bekhala;
• umkhuhlane;
• ezindlwini;
• yombono.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, le symptomatology elifana neli xa kuxutywa Zibini izitofu. Isebenza ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle ungenelelo lonyango ngexesha lasemini. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba isitofu ukuze bandiqumbise ukwanda lekhefu phakathi iintshukumo nokuphefumla kwiintsana. Oku kuyinyaniso ingakumbi iintsana ngaphambi kwexesha wazalwa phambi kwiveki 28.

Ukulungiselela nokugonywa

Ukuze siphephe iingxaki, ukuqaliswa Hib sokugonya, njengayo nayiphi na, kufuneka ulungiselele. Ukuze wenze oku, ubambe ingxoxo kunye nogqirha wakho okanye wabantwana kwaye acacise yonke ingcaciso eyimfuneko malunga zeepropati kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ichiza. Kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ugonyo kufuneka ube:

• ukuqhuba uviwo epheleleyo gqirha;
• ukukhusela usana adibane nabantu abagulayo;
• ukuba usana Ndaniseza ubisi lwebele, unina kufuneka lazise ukutya ezintsha otya ngayo - oko igcwele ezahlukeneyo negazi lakho.

Iqumrhu Umntu ngamnye iphendula lokugonya ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ukunciphisa okanye uphephe reactions ezingalindelekanga, kucetyiswa:

• emva kogonyo ukuba sihlale phantsi kweliso likagqirha kangangesiqingatha seyure;
• ukwenza iin- yemihla ngemihla, kodwa kuphela kwiindawo apho kukho zoqhaphelo olukhulu yabantu, ekuphela kwendlela ukuthintela usulelo nosulelo;
• Kwiintsuku ezintathu zokuqala, unako ahlambe usana lwakho kwi imvula ngakumbi akukho ngaphezu kwemizuzu 3;
• ngaphandle ukuqaliswa ezityiwa usana okanye iimveliso ezintsha sikanina.

Haemophilus lokugonya kunokubangela aleji amacandelo ngamnye, ukuze njengenyathelo lokuthintela kufuneka kuthathwe iziyobisi ezifana "Suprastin" okanye "Zodak" (iingcebiso kagqirha).

Izimo

Ngokutsho imiyalelo, Isitofu contraindicated ku:

• abantu ukunyamezelana ngamnye ukuya amacandelo ichiza;
• abantwana kunye uxabane kule lokugonya okanye namanye amachiza;
• abantwana kunye uxabane ukuya toxoid ngqi.

Kuba nokwenziwa epheleleyo macandelo imveliso emzimbeni kufanele kube sempilweni ngokupheleleyo.

iimeko yokugcina ifomu Ukukhululwa sogonyo

Ibhotile amayeza kunye nesirinji kunye nesisombululo ukuba isitofu evela pack thermal. Ukuthengwa le mveliso kuvumelekile kuphela kumaziko ezempilo.

nengqayi agcinwe ogonyo kwisibandisi, iqondo elilelona - degrees 2-8 Celsius. Ukuba yokulungiselela igcinwe kwiqondo lobushushu aphantsi, ukuba ulahlekelwa inkoliso iipropati yayo esebenzayo. ukusetyenziswa Ixesha lokugonya - iminyaka emi-3, emva koko isetyenziswa.