Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendlela Ubuntu lumiselwe network. Le nkqubo yokusebenza izixhobo eziliqela engumzobi umsebenzi. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe womnatha ulawulo usebenzisa ilayini yomyalelo.
interfaces Ethernet
Kucwangciso Ubuntu iinkxalabo womnatha yokuqala nobu buchwepheshe. interfaces Ethernet kwisixokelelwano zibizwa ngokuba ethX. Kulo mzekelo, X - yinto inani elithile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uhlobo Ethernet interface lokuqala yonyulwa eth0. Inani konyuso ekugqibeleni mnye. Ukuze ngokukhawuleza ukuchonga kulolonke ujongano womnatha ezikhoyo, ungasebenzisa i ifconfig umyalelo.
Kukho enye indlela. Enye isicelo ezinokunceda ukuchonga ujongano womnatha ekhoyo - umyalelo lshw. In Ubuntu network uqwalaselo evela console ngoncedo esi sisombululo ikuvumela ukuba uyayazi inombolo uxhulumano, ulwazi ibhasi, ulwazi umqhubi, kunye uluhlu lweempawu ezixhasiweyo. Amagama ubhalo efunekayo ujongano lingakhankanywa kwifayile net.rules.
Sichubeka kwinyathelo elilandelayo. Ukuba ufuna ukufumana ukuba yeyiphi na kujongano ukufumana igama elithile ubhalo, fumana umgca elivumelana a emzimbeni Mac-idilesi element elinikiweyo. Ukutshintsha ixabiso NAME = ethX. Balula ukuba igama enengqondo. Iqalise inkqubo ukufaka utshintshi. Kukho inkqubo Ethtool ekhethekileyo oguqula ezigunyazisiweyo izicwangciso ikhadi network apho yeevidiyo Wake-on-LAN, imo kabini, isantya port kunye auto-thethwano. Esi sixhobo ayifakwanga ekuqaleni, kodwa iyafumaneka kwi zokugcina. Utshintsho wenza ngokusebenzisa ixesha iqela Ethtool. Baya kucinywa emva siphinde le nkqubo. Ukuba ufuna ukugcina ezi zicwangciso, yongeza umyalelo Ethtool efanelekileyo, nokwenza kwayo lwenjongano pre-up umgca ifayile. Isisombululo echazwe isebenza bobulali kuphela statically iqwalaselwe, kodwa nezinye embodiments, umzekelo, DHCP.
IP ebhekisela
Xa inyathelo elilandelayo ukuqwalasela network Ubuntu idityaniswe ngqo izicwangciso IP-computer, kunye nesango. Eli nyathelo kuyimfuneko lombutho connectivity yengingqi kwakunye yokungena intanethi. Ukuze wenze izicwangciso yethutyana inethiwekhi usebenzisa imiyalelo ezisemgangathweni: indlela, ifconfig kunye IP. Ezi izisombululo Izakutshintsha ngephanyazo lokusetyenziswa kwazo. Nangona kunjalo, le uqwalaselo kulo mzekelo iza kucinywa emva kokuba uqale. Ukuba amaxabiso DNS olufunekayo uqwalaselo okwethutyana, yongeza i-Umncedisi IP-iidilesi ifayile resolv.conf. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuhlela le nto akunconywa, kodwa ke kuvumelekile xa kuthe loqwalaselo okwethutyana. Ukuba useto parameter zifuneka ayisendim, rhoxisa zonke izicwangciso elilujongano kwindlela ngokusebenzisa umyalelo ip kongezwe ukugungxula. Ukusetha uqwalaselo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngendlela echazwe oku ukucoca imixholo resolv.conf. Ukuphumeza oku, cima okanye ngesandla ukutshintsha iirekhodi ezifanelekileyo. Unako kwakhona uqalise, ngaloo ndlela resolv.conf ukubhalwa iza kwenziwa.
DHCP client
Okulandelayo, simele womnatha Ubuntu Server setup. Ukuze ukuqwalasela umncedisi ukusebenza DHCP nokubonelela etshintshayo idilesi sabelo, yongeza indlela efanelekileyo kwicandelo idilesi Inet ngenxa kujongano efunekayo element interface. Okulandelayo, sisebenzisa ifup umyalelo. Oku kuya kuvumela ukubandakanya isinxulumanisi kunye ngesandla isebenze DHCP nge dhclient. Sichubeka kwinyathelo elilandelayo. Ukuba abathile setup point Ubuntu network Umncedisi kudinga ngesandla ukukhubaza esibonakalayo, sebenzisa ifdown umyalelo. Iqala inkqubo kokuyeka element kunye DHCP ukukhululwa.
ukuqeshwa isigxina
Ngoku sixoxe ngendlela Ubuntu network uqwalaselo static IP-iidilesi. Ukongeza indlela static kwicandelo Inet ukuba ujongano oluthile interfaces element. Unakho ukusebenzisa umyalelo ifup. It ukuvumela ukwenza i interface ngesandla. Ukuyekisa ilingane umyalelo ifdown. imbonakalo-Special loopback le nkqubo ichazwe nanko. Ngokunga gqibekanga, Ndakumisa le 127.0.0.1 dilesi ilandelayo. Oko kuthathwa ngokusebenzisa umyalelo ifconfig. Ekuqaleni, lo interfaces element niyinikele imigca emibini, athi abenoxanduva ekulungelelaniseni loopback ngokuzenzekelayo. Thina sishiye ezi iinketho uhlobo yayo yoqobo de izizathu ezithile ukulungisa zabo. Kulo inyathelo elilandelayo, isigqibo IP-idilesi esekelwe host igama. Ngaloo ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuba lula ukuchongwa lwemvelaphi.
Ngoko sizicingele indlela ukuphumeza Ubuntu 14. 04 Uqwalaselo Network. Le ncwadana ikufanele kwezinye iinguqulelo le nkqubo yokusebenza.