"Naloxone": imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa, nabalingani real

Xa yezonyango, kukho iimeko apho ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi iziphumo ziyimpendulo overdosing okanye embi amalungu kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo. Amaxesha amaninzi iingxaki ezinjalo ezinxulumene neziyobisi opioid. Ukukhawulezisa ukurhoxiswa kwazo emzimbeni, oogqirha basebenzise amayeza okhethekileyo. Drug "Naloxone" - isixhobo ukunceda ukuphucula imeko kunye libanda of analgesics opioid. Ntoni na nokuba yintoni na indlela yesenzo wayo? Makhe sizame ukuqonda le miba.

Inkcazelo ichiza, ubume kunye nefomu

Medicine "Naloxone" Umsebenzisi Isicelo inxulumene opioid receptor yokuqala. impahla yawo esebenzayo i naloxone hydrochloride. Iifom Izikali enokufunyanwa kwimarike zamayeza, ayikho ezahlukeneyo kunjalo, isisombululo ukuba inaliti kunye iipilisi. ZifunwaEzokugqibela zidweliselwe kunqabile kakhulu kusetyenziswa xa kusenziwa clinical. Ifom ulwelo lolawulo efakwa okanye intramuscular, ngokuchaseneyo, zithandwa kakhulu. Ukubunjwa yesisombululo, ukongeza isithako esebenzayo, kuquka iseti yeekhomponenti standard abangabancedani, sodium chloride, amanzi okuhlamba, asidi organic kunye neetyuwa zayo.

Ifumaneka iziyobisi "Naloxone" kwi ampoules ekhanyayo 1 ml yobungakanani nganye. Uyondelelwano lwee- umchiza esebenzayo idosi enye ngu 0.4 mg.

imveliso zibekelelwe aya impahla endaba kunye cap seplastikhi esitransparenti ye-aluminiyam eneli okanye ngaphandle kwayo. Umqulu ngamnye ibamba ezineengqayi-5.

1 okanye 2 iziphaluka zokuphelelwa ibekwe kwibhokisi yekhadibhodi, kunye nemiyalelo yokusebenzisa le Lancet iziyobisi ampulnam. Ukuba ezineengqayi zixhotyiswe enemisesane ekhethekileyo okanye indawo ngokwaphulwa, iimela okuvulwa zawo kwibhokisi musa ukubeka.

Indlela yokusebenza ye ichiza "Naloxone"

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ichiza "Naloxone" Umsebenzisi Isicelo inxulumene bachasene of nezamkeli opioid. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-arhente ikwazi ethintela ezi receptors, ngaleyo ndlela asuse amanyathelo esembindini engabalulekanga iikhompawundi ukusuka kwiqela opioids. Ukongeza, eli chiza xa ilawulwa kunokubangela uyeka xa izigulane ukuziyeka.

Xa usebenzisa isisombululo "Naloxone", leyo yindlela amanyathelo achazwe apha ngentla, isiphumo kwenzeka ngexeshana elifutshane. Xa yegazi ilawulwa iziyobisi ukusebenza kwimizuzu 1-2, intramuscular emva kwemizuzu emi-5. Ixesha iziphumo zonyango ngeli kuxhomekeka kwindlela ye sisombululo yolawulo. Ukuba isisombululo yaziswa kwi esihlunwini, ichiza isebenza malunga nama-45 emizuzu, naphezu inaliti efakwa - akukho ngaphantsi kweeyure 4.

Iingcali bavame asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izigulana isisombululo "Naloxone". Tablets, ngokuchaseneyo, ababuthathaka elifutshane elide.

Le esisebenza beziyobisi eyibhangisa esibindini ku metabolites. Ixesha layo ezinesiqingatha ubomi encinane, imizuzu nje 30-80. 70% ye idosi "Naloxone" ezilawulwa kwazona yi izintso zingadlulanga iintsuku ezi-3.

Inzuzo ephambili ichiza "Naloxone" kucingelwa ukuba ukungakwazi ukubunjwa kuxhomekeke kuye.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela

Kwezinye iimeko, kucetyiswa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi 'Naloxone "? Imiyalelo zokusetyenziswa ichiza iqulathe uluhlu oluneenkcukacha iimeko apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo inqweneleka kakhulu. Okokuqala, oko kumiselwe kwizigulane emva kotyando. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi "Naloxone" (analogue nayo rhoqo kusetyenziswa kwixesha postoperative) , kule meko kuyanceda ngokukhawuleza wazise umguli bekwimo imithi ubuthongo. "Naloxone" Eli yeza lisetyenziselwa kwaye kupheliswe iimpembelelo yityhefu ethanol, analgesics libanda, barbiturates kunye benzodiazepines.

Amaxesha amaninzi ukusetyenziswa kwayo ugwetyelwayo kwimeko lokuzalwa komntwana kwindawo apho unina ngexesha yabasebenzi zaqaliswa analgesics opioid. Ngokuqhelekileyo, aba bantwana kukho ubunzima kunye nokuphefumla kulogo. Drug "Naloxone" umatshini aze kunceda uvule umsebenzi sokuphefumla. Isisombululo kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa njengesixhobo zokuxilonga kwiimeko phambi orhanelwa likhoboka kweziyobisi umguli.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imeko kuphela isicelo esi sixhobo - zikhombisa engqongqo. Kungenxa yoko le nto yezonyango isetyenziswa ngqongqo kagqirha likagqirha phantsi kweliso lakhe.

Izimo

Phakathi Izimo ukusetyenziswa "Naloxone" imiyalelo ukulungiselela ukusetyenziswa ubhekisela iimeko kunye nezifo ilandelayo:

• Hypersensitivity ukuya into esebenzayo okanye omnye amacandelo ichiza;
• isifo sentliziyo (organic);
• isibindi kakhulu kunye nesifo sezintso;
• ukuxhomekeka zibonakalayo analgesics opoidnyh.

Amanyathelo kufuneka umiselwe ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye ukuxhomekeka kweziyobisi, njengoko uyeka, evela intshayelelo yesisombululo inokuba ngokungalunganga kuchaphazela imeko Palsy. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo ukusetyenziswa xa kuzalwa omama ngexesha lokukhulelwa kakubi opoidnymi.

Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, iinzuzo ichiza kufuneka libelikulu nobungozi yeengxaki kumguli. Siyakukhumbuza ukuba kuphela ukwenza i "Naloxone" kagqirha iziyobisi. Migqaliselo ngohlobo olufanelekileyo yi igqirha khona, isigulane ayithathi Izimo kakhulu yokusetyenziswa kweli chiza.

Iindlela yokuSebenzisa Izikali

Idosi indlela ulawulo zigqitywa oyingcali ngokwesiseko imeko yangoku isigulane. Siya abakwisigaba isisombululo "Naloxone" eqhelekileyo.

Overdosing amachiza iintlungu abadala kufuna ukuqaliswa 0.4 ukuya kwezi-2 mg ukulungiselela (1-4 ampoules) yegazi okanye intramuscularly. A idosi enye zabantwana kubalwa ngokususela ubunzima bomzimba, oko kuthetha ukuba 0.005-0.01 mg / kg.

Kuba ekususeni emikhuhlaneni ebuthongweni-eyabangelwa iziyobisi (kwixesha postoperative), ichiza ilawulwa yegazi kwezi zixa zilandelayo: omdala ne nedosi ye-0.1 mg kulandele kwakhona intshayelelo ekufumaneni ukuphefumla zidityaniswe, abantwana - 0,01 mg / kg ubunzima bomzimba ukubuyisela ukuphefumla.

Kubelekwa isisombululo aziswa yegazi, intramuscularly okanye perkusionno xa imali ye 0.1 mg / ubunzima bomzimba kg kanye.

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, eli chiza yoxilongo ngokungqinelana ichiza ilawulwa yegazi xa umthamo we 0.08 mg.

ukusabela ezingalunganga

Phakathi neziphumo ezibi lokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, "Naloxone" sikhokelo ukhankanya miqathango ilandelayo:

• isicaphucaphu, mhlawumbi ne umnqweno kukuhlanza;
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu;
• ukubetha kwentliziyo kakubi;
• komhlaba kanye yombono;
• ukubila.

Xa izigulane ukuxhomekeka opioid, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kungabangela urhudo, intlungu eyendawo ongaziwayo, udumba isifo ngeempumlo, imvakalelo ukudinwa ngokugqithiseleyo, kuthibaza, isisu kwakunye amahlaba emathunjini. La zithathwa okufana zeziyobisi "engenangqondo." Awabonisi amashumi eziliqela imizuzu.

Drug analogue "Naloxone"

Ngaba kunokwenzeka endaweni ukwakhiwa yokulungiselela ezi ziyobisi "Naloxone"? Analogue kwale ndawo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku inqabile. Ezi ziquka iziyobisi "Narcan" "Naltrexone", "Tsiklozotsin" yaye "Narkantin". iimpawu zabo amayeza, kubonakala kunye Izimo ziyafana abo isisombululo kunye tablets "Naloxone". Ngoko ke kokungafunekiyo ukusebenzisa kubo phambi umzimba xa izigulane kwi yikhompawundi ezifana naloxone hydrochloride.

Noko ke, kukho kufuneka zalo eziluncedo. Umzekelo, ichiza "Naltrexone" usebenza ixesha elide (malunga nama-24 iiyure) kwaye lufumaneka kakhulu ngohlobo iipilisi okanye njengezingxobo ngeyure ngomlomo. Idla kusetyenziselwa ikhowudi kulo mkhuba ngu njengezingxobo zokuthunga phantsi eluswini isisombululo.

Izimvo kulungiselelwa

Phakathi oogqirha "Naloxone" ichiza unalo igama elihle. Ngokutsho kwabo, oko kuyanceda ukugcina izigulane ezininzi xa kuthe libanda, ngengozi okanye ngabom iziyobisi ukusuka kwiqela analgesics kunye / okanye opioids. Nangona inani elikhulu Izimo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ichiza uthathwa ukukhuseleka kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Ngaphezu koko, ngoncedo wayo, uyakwazi ukutyhila efihliweyo ukuziyeka.