AmaYuda aneeholide yiveki, egujwa njalo ngoLwesihlanu ngokushona kwelanga. Kubizwa ngokuba yi "Shabbat shalom", oku kuthetha "Sawubona, ngoMgqibelo". Wonke umYuda uthatha inhlonipho ngosuku lwesithandathu lweveki, elikhumbuza injongo yezinto zokomoya ebomini. Siza kufumana, iSabbat - luhlobo luni lweeholide kunye nendlela ekubhiyozelwa ngayo kwaSirayeli.
"NgoMgqibelo onokuthula"
I-Shabbat Shalom ngumhla wokutya weSihlanu onguSabatha. Kutheni le mini yeveki ibonwa ingcwele kumaYuda? Ngenxa yokuba enye yeziseko zobunye bamaYuda. Usuku olungcwele lukhumbuza amaYuda ukuba bebekhoboka eYiputa. Kodwa kamva, oPhezukonke wabakhokela abantu ngaphandle, ukuze bafumane iTorah eSinayi. Umgqibelo luphawu lokuphuma kwamaYuda ekugqilazweni ngokwenyama kunye nokufumana inkululeko engokomoya. Ukubhiyozelwa kweSabatha kukuzaliseka ngokuthe ngqo ngamaYuda emithetho kaThixo yesine: " Khumbulani ukuhlwa kweSabatha ukuyingcwalisa. Iintsuku ezingama-6 zomsebenzi, kunye nosuku lwe-7 lunikezelwa koPhezukonke ophezulu ... "NgomYuda wenkolo," usuku lokuphumla "lubaluleke kakhulu - iSabatha. Iyintoni le holide kwaSirayeli? Kungathiwa u-Israyeli "umi" kwiSabbat. NgoMgqibelo, i-polyclinics, i-arhente karhulumente kunye neentengiso ezininzi azisebenzi kweli lizwe. Uthutho lukawonkewonke aluhambi ezitratweni zase-Israel ukususela ngo-3 ntambama (ubusika) kwaye ukususela ngo-4 ntambama (ihlobo) njalo ngoLwesihlanu. Abantu banokufika kwindawo kuphela ngeeteksi, ezisebenza ngokunyuka (ngoMgqibelo).
Bhiyozela njani iholide?
Isabatha yamaYuda yayisekhona nakwiYiputa yamandulo. AmaYuda ayeneminyaka yobukhoboka baseYiputa afumana imvume yokuphumla ngoMgqibelo. Kwaye konke ukubonga kuMoses. Wakhulela kwintsapho kaFaro. Kwiminyaka emininzi, uMoses wayebukele umsebenzi ocolileyo wabazalwana bakhe. Wayebaxolisa kubo, wajika waya kuFaro ngesicelo sokunika amakhoboka ngosuku lokuphumla ngeveki. UFaro wavuma. Ngoko, iSabbat ikhumbuza amaYuda kungekhona nje umthetho wesine woPhezukonke, kodwa nangenxa yeziphumo ezivela ebukhosini baseYiputa. Ukulungiselela iholide kuqale ngoLwesihlanu. Ngobusuku, ekushoneni kwelanga, yonke intsapho ibuthana kwisidlo somkhosi. I-Shabbat ihlala ilanga: ukususela kwelanga ngoLwesihlanu ukuya kuMgqibelo ofanayo (umxholo weeholide zamaYuda). Ibhinqa ilungiselela iholide; Uphinde ukhanyise amakhandlela ngaphambi kokuba "uMgqibelo woxolo".
Ngeveki yeholide
Iholide enkulu yeSi rayeli yiSabbat. Oko kukuthi, sakwazi ukufumana. Siza kufunda indlela amaYuda alungiselela ngayo "iSabatha elinoxolo". E-Israel, umfazi kuthiwa "ukukhanya kwendlu." Unendima ebalulekileyo ekulungiseleleni iSabbat. AmaYuda anesiko elidala-ihovini yeholide enkulu ye-chala. Ibhinqa, ukupheka isonka sesonka kunye nezandla zakhe, lenze enye ye-mitzvahs engcwele. Ukulungiselela iholide kuqale ngoLwesihlanu kusasa. Umfazi uqala ukulungiselela izitya kunye nezitya ezahlukileyo kwitafile. Ngokwenza njalo, uzama ukutya okuphekiweyo. Kodwa kufuneka akwenze oku okulungileyo: musa ukukhahlela ukutya, kodwa ugxume ukutya, usebenzise iBrachi. Itheyibhile yokugcoba kufuneka ihlanganiswe ngeetafile kuze kube sekupheleni kweeholide (mhlawumbi imhlophe). Ngaphambi kokuba i-shabbat yindoda nganye kunye nomfazi ngamnye ihlambe okanye ibhedi. Ukuba kukho ixesha elincinane ngaphambi kweeholide, ke izandla kunye nobuso kuphela zivunyelwe ukuhlamba ngamanzi.
Ukukhanyisa kwamakhandlela
Le ntlanganiso engcwele yenziwa ngabafazi abangamaYuda. Ukukhanyisa kwamakhandlela kwiSabbat kwenziwa ngokunyamekela nokuzinikela okukhethekileyo. Esi siko sizisa uxolo kunye nokuvisisana kumakhaya amaYuda. Abasetyhini abhiyozela iholide ekhaya bavame ukukhanyisa ikhandlela ezi-2 ngokuthe ngqo kwitheyibhi yokuzonwabisa okanye kufuphi. Ngamanye amaxesha kusetshenziswe izibani zeoli. Inyaniso yokuba umsikazi okhanyise ikhandlela ayithethi ukuqala kweSabatha kwendlu. Bangakwazi ukwenza izinto zabo eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa lona mfazi ukususela kulo mzuzwana akanalo ilungelo lokwenza umsebenzi aze adle ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga. Amakhandlela akufanele avule ngaphandle kweemitha ezili-18 ngaphambi kokushona kwelanga. Akwazi ukufuduswa ukusuka kwindawo ukuya kwindawo. Kwi-Shabbat, ikhandlela ezide zithengwa ukuze zisebenze de kube sekupheleni kwesidlo sesidlo.
Isidlo seSabatha
Le ngenye yezinto eziphambili zeeholide. Intsapho iqokelela kwitheyibhile yesiLwesihlanu, apho iibhandlela sele zitshisa. Iindwendwe kunye neendwendwe kufuneka zihlale etafuleni lexesha lokuzonwabisa, ukulibala malunga neengxaki zobomi bemihla ngemihla kunye nexhala. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukudla, amaYuda ahlabelela "uShalom Aleichem", azinikele kwiDydush aze ahlambe izandla. Kuza iSabatha. Ixesha lokuqala kwalo lilanga ilanga ngoLwesihlanu. Yonke intsapho iqala ukutya, okufuneka iqule ukutya okulungileyo: intlanzi, inyama kunye nezidlo ezidliwayo. Kule tafile kukho iihales 2, xa iSabatha ifika. Yintoni na kwaye kutheni kudliwe ngobukhulu obuphindwe kabini? I-Halas isonka esingumhlophe, esilungiselwe "iSabatha eXolobileyo" ngumfazi ongumYuda. Izibini ezimbini zezonka zesidlo zifakwe kwitafile ngokukhumbula imana yasezulwini uSomandla anike amaYuda xa bebuya eYiputa entlango. Ngaloo mini, uThixo wabanika abantu besonka sasezulwini kabini. IMana isonka sasezulwini. Ngeholide yeSabatha, udibene ne-chala. Ngethuba lokutya, amaYuda acula iingoma zeSabatha. Kukholelwa ukuba ngexesha leSabatha endlwini kufuneka kulawulwe umoya wovuyo noxolo. Wonke umntu oqokelele kwitheyibhi yokuzonwabisa, xubusha imicimbi yeveki ekhoyo okanye uchaze amabali anomdla wokubomi.
Shalom!
AmaYuda ayabingelela, ethetha igama elithi "shalom". Ekuguquleleni, lithetha "ukugqibelela." Ngoko ke, "shalom" kukubonakaliswa kwangaphandle kwekhwalithi yangaphakathi engcono kunye nemeko yomntu. Ukugqibezela apha akuhambelani nemimiselo yezinto ezibonakalayo, kodwa ubeka umntu ngokomoya. Ngoko ke, kwiintlanganiso amaYuda athi "Shalom!", Ngaloo ndlela bafuna ukuphelelana ngokomoya. Igama elifanayo lisetyenziswe ngexesha lokwahlukana. Kulula ukuqagela ukuba kutheni iSabatha linalo igama - "Shabbat shalom!". AmaYuda athi "iSabatha eXolobileyo" ngumkhosi oqaqambileyo u-Israyeli anokuziqhayisa ngawo. I-Shabbat inceda abantu abangamaYuda baqonde ukuba ebomini kunamanani aphezulu kunempahla yasemhlabeni kunye nokunxanela inzuzo yezinto eziphathekayo. I-Shabbat isifundisa ukuphila ubomi obungunaphakade nobungcwele. Kwaye abo bahlonela iSabatha baya kuvuzwa ngokufanelekileyo. " Ngaphezulu kwamaYuda agcina iSabatha, iSabatha yagcina amaYuda ."