Nomthetho wamaTshayina

Umthetho nangoku ubonelela redistributions periodic capitation (olimekayo) zokwabelwa umhlaba kunye noxanduva lwakhe andiphathise abasemagunyeni zoluntu (iinkosi). Ngelo xesha ke wathi kuloo ndawo apho umhlaba inqabile, kufuneka anike iziza ezincinane ngaphezu mali lusekiwe. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba ngokukhululekileyo (nangona kukwazi abasemagunyeni) ukuba wathengisa ngentsimi "nokulima obungunaphakade", phantsi kweemeko ezithile, wazibeka phezu ngokwentloko yayo. Kwezinye iimeko (kungekho abasebenzi kunye host inkonzo kwenye indawo) ekuvumelekileyo kunye nokunikezelwa nobakhuphela ke, njengoko umthetho, Akuvunyelwe. nomthetho wamaTshayina ....

Izilungiso zamakishwa aza exceptions zibonisa ukuba Tang, njengokuba ngaphambili, ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo kwisabelo kwaba ungadlulanga kuthetha ezifana ingqesho jikelele umhlaba ngokulinganayo. Ngoko ke, isiphelo luvakaliswe ngentla apha, ukuba kwiindawo ezininzi inkqubo isabelo eso kuphela kwingxelo ayekhona ngokoqobo imiyalelo apho ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, kusebenza ixesha ezichazwe.

Oku kuba ngamandla kakhulu ukuba iinkalo "ngokutsha" ngoku lithweswe ngokusesikweni kuluntu kwilali ngokwabo. Ngaphezu koko, ngokuhamba kwexesha, abaphandi baye baphawula umkhwa ukunciphisa indawo yomhlaba kwiifama nadelnikov ngokunciphisa ngamayelenqe capitation ukusetyenziswa okwethutyana.

Kunjalo inkqubo isabelo olunikiweyo homesteading mu ubuncinane 20 somhlaba "nokulima obungunaphakade", leyo, njengokuba umthetho, nangona elinywayo, kungekhona phantsi komthi yemibhaka, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi kwaye abe nobukhulu obahlukeneyo namasimi capitation olimekayo. Inani lamakhaya abhalisiweyo - iiyunithi ezisisiseko irhafu - ukuya phakathi kwenkulungwane VIII. bugqithe 8.9 million., esalinikwayo ebuncwaneni ingeniso ebalulekileyo azinzile.

inkqubo isabelo ngexesha Sui kunye Tang ezinikiweyo kunye ilifa wabanumzana kunye namagosa. Xa Sui ngabafo wayekholose ubunini ukusuka mu-40 ukuya 100 Ch'ing emhlabeni kunye namagosa - ukususela 5 Ch'ing ukuba ephakamileyo phambili kunye ukuhla mu 50 ngasinye ephantsi-isikhundla.

Xa Tang nesikhulu ezilungisayo kunye nabantu izihloko ezahlukeneyo, wanikwa njengoko entsimini "nokulima angunaphakade 'mu 60 ukuya 100 Ch'ing, kunye namagosa aphezulu (ukuya wobumbano wesihlanu) - 5 ukuya 60 Ch'ing. Amagosa ezintlwini ntsi naye, wafumana ubunini ezinjalo, kodwa ukusuka 'olujikelezayo "ilizwe ekhethekileyo fund isabelo, yaye ngoko ubungakanani alukhankanywanga. Ngaphezu koko, onke amagosa wafumana nkqu 'umhlaba phezulu "indawo leyo azifani ngokuxhomekeke elikwisikhundla phakathi kwe-12 ne-2 Ch'ing.

nomthetho wamaTshayina