Moscow SVO - leyo moya?

City of eMoscow, ikomkhulu Russian Federation, yonke imihla sithabathela esifubeni sayo ngabantu abangaphezulu kwezigidi elinesithandathu. Abahlali ezindaweni zokuhlala ezisezidolophini kunye nezixeko satellite lwengingqi, ebizwa ngokuba yi-kommyutery, abantu abasebenza kwikomkhulu, kodwa hayi phakathi YOKUPHILA e Moscow, iindwendwe kunye nezinye izixeko namazwe kwi umsebenzi ngokusisigxina okanye okwethutyana, ex-based assessment abakhenkethi le mass bahlala kwindawo enye abantu kwisinye kwisithathu lilonke.

Moscow Aviahab

megacities Service inkonzo moya bekusoloko nentloko ebuhlungu ngayo nabasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni. Kwikomkhulu, indima amawaka amaninzi aviahaba ogcwalisa indibanisela ezintathu ezinkulu moya Moscow mmandla: Domodedovo DME, VKO Vnukovo kunye Sheremetyevo SVO. Yeyiphi moya yengundoqo okanye enkulu kule triad kunzima ukutsho. Khetha nayiphi na enye kwezinye ngesango umoya nzima nangakumbi ngumba ukuba ushiye imihla ukususela ezinjengeetheminali zabo, kwaye iinqwelo-moya ngamazwe zisebenza ngexesha elinye kwelinye iipaseji umoya ephithizela eYurophu.

History of uphuhliso

Ngokutsho yokuhlela wamazwe ngamazwe yaseFisantekraal kuthiwa Sheremetyevo Moscow SVO. Yeyiphi moya ifihlakeleyo phantsi leligama? Yena uqala ibali wakhe wokuqala kaSeptemba 1953, xa kukho isigqibo USSR iBhunga labaPhathiswa malunga nokucwangciswa ulwakhiwo kwindawo engundoqo ye moya ngenxa imikhosi umoya eSoviet Union. Kwiminyaka emine emva koko, umsebenzi lo moya yokuqala kunye taxiways, yaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva, ngowe-1959, kwakukho lawela-moya wokuqala evela iLeningrad kunye abakhweli ngoMay. Unxibelelaniso nolawulo lwe neenkonzo zorhwebo kunye nobugcisa lwaqhutywa ukusuka kulawulo ekhethekileyo esembindini, ahlelwe ngokomyalelo kuNobhala Jikelele Nikita Khrushchev. ukuba Waba yi ubuhle kunye nobungakanani le London Heathrow iziko eyama, yaye emva kokubuya ukusuka kutyelelo esemthethweni United Kingdom, kusolwa ngempazamo lawisa ibinzana, bathi, bekuya kuba amabhunga ixesha zelizwe kwindawo entsonkothileyo efanayo. Ngaloo mihla, amazwi bebethatyathwa njengabantu inkokheli zopolitiko ikhwelo inyathelo, yaye kwiinyanga ezintathu balwamkelayo ubume beziko umkhweli ukubalekela kwisikhululo Sheremetyevo Moscow SVO. Yeyiphi moya kweli hlabathi kodwa ukuqhayisa lenguqulelo msinya kangaka?

uphuhliso olunye

Ukususela ngo-1961, kunye elisandul kuqaliswa kwi-operation WFP uya isebenze eCuba, eUnited States Canada charter, kwakunye eMexico, Argentina ne Australia. November 20, 1967 kunye airliner moya umcu indiza Aeroflot wavuka kwicala yokuqala kwisixeko saseNew York. Xa gqira emva kwexesha kunye nasekuqaleni, entendeni zakhiwo lukhulu elibala eSoviet Union fumene moya, nto idume eMoscow - SVO. Hayi indlela moya enkulu kwindawo ezinabantu, ingabonwa ngokundwendwela kuyo umntu.

Sheremetyevo-2, okwabizwa ngokuba Terminal F

I-terminal yangoku F, kwaye uyinike igama kwakhona ukuba terminal "Sheremetyevo-2", sivulwe ngoMeyi 6, 1980, kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba kuvulo ngokusesikweni i-Summer Olimpiki Imidlalo eMoscow. Ngexesha itumente yamazwe ngamazwe kukhuphiswano ezemidlalo, lo moya iphathwa malunga nesiqingatha sesigidi abakhweli ngamazwe. Yenzelwe ukuba inkonzo abakhweli abangaphezu kwezigidi ezithandathu ngonyaka, oko ngokucokisekileyo alungisiweyo-2009. umkhweli zone wawuqalekisa wenze kangangoko kunokwenzeka umthamo, ngaphandle imiqobo engeyomfuneko kunye zokwahlula. Indawo of duty iivenkile ezamahala Duty Free uye wacingisisa ngaphandle kwaye isebenze lula abakhweli ezisuka Sheremetyevo SVO. Yeyiphi moya kwizwekazi looMawokhulu bethu ithatha unonophelo kangaka malunga abathengi?

Ukuthandwa charter

Ukususela ngoMatshi 2007, inxalenye moya ngamazwe ukufika kwi ngasentla moya kwikomkhulu, zazihonjiswe kwi-terminal entsha. I uhambo for abakhweli ukufika, ukufika okhankanywe indlela Sheremetyevo SVO C eMoscow. Yeyiphi moya bekuya kuba ingongoma zokugqibela uhambo, abakhenkethi akazange esingenakubangela naliphi na imiba. Kodwa yintoni na ukuphela C?

Ibango elilandileyo moya charter ekuqaleni lobunkokheli senkulungwane ezibini wenza moya ngqo ukuze akhangele amehlo ingxaki ekhulayo yokunqongophala kwendawo kanye ezinjengeetheminali ezimbini umkhweli. Passenger traffic likhula ngokuthe ngcembe unyaka nonyaka. Ngakumbi nangakumbi abantu ukufumana ixesha kunye nemali ukuze bachithe iiveki ezimbini ehlotyeni iholide yabo kwamanye amazwe. Kwaye oku kusebenza kuphela kubahlali kwikomkhulu. kwiindawo ezininzi, ingakumbi qho charter, ndigila Sheremetyevo SVO Airport. Yintoni na moya lokuhamba, hayi ngokwenene ithathelwe ingqalelo xa kulungiselelwa izicwangciso moya. Eyona njongo iphambili, ukusuka kwindawo yorhwebo lwembono, ukusingatha yonke ezifika, kwaye ukunceda abahambi ukuya endleleni, kakuhle ze kugxininiswe koku, Kakade.

esibulalayo C

Ukusombulula ezi ngxaki, kwagqitywa ekubeni kusungulo indlela yesiphelo entsha - Sheremetyevo SVO C. Yintoni moya lokuhamba iyafuneka, kwacaca ukuba bonke abantu, yaye oko indlela ukuya kwisakhiwo esitsha kwaye ibekwe phi na? Ngokukodwa kukulungisa le miba yaphehlelelwa ngabalawuli Aviation ibhasi ezamahala ukusuka Terminal F ukuya Terminal B, kunye yokumisa eliphakathi kufuphi Terminal C, kufuphi owayesakuba Sheremetyevo-1.

Xa mhambi eziqhelekileyo uthandabuzayo ngoko nangoko. Njengokuba, iinqwelo charter cheap kungadala inkonzo ahambelanayo. Kodwa ke inqanaba lenkonzo kwindawo SVO C? Lo moya apha inika abathengi yayo umgangatho ofanayo komgangatho njengoko terminal engundoqo. Kuba lula abakhweli ababandakanyekayo 30 iidesika lokukhangela-in ne-36 eminqubeni ulawulo yokundwendwela. Safety iinkqubo okuqokelelwe-flight zinika izintlu ezintathu-ukuhlolwa inkqubo umthwalo oluzenzekelayo nokulungisa. Large park imoto wayifulela izihlalo 1000 inxulumene kwigalari elitsha ngeenyawo terminal. Ukususela ngo-Oktobha 2008, kwaye sivulelekile ukuba abatyeleli Orthodox yingcwele kumgangatho wesithathu terminal.

Smart nekhuselekileyo

Ngo-2011, Sheremetyevo SVO Umbindi Wolawulo yavulwa. Yeyiphi moya njengoko kunjalo ngoku, yintoni na, unako ukuqonda nabani na, ekhangele nzulu iinkqubo zoshishino nesilungiselelwe ngokukodwa nolungelelwaniso lolawulo yenkonzo abakhweli, impahla yabo kunye moya apho zithutha. inkqubo ividiyo yokucupha Integrated, ukubukela ezithwalwayo kunye baqhubeke-on iimpahla kunegalelo ukhuseleko lwabakhweli. Kwakhona isebenza i-ofisi eyahlukileyo kunye iwotshi yekhompyutha iiprofayili Canine oluqhutywa kummandla abakhweli moya ukuze kuchongwe babe yingozi ngokuhlola nasengqondweni. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka umgangatho 20/12, ukusetyenziswa kuqala kwi-terminal SVO D. Yiyiphi moya eRashiya ukulungele ukuhambisa abakhweli zayo yomthwalo imizuzu-12 emva kokuba sentlalo airliner sipakwe ileli owawusisibonakude, kwaye ingadlulanga imizuzu engama-20 ukuze ityesi yokugqibela?