Ulwazi malunga nenkqubo kwiWindows: njani ukujonga nokuba kutheni?

Ngokuqinisekileyo namhlanje, nayiphi na umsebenzisi olungeleyo okanye ongaphantsi oza kubiza iiparitha zekhompyutheni yakhe okanye ulwazi malunga nenkqubo, kubandakanywa "inkqubo yokusebenza", ifayile kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo kwenkqubo, ixabiso le-RAM, disk, njl. Kodwa a baninzi bayazi ukuba oku kulungile, Ngoko ukuthetha, inxalenye yommandla we-iceberg. Yaye ukuba ufuna ukwazi indlela yesiteshi se-DMA? Yintoni oyenzayo ngoko? Ngoku makhe sithethe malunga nendlela yokufunda zonke iiparitha ngokubanzi.

Ulwazi olubanzi malunga nenkqubo

Abasebenzisi abaninzi, ngokuqinisekileyo, banokucaphuka, bathi, yiziphi iimpazamo ezimbi ezibangelwa ukuchofoza ngokuchanekileyo kwikhompyutheni yekhompyutheni, apho ungabona ulwazi oluyisiseko kwi-terminal okanye laptop yakho?

Impendulo ihleli kumbuzo ngokwawo. Ulwazi oluchazwe kweli candelo lusemgangathweni kwaye aluniki umfanekiso opheleleyo woqwalaselo.

Okufanayo kuya kumgangatho oqhelekileyo "Umphathi weDivaysi". Ngokuqinisekileyo, iyakwazi ukubona yonke "insimbi" okanye izakhi ezibonakalayo ezikhoyo kwinkqubo, nokuba ngaba zikhubazekile kwi-BIOS okanye abo baneengxaki okanye iingxabano. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka ube nolwazi olupheleleyo malunga ne-hardware kunye nesoftware sobume ukwenzela ukuchonga izizathu zokungaphumeleli nokuphelisa iingxaki ezivela.

Ulwazi lweNkqubo: Windows OS Software

Kwiyiphi na "inkqubo yokusebenza" yentsapho yeWindows, kukho umbukeli wenkcubeko wololu hlobo lwazi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba nguqulelo lwenkqubo ngokwayo.

Zininzi zamaparitha ahlukeneyo apha apha. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ezinye zazo azidingekanga kumsebenzisi oqhelekileyo emsebenzini wazo wemihla ngemihla, kodwa iingcali ezibandakanya ukulungiswa okanye idilesi yee-terminals zekhomputha, loo nkcazelo inokuthi kuninzi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba i-utility in-built in iqokelela ulwazi malunga nenkqubo yangasemva, ngokukhawuleza isabela kwinguqu encinci kwindlela yokucwangcisa kuwo onke amanqanaba. Kwaye oku kubangela ukuba "isiqhelo" seWindows sisetyenziswe kuphela.

Ndijonga njani i-data parameters yedatha?

Ngoku makhe sibone indlela onokujonga ngayo ulwazi malunga nenkqubo. Kukho ubuncinane iindlela ezintathu zokwenza oku ku-Windows.

Indlela eqhelekileyo yokusebenzisa imenyu ethi "Qala" kunye nokhetho olulandelayo lweenkqubo zokuncedisa okanye izixhobo zokulawula, apho ukwahlula okufunwayo kufumaneka khona (umahluko kwindawo leyo ngenxa yeenguqu ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo "yokusebenza" ngokwayo).

Indlela yesibini neyesithathu nayo ilula. Kodwa abasebenzisi abaninzi banokulibala ngabo, okanye nje ababazi ngabo. Ungasebenzisa imenyu ethi "Run" (Win + R), apho umyalelo msinfo32 umiselwe. Unokuhamba ngenye indlela, kuqala ngokubiza umgca womyalelo (Win + R + cmd), uze ufake ulwazi lwenkqubo. Ngokomgaqo, indlela le nkqubo iya kuthiwa ngayo, ayidlala indima ekhethekileyo. Ubani ngokubhetele ngakumbi.

Izinto eziyinhloko zemenyu

Ngoku makhe sijonge oko kukuthakazelisa kwicandelo "leNkcukacha yeNkqubo". Nazi ezinye iindidi ezingundoqo. Kukhawuleza siqwalasela umgca wolwazi jikelele. Apha, akukho kuphela ulwazi malunga neprogram ye-Windows kuboniswe, kodwa kunye nenani leeparitha ezihambelana nayo. Umzekelo, inguqulelo, ukwakha, ukubeka i disk, i-bootloader, njl. Unokubona ngokukhawuleza iinguqulelo zangoku ze-BIOS kunye ne-SMBIOS, idatha yomsebenzisi kunye ne-geolocation, ulwazi kwi "RAM" kunye nememori ebonakalayo okanye kwimoya yeModyuli ye-Hyper-V, ukuba Ezo zikhoyo. Emva koko, icandelo lezxhobo zekhompyutha lilandelayo. Umsebenzisi osemgangathweni akanakwenzeka ukuba aqonde uhlobo luni lwedatha. Kodwa umlawuli wenkqubo unokujonga ngokulula iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zokuphelisa oku okanye ukukhawuleza kwinqanaba le "hardware".

Unomdla kakhulu kumacandelo amacandelo. Kufana nese "Umphathi weDivaysi", kodwa idatha echazwe kuyo ichazwe ngokubanzi. Emva koko, apha awukwazi ukubona kuphela igama lenkampani, kodwa ulwazi malunga neefayili zomqhubi. Ukongeza, kwi-multimedia, zonke ii-codec kunye nee-decoders ezifakwe kwi-system, kwiisetyenziselwano zee-network - iipameter zabo eziphambili, kwiidiski zokuqhuba kunye nabalawuli-idatha yabo, njl. Ngokubanzi, unokufunda okungakumbi kwilolu lwazi kunokuba lunikwe Umphathi. Ngokwahlukileyo, kuyafaneleka ukubeka ingqalelo kwizixhobo ezinokubambisana (ukungasebenzi). I-Windows OS ngokwayo ayikwazi ukuhlala imela ulwazi olunjalo kumphathi, kwaye apha kwicandelo ngalinye elihlulekayo lingafumana ubuninzi.

Ekugqibeleni, kwicandelo lendawo yesofthiwe, unokufumana yonke inkcazelo yomsebenzisi malunga nabaqhubi, iimodyuli, indawo eguquguqukayo, efakwe kunye nezicelo ezikhutshwe ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neenkonzo. Kwaye kwanolwazi malunga neephene. "Kwiinkqubo zokusebenza" ezingagqibekanga, unokufumana amanqaku amaninzi okukhethwa kwiphequluli - yonke into echaphazelekayo kwi-Intanethi okanye ifake iIfayile ye-Office. Ngokubanzi, njengoko bethetha, kukho ulwazi olwaneleyo. Kodwa bambalwa abantu bayazi ukuba kwimeko yolu hlelo unokwazi ukujonga iiparitha zee-terminals zekhompyutha ezikude okanye ulondoloze ulwazi malunga nenkqubo kwifayile enye yombhalo kunye nokwandiswa. Nfo (le nkqubo inokusebenza kunye na .cab okanye .xml ifomathi).

Iinkonzo zenkampani yesithathu zokujonga ulwazi lwenkqubo

Phakathi kwezibonelelo zenkampani yesithathu unokuzibona iinkqubo ezithandwa kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, uMncedisi we-PC esuka kumqambi we-CPUID, oqhelekileyo kuninzi kwi-utility CPU-Z, okanye izicelo ezincinci njenge-SIW, System Spec, FreeSysInfo, njl.

Ngokuqhelekileyo banemisebenzi enomdla enxulumene nokusekwa okanye izixhobo zokuvavanya, ezenza zithandwa kakhulu kwintsimi yazo.

Isiphelo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, kunokuqatshelwa ukuba ulwazi malunga nenkqubo yabasebenzisi abaninzi emsebenzini akuyi kuba luncedo ngakumbi. Kodwa kubalawuli beenkqubo, abaphuhlisi beekhompyutheni ezihambelanayo okanye nje kwiingcali ezibandakanya ukuhlanganiswa okanye ukulungiswa, loo data iya kubaluleke kakhulu. Nangona abanye abasebenzisi bangasebenzisa kwakhona. Yithi, kwimeko apho ufuna ukususa ngesandla umqhubi, kwaye ukusebenzisa akukwazi ukuba ungayifumana phi.