Komhlaba: yintoni na. Nokufaka imali, ezixabisekileyo kunye nemisebenzi

Ukugcinwa kwemali, imisebenzi yobugcisa kunye nezinye izinto ezixabisekileyo enokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo. Omnye wabo - le idiphozithi. Yintoni na nokuba kusekwa kanjani? Le nkqubo ulungiselelwe, oko kukuthi ezikhutshwayo imithetho ethile kunye namalungiselelo olusisinyanzelo amaxwebhu eqinisekisa ukudluliselwa ukuya yokugcina izinto ezithile. Indawo, kwakunye idipozithi iimeko zixhomekeke yokuba lo mbandela isivumelwano phakathi kwamaqela, anokuba zombini abantu ngokwasemzimbeni zomthetho. Cinga ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kule nkqubo kwaye uqale kakhulu aqhelekileyo kokuhlambeleyo - a ufaka imali. Yintoni na kwaye iqhutywa njani?

Nokufaka imali: ukuphunyezwa iintlobo

Xa mali idluliselwe idiphozithi ye zebhanki yombutho, thetha ngayo imali yabo. Le yingcamango kwaye kuquka iinketho yokugcina ezininzi:

• imfuno;
• engxamisekileyo.

Ezi nkqubo indlela twatse wokuphunyezwa zabo, yaye kuphela amagama ezahlukeneyo kunye nemiqathango nokurhoxiswa imali. Abagcinisa uya kunikela isixa semali i-akhawunti kwiziko zemboleko, kwaye, xa ke, ikhupha isiqinisekiso ebibekwe imali ngokubhaliweyo. Uxwebhu wabiza iziqinisekiso dipozithi. Yena uqinisekisa ilungelo lomntu (i abagcinisa) ukuze ufumane imali efanelekileyo iya zifakwe ebhankini. Ukuba umnikelo wenziwa kwimfuno, ngoko ke ufumana imali emva nangaliphi na ixesha ntetho lolu xwebhu. ayilahleki nenzala ethe ngeli xesha, ngoko isetyenziswa le nkonzo, ukuba isicwangciso watsala imali kwixa elizayo, okanye xa ucela uncedo kubo.

Akukho nkonzo zebhanki ngaphantsi ethandwayo idiphozithi engxamisekileyo. Kuthetha ntoni oku? Isibakala sokuba le mali ifakwe kwi ethile pre-kuvunyelwene phakathi kwamaqela nabhaliswe kule mvumelwano. Ngeli xesha, esi sixa sedipozithi kwi zihamba nenzala ephakamileyo kuthelekiswa ekhulwini ngokufaka imfuno. Nangona kunjalo, lo ukurhoxiswa mali phambi kokuba ixesha kubonelelwe yi ikhontrakthi ziya kulahleka. Kwamanye amazwe, iziqinisekiso imali ixesha bajike baze bathengise kubathengi, kwaye iimali zelo ziko lamatyala kunye nelahleko umdla. Le ndlela sikhona, umzekelo, eUnited States.

Komhlaba: ibhokisi idiphozithi

Ngengqiqo emxinwa, imali imali ebhankini kuthetha ukuba zigcinwe kwibhokisi idipozithi ukhuseleko. Imali engasetyenziswanga njenge abaxhasi zotyalo-mali, kodwa igcinwa kuphela kwiziko lamatyala. Kule meko uyazi nenzala ethe thina kunye nesantya mali ayikho. Kutheni kufuneka ugcine imali kwisisele, ukuba uyakwazi uzifake-akhawunti yebhanki uzuze ngexesha elifanayo? Ngokuqhelekileyo, isenzo esinjalo lisetyenziswa owayeze intengiselwano ukuphelisa ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo.

mechanism eksrou

Le ndlela ngoyena isoloko isetyenziswa njengendlela nokugcinwa ukubulawa intengiselwano phakathi kwamaqela. Njengomgaqo, esi sisombululo yezabelo kunye nezinye izibambiso kunye nokuthengwa / intengiso kwezithobekileyo lokwenene. arhente Eksrou wenza iziko elizimeleyo, eyenza isivumelwano xa amaqela esivumelwano. Uhlobo uthandwayo bobobuchule eksrou imali ebhankini. Oku "ukhuphelo" isixa semali esiseleni zebhanki (ngamanye amaxesha kwi-akhawunti ekhethekileyo idipozithi).

Umthengisi Ungazifumana kwimeko apho iye yalusingatha ngokupheleleyo zonke emiselweyo kwimvumelwano zontathu kweemeko wentengiselwano. Ukuba ithotyelwe, imali mayifakwe babuyela kumthengi. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba "Escrow". Kulo mzekelo, isivumelwano esicacisa ngokucacileyo zonke iinkcukacha kunazo esivumelwano, uluhlu lwe ezifunekayo ukubonelela amaxwebhu njalo njalo. Emva arhente ukuhlolwa ngenyameko eksrou ukuzalisekisa zonke ngokwemiqathango kwentengiselwano okanye wenziwe, neqwengiweyo.

Le yinto imali idla ngokuba nemali, kodwa kusenokubakho izibambiso, kunye namaxwebhu, kunye nemali non-cash. Kulo mkhuba Russian yeenketho kwedipozithi kusetyenziswa enqabile.

zolondolozo Bank kunye lomlingani bawabeka

iibhanki zorhwebo nje ukwamkela kuphela imali eziinkozo, kodwa ke lizidlulisele sedipozithi yebhanki lizwe eziphambili - Bank of Russia. Zibizwa zolondolozo ezifunekayo kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukulawula amatyala inkqubo yogcino-mali. iimfuno reserve eyasekwa yi-Bank of Russia imimiselo, kuxhomekeke ufuna njani ukuchaphazela ubungakanani kunye nolwakhiwo ubonelelo lwemali kweli lizwe.

It zenziwa yimali kunye yebhanki oovimba yabemi. Okokuqala ke unikezelo imali esisiseko, owesibini, ubuchule ukuze adale imali ebekiweyo benkqubo leebhanki. Indlela apho kwenziwa phakathi iindlela lonikezelo kunye needipozithi imali ubonisa ufaka ingumlingani. Ibonisa obonelela labemi malunga lokukhetha uhlobo lokugcina imali. Indlela yokubala izinga imali? Ifomula imele lulwahlulo semali ukuya iidipozithi bank. Ukuba uphakamile lo mlinganiselo kwaye ekufuneka koovimba ratio, inowuthi lokubolekisa amandla ezoqoqosho.

Ukukhutshwa kwe-iimveliso kunye copyright

Olu hlobo idipozithi njengoko ukudluliselwa zokugcina iimveliso, isetyenziswe ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi:

• ukungqina zabhalwa;
• ukuba umhla indalo;
• ukulondoloza ixabiso into.

Abameli imisebenzi creative badla ngokujongana isenzeko zokuveza. Ukuthintela ukuba nokunika ubungqina obubhaliweyo wombhali yakhe anokwenziwa ngokubhalisa imveliso. Le nkqubo kwakhona ngokuba "idiphozithi." Le nkqubo leyo ikhutshwa phandle iinkonzo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana Centre for Intellectual ubuchule Property eRashiya. Le rejista uyifakile ingcaciso malunga nombhali, kwakunye nomsebenzi ngokwawo. Olu lwazi kubonelelwa yesisombululo seempikiswano copyright kunye kumangala.

Xa ukubhaliswa umsebenzi umbhali unikwa isiqinisekiso ngokusesikweni amalungelo akhe - isiqinisekiso idiphozithi. Luyafumaneka kwi ntlobo zilandelayo kwempahla ezifana imizobo, imifanekiso, izakhiwo, uyilo, umculo kunye nemisebenzi ezoncwadi, iifoto, iinkqubo zekhompyutha njalo njalo. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ukuba ikopi, kunye neenkcukacha ezipheleleyo ngesihloko indawo kunye nexesha indalo, ulwazi malunga nombhali kunye lakhe.

Iindlela ukuze imveliso nokufaka

Yokulahlwa kwe kungaba yinto elula, vula kwaye lwenziwa yi ubhaliso kwi Society ababhali Russian '. Le ukhetho lokuqala ezinxulumene nokudluliselwa ezazibekwe imveliso wadala ngqo. Akazange ukufunda, kodwa zipakishwe kuphela, itywiniweyo novulelweyo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kangangexesha elithile. Umbhali kwesiqinisekiso idipozithi, kunye nolwazi oluthile malunga mveliso. Olu khetho efanelekileyo kwiimeko xa oko kuyimfuneko;

• ukuqinisekisa ekulondolozweni into zobugcisa;
• ukuqinisekisa umhla wobhaliso umsebenzi (ubungqina bokuba yenziwe ngaphambili kunokuba kutshintshelwa isimemezelo).

Phezu ubhaliso copyright kunye zabhalwa umsebenzi obhalwe kunye nokuqaliswa ulwazi iimveliso epropathi enomgangatho ophezulu wokuqonda kwirejista enye. Olu hlobo idipozithi inika isiseko ubungqina esiluqilima xa efumanise zokuveza ukubanga amalungelo abo ngokungagungqiyo njenge umdali.

Ezinye iintlobo idiphozithi

Uyakwazi Sisoloko sisiva iintlobo ngaphezu idipozithi, njengoko izibonelelo zemali kunye nemisebenzi yobugcisa. Amaxesha amaninzi inikwa idipozithi lwamaphepha kunye namaxwebhu. Ngenxa yoku, ukuba zigqithiselwe egcina imali, oovimba, ulwazi kunye reference mali kunye neminye imibutho ezizodwa.

Kukho idiphozithi yomthetho ngamazwe. Kule meko sithetha ngayo izivumelwano ezisayiniweyo samkelwa phakathi koorhulumente, imibutho kumazwe ahlukeneyo, ngqinisekiso, Ukuvuma sivumelwano, njalo njalo. N. Bona (iitekisi zabo original) ziya kuqinisekiswa kunye depositary ngokusebenzisa ummeli wozakuzo okanye ezinye ogunyazisiweyo. Ngexesha ingqinisiswe njengesixhobo kubhalwa kwimizuzu, nto leyo eyenziwa kumbutho jikelele okanye isebe elinguvimba leMicimbi yangaPhandle, nto leyo depositary.

Isimemezelo imithi

Eli gama livela amayeza. Noko ke, izakhono ezizodwa emzimbeni wethu. Kwakhona uyakwazi ukugcina izinto ezithile ukusetyenziswa yabo emva ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Oku kube yokulahlwa kwe igazi, iihomoni, amafutha. Bona ngaphandle okwethutyana iinkqubo exchange kunye ejikeleza xa kukho imali eyaneleyo kakhulu ukuze likwazi ukusebenza komzimba. Ezingafumani ngayo kuloo maxesha, ntshikilelo, ukugula njalo njalo. Ezisetyenziswa ukuba baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Ngaba negative nokufumba - iziyobisi le zemali ubuthi ezahlukeneyo, yaye radioactive zomzimba zabantu kunye namaziko. Bengena emzimbeni ukusuka kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuthintela nokusebenza yayo yesiqhelo.

isiphelo

Siye sahlolisisa indlela idiphozithi into obuyiyo nento iintlobo iinkqubo kwenzeka kwiindawo ezahlukileyo zobomi. Kungakhathaliseki kwenkululeko ukusetyenziswa elithi, ngengqiqo ngokubanzi inkqubo yokugcina idipozithi imele into (imali, izinto zexabiso, iimveliso, amaxwebhu, njalo njalo.) Kusebenziso lasemva iinjongo ezithile.