Mount McKinley - kunzima ukufikelela encotsheni North America

Mount McKinley ibekwe yesithathu kuluhlu iincopho aphezulu ehlabathini. Phambili kuphela Everest wayo, apho eTibet ekwabizwa ngokuba Qomolangma kunye Aconcagua - lo mlilo yelasezantsi American Andes. Le ntaba ukwakweli kwilizwekazi North American kwaye igqalwa ngabanye njengeziko ngokwejiyografi Alaska zentaba nosingasiqithi ngokwayo. Xa kwincopho zomfana uphuma kwenye Russian, kwathiwa ngokuba Big Mountain, irhafu ukuya ubukhulu yayo emikhulu.

Sisihlandlo sokuqala intaba wenziwa ngu George Vancouver kwinkulungwane XVIII kade, kwabonakala ungeniso kwidayari yakhe malunga Alaska. Uye wenze igalelo elibalulekileyo Wrangell, owathi ngo-1839 Le maphu ibonisa kucacile Alaska zentaba, apho ukuchonga kunye McKinley. Phakathi kwinkulungwane XIX Lavrentiy Zagoskin waya ukufunda eli isiqwenga somhlaba waza wawabetha nkohlakalo kwezi ndawo. Yakuba ifunyenwe Mount McKinley ilungelelanise daredevils ezivela kulo lonke ihlabathi baye bazama sikhwele phezu kwakhe, kodwa ukwenza kube lula oko kwakungelula.

Iliwa engumnqantsa kakhulu neendawo ingafikeleleki lukhuni climbers indlela. Ngaphezu koko, kubanda kakhulu, malunga-5 km phezu komhlaba lobushushu esisigxina ngezantsi -80 ° C. Ukucaca njalonjalo, abantu bayahlupheka ukusuka kwendawo, ngenxa yokuba umoya kwaphela kakhulu. Mount McKinley, imephu leyo ibonakala ngokucacileyo, uye iincopho ezimbini - kuMzantsi nakuMntla. Eyokuqala - yeyona iphezulu, ngoko ke climbers ukuba ehlahla yindlela kuyo, kodwa xa usiya kwicala langasentla, kuya kufuneka achithe ixesha elithile ummelwane wayo.

Khwela i McKinley wazama ngowe-1903, kodwa ke kunokwenzeka ukuba akukho mntu. Ngowe-1906, ugqirha ezaziwayo-kakuhle kunye nomhloli isifundo Kuk wabhengeza ukuba phezulu kwayo phantsi. Iminyaka emithathu, Bobi wanikela phezulu ezulwini, yaye akukho mntu ubenobuganga ukuthandabuza ukuchana yamazwi akhe. Ngowe-1909, Cook wathumela incwadi yocingo ka-Aprili 21, 1908 waphumelela i-North Pole, kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa uRobert Piri wabhengeza ukuba, naye, waba apho, ngo-Epreli 1909. Impembelelo yalo yokugqibela kukuba Cook ebizwa ulixoki wamkhanyela impumelelo yakhe.

Mount McKinley idlale indima ebalulekileyo kule eliphezulu-nkangeleko izityhilelo. Kwakukho amalungu amaphulo ka Cook, abatshintsha ubungqina bakhe, evakalisa ukuba umphandi wayengekho phezulu. Ugqirha wesifundo idayari wafumanisa ukuba andixoki kwaye ngokwenene yaba ngumntu wokuqala babetyelele zombini i-North Pole intaba North American. Namhlanje, lo moyisi phezulu esemthethweni ingqalelo Hudson Wabambelela. Mount McKinley waba phantsi kwakhe ngowe-1913, kwaye umntu wokuqala ukubeka unyawo phezu kwincopho, waba lilungu hambo, uWalter Harper, oyinzalelwane lonke elo lizwe.

Nantoni na, kodwa oku kwincopho namhla Intshona Melika kucingelwa ukuba yenye yezona climbers best nzima. Mount McKinley umnqa indalo enyulu, iyantlukwano eentlobo zezityalo, phakathi engeyiyo kukho kuphela ulele kunye ubulembu, kodwa imithi ezinamagqabi avuthulukayo coniferous, iintyatyambo ezintle. Kwakhona, kukho iindidi ezine elinesibini ezincancisayo, abaphakathi kwayo ingqalelo eyodwa amabhere Grizzly kunye baribaly. Le ubunyulu nobuhle ubuhle itsala amawaka abakhenkethi ngonyaka ngamnye abeza kwezi ndawo.