Pulse: ubume iimpawu, ukubetha itafile ngenxa yobudala

Ngexesha yindibanisela intliziyo olujikeleza utyhalelwa enye inxalenye yegazi. hit wawo eludongeni Umthambo kudala intlokoma leyo ukusasaza nge nempahla, ukuba kwimida ngokuthe ngcembe. Kwakhona waba eyaziwa ngokuba ukubetha kwentliziyo.

Yintoni ubume?

kwemithambo, imithambo yegazi kunye emithanjeni: Xa abantu iintlobo ezintathu imithambo yegazi, zikhona. Ukukhutshwa igazi wentliziyo ngendlela enye okanye omnye kuchaphazela bonke bephela, ebangela ukuba oscillate eludongeni. Kakade ke, njengoko kwemithambo ikufutshane izitya intliziyo ibekwe lwezifundo bephenjelelwa kwemveliso intliziyo. Ukuhla kwiindonga zabo izimisele kakuhle Ngokucofa, kunye nempahla enkulu nkqu alibonakali ngeliso lenyama. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukubetha esimbaxa ke ibaluleke kakhulu ngenxa uxilongo.

Emithanjeni - iimpahla yegazi incinane emzimbeni womntu, kodwa bafumana intliziyo. kweendonga sendlebe ngexesha kwesantya ngentliziyo, kodwa rate kumiselwa kuphela ngoncedo izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Lubonakale lenyama iliso capillary ukubetha - luphawu ngezifo.

Iphuma isuswe entliziyweni ukuze kweendonga zawo akahexa. Ekuthiwa-ukubetha lwemithambo - a intlokoma transfer kunye imithambo ezinkulu kakhulu zishiyane.

Kutheni ukumisela ubume?

Yintoni intsingiselo ngenxa uxilongo iindonga ezinemigca kukho intlokoma? Kutheni le nto kubaluleke kangaka?

Pulse ikuvumela ukuba agwebe haemodynamic, njani kuncitshiswa ngempumelelo umsipha, malunga inzaliseko kwebhedi semithambo, phezu kwisingqi zisaphila.

Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zophendlo lwezifo kuyahlukahlukana ubume, uphawu ukubetha liyayeka ukuba ahambelane eqhelekileyo. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba ukrokrela ukuba yegazi ayikho konke kulungile.

Ziziphi parameters ukumisela ubume? Iimpawu ze ukubetha

1. Rhythm. Intliziyo eqhelekileyo ibetha qho ngamathuba amiselweyo, yaye ngenxa yoko iqondo intliziyo kufuneka ezinesingqi.
2. Ubuninzi. Pulse igagasi eziqhelekileyo njengokuba intliziyo beats ngomzuzu.
3. Ombane. Le rate ixhomekeke uxinzelelo lwegazi iSystolic. I aphezulu ngayo, kuba nzima ukuba compress kwemithambo ngeminwe yakho, ie, ukubetha ombane aphezulu.
4. Filling. Kuxhomekeke umthamo wegazi betekisi yi intliziyo ngexesha systole.
5. Ubuninzi. Le mbono lidibanisa umxholo kunye nengxabano.
6. Ifomu - yenye parameter egqiba ubume. iimpawu sazi kwimeko elinikiweyo kuxhomekeke utshintsho wegazi izitya ngexesha systole (nokuncipha) kunye diastole (nokuphumla) kwentliziyo.

arrhythmias

Xa ephule okanye isizukulwana ngayo la yi izishunqulelo intliziyo kwezihlunu kwisingqi intliziyo ziyohluka, kwaye nalo, yaye litshintsha ubume. Ezinye nokunyuka udonga nemithambo aqale kuwa, okanye kuvela ngaphambi kwexesha, okanye landela omnye komnye kumathuba ezitenxileyo.

Yintoni arrhythmias?

Arrhythmias ukutshintsha nokusebenza sinus (isahlulo engabalulekanga elenza pulses ibangele kunciphiso umsipha)

1. Sinus tachycardia - yokubakho qho kwesibeleko.
2. Sinus bradycardia - ukuhla nezihlandlo kwesibeleko.
3. Sinus arrhythmia - yabetha intliziyo kumathuba ezitenxileyo.

arrhythmias ethunjini. imbonakalo yazo uba kunokwenzeka xa kukho ugxininiso kwi myocardium nge umsebenzi ngaphezu esiludumbo sinus. Kulo meko, kwesincedisi- entsha zinqanda umsebenzi nevuthisayo nokunyanzelisa isingqi izinga intliziyo yabo.

1. Beats - ukuvela yomntanakhe ngokungaqhelekanga. Kuxhomekeka lizwe ukujoliswa ethunjini ngayo ibetha excitation zezi atrial, ventricular kunye atrioventricular.
2. tachycardia Paroxysmal - ukunyusa izinga intliziyo ngesiquphe (ukuya ku 180-240 zisaphila ngomzuzu). Kanye beats inokuba atrial, ventricular kunye atrioventricular.

Ukophulwa ubume myocardium (ekuvaleni). Kuxhomekeka lizwe iingxaki ethintela inkqubela eqhelekileyo umlawuli angxamele luvo ukusuka esiludumbo sinoatrial, kwafa yahlulwe ngamaqela:

1. ibloko Sinoauricular (ukubetha ngokwenza esiludumbo sinus).
2. block Intraatrial.
3. ibloko Atrioventricular (ngokwentshukumisa azidluliselwa ukusuka imithambo ukuya ventricles). Xa olupheleleyo atrioventricular block (isidanga III) kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho ipacemaker ezimbini (esiludumbo sinoatrial kunye iziko excitation kwi ventricles ngentliziyo).
4. block Intraventricular.

Ngokwahlukeneyo kufanele ahlale phezu kunye nakusekuqhwanyazeni enomoya atrial okanye fibrillation. Ezi meko ezibizwa ngokuba arrhythmia epheleleyo. Sinus node kulo mzekelo ayisekho nesincedisi-ntliziyo, yaye myocardium lwe imithambo okanye ventricles kwakheka nakujoliso olutsha ezininzi kunabanye abantu excitation ezichaza isingqisho intliziyo ekunciphiseni frequency olukhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kule meko, imisipha intliziyo lingenako ekwehleni ngokwaneleyo. Ngoko ke, lo kwezimilo (ingakumbi ukusuka ventricles) esisongela ubomi bakho.

rate Heart

izinga intliziyo yokuphumla umntu omdala ibetha 60-80 ngomzuzu. Kakade ke, eli nani ziyohluka ubomi. Pulse ngokobudala yohlukile kakhulu.

Kusenokuba kukho ukungangqinelani phakathi kwenani zisaphila kunye nenani ngamaza ukubetha. Oku kwenzeka xa lo egazini betekisi umthamo omncinane wegazi (insufficiency kwentliziyo, ukwehliswa ubungakanani elijikeleza igazi). Kule meko oscillations beendonga inqanawa ukuze kungenzeki.

Ngenxa yoko, ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntu (eqhelekileyo ubudala kubonisiwe ngentla) akusoloko kumiselwa phezu imithambo yoluvo. Oku, nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba intliziyo nazo lifinyele. Kusenokubakho ukuhla ejection amaqhekeza.

ombane

Kuxhomekeka ukutshintsha esi salathisi iyatshintsha kunye ukubetha. ukubetha ombane uphawu kwisahlulo yayo ubonelela iintlobo zilandelayo:

1. ukubetha Solid. Ngenxa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (BP), ingakumbi iSystolic. Aliqhawule kwemithambo ngeminwe yakho kule meko kunzima kakhulu. Inkangeleko yalo ukubetha ntlobo ibonisa imfuno ngokukhawuleza ulungiso of wegazi kwiziyobisi umfutho.
2. ukubetha Soft. Kwemithambo ke zixinaniswe lula, kwaye ayilunganga kakhulu, kuba olu hlobo ukubetha kubonisa wegazi kakhulu. Mhlawumbi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo: nokunciphisa umthamo wegazi, ukuncitshiswa ithoni semithambo, zisaphila oluf.

egcwalisa

Kuxhomekeka utshintsho kwesi salathisi kukho iintlobo ukubetha zilandelayo:

1. Full. Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi lokuhamba kwi imithambo ngokwaneleyo.
2. Sula. Le ukubetha kwenzeka xa kukho umthamo omncinane wegazi betekisi yi intliziyo ngexesha systole. Izizathu ukwimeko enjalo abe ngezifo entliziyweni (ukusilela intliziyo, arrhythmia ezinereyithi intliziyo kakhulu) okanye ukuncipha umthamo igazi emzimbeni (ukopha, emzimbeni).

Ixabiso lika ubume

Esi salathisi idibanisa umxholo kunye ukubetha ombane. Kuxhomekeke becala ekwandisweni imithambo ngexesha ucutheko ezesifuba nokuphumla kwi iposi yayo ukubola. Ubukhulu ntlobo zilandelayo ukubetha:

1. Esikhulu (phezulu). Oku kwenzeka kwimeko apho kukho ukwanda ejection iqhekeza nokwehla ithoni nodonga wegazi. Ubukhulu xi systole kunye diastole yahluka (kuba omnye umjikelo kwentliziyo yokusebenza liphuma kakhulu yaye emva koko kunciphisa kakhulu). Izizathu ekhokelela isenzeko ukubetha kwentliziyo enkulu inokuba insufficiency aortic, thyrotoxicosis, nomkhuhlane.
2. ukubetha Small. Igazi olujikeleza betekisi bit ithoni lwemithambo liphezulu, ukungalingani uxinzelelo kwi systole kunye low diastole. Izizathu zale meko: stenosis aortic, ukusilela intliziyo, legazi, ukothuka. Kwiimeko ingakumbi kakhulu, ixabiso ukubetha ingaba minor (oku kuthiwa ukubetha kwentliziyo thready).
3. ukubetha Uniform. Lubonakala njengoko ixabiso kwamaza eqhelekileyo.

Imilo oscillation ukubetha

Kule parameter ubume wahlulwe iindidi ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Fast. Kulo mzekelo, ngexesha systole uxinzelelo kwi aorta yandiswa ngokubonakalayo, kwaye diastole kunciphisa ngokukhawuleza. ukubetha Rapid luphawu uphawu insufficiency aortic.
2. Slow. Imeko esahlukileyo, apho kukho uxinzelelo ukuhla kakhulu kwi systole kunye diastole. ukubetha enjalo ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa ubukho stenosis aortic.

Indlela ukuphanda ukubetha ngokuchanekileyo?

Mhlawumbi wonke umntu uyazi ukuba yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubume umntu. Noko ke, nkqu izakhi elula efana inemisebenzi ukuba ufuna ukwazi.

Pulse zihlolelwe peripheral (iphiramidi ebonisa unxibelelwano) kunye buti (carotid) imithambo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kwimveliso ephantsi kwentliziyo kwimiphetho amaza ukubetha ayikwazi ukuba andibhaqwa.

Cinga ukuba palpate indlela ubume kusondele. Umthambo iphiramidi ebonisa iyafumaneka ukuze uphando kwisihlahla ngezantsi nje isiseko ubhontsi. Xa kumiselwa ubume iviwe zombini kwemithambo (ekhohlo nasekunene), njengoko kusenokubakho iimeko xa pulses noxinzelelo azifani kuzo zombini iingalo. Oku kube ngenxa ucinezelo wesingxobo ezivela ngaphandle (umz, ithumba) okanye occlusion of sayo yayo (thrombus, ibhodi atherosclerotic). Emva bethelekisa ukubetha elilinganisiweyo phezu kwengalo apho kakuhle iviwe ngesandla. Kubalulekile ukuba isifundo ukuhla ukubetha kwi kwemithambo ingenamntu umnwe, yaye bambalwa (kakuhle nimrhawule kwisihlahla ukuze iminwe-4, ngaphandle nasesithupheni, baba phezu kwemithambo iphiramidi).

Njani ubume kwi kwemithambo carotid? Ukuba amaza ukubetha peripheral ndibuthathaka kakhulu, ungenza ukuhlola ubume izinto ezinkulu. Indlela elula ukuzama ukufumana phezu kwemithambo carotid. Ukuze wenze oku, iminwe emibini (index kunye ophakathi) kufuneka sibekwe kwindawo apho kwemithambo elikhankanyiweyo eqikelelweyo (ekupheleni phambi esihlunwini sternocleidomastoid phezulu apile Adam). Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ekunene ukuphanda sazi omabini akunakwenzeka. Ukuphehla kwemithambo ezimbini carotid kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwegazi apha ebuchotsheni.

Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngexesha lokuphumla kunye phantsi komsebenzi eziqhelekileyo hemodynamic ngokulula kumiselwa njengoko neuropathy kunye nempahla central.

A amagama ambalwa esiphelweni

Pulse umntu (yobudala yesiqhelo kufuneka ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kuphononongo) ivumela ukuba bafikelele kwizigqibo malunga nobume hemodynamics. Ezi okanye ezinye utshintsho ukubetha parameters oscillation zidla iimpawu uphawu States ezithile zophendlo lwezifo. Kungenxa yoko le nto isifundo kwamaza ixabiso elikhulu diagnostic.