Izihlunu - ntoni na? Ixabiso izihlunu emzimbeni womntu

isiqalelo ngasinye umzimba womntu umsebenzi okhethekileyo. Bonke bephela zibaluleke kakhulu. Indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni kunye nokusebenza yayo eqhelekileyo izihlunu kudlala. Yintoni na ke wena unako ukufumana phandle kweli nqaku. Izihlunu - amalungu omzimba iqanjwa esiqwini kwezihlunu. Bona kunciphise phantsi kwempembelelo neemvakalelo-luvo.

umsebenzi kwezihlunu kunye nesakhiwo

Muscle - into esebenzayo kwenkqubo musculoskeletal. Bathi zinika iindidi zeentshukumo. Ixabiso izihlunu emzimbeni womntu gqitha. Enkosi kubo, ukuba uhlale uphilile, Wayixakaxa udonga nezibilini lwenzeka phonation.

Ngenxa uxhulumaniso izihlunu amathambo badla ngokuba izihlunu skeletal. Xa abantu, abaya kuzisondeza ngaphezu kwe 500 Bathi abahlala 30% kobunzima bomzimba.

Nayiphi imisipha luqulathe iinyanda Imisonto kwezihlunu. Bona kuhlangene inyama okubi nokuqina. Ukubaluleka esebenzayo izihlunu mkhulu ngokwaneleyo. Kukwaxhomekeke indlela bomelele yaye nzima umntu othile.

Umaleko ohlanganisa leyo ibekwe phakathi ezithungwini izihlunu, ingena imicu kwemisipha kwaye ziqhotyoshelwe apha kule ithambo. iintshukumo amanqaku kwenzeka ngenxa ekunciphiseni phantsi kwempembelelo neemvakalelo-luvo.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, izihlunu ngalinye liqumrhu ngokwahlukileyo kwakheka. Bathi yinto ethile, isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi. Izihlunu kunikwa imithambo yegazi kunye luvo. Intshukumo nganye ukuhlangabezana izihlunu eziliqela. Ngexesha isenzo kwenzeka kuphungulwe muskulaturnogo esiswini. Ngenxa yoko, imicu uza kuncothulwa kulo ithambo. Ngaloo ndlela ke intshukumo ethile.

Ngu uhlobo uphumezo iintshukumo ezithile iindidi izihlunu zilandelayo:

• flexor kunye extensor;
• phambili nokuchithela;
• ujikeleza;
• podnimatelnye usehlisa;
• ukulingisa;
• ukuhlafuna;
• uphefumlayo.

Iindidi zezihlunu, ubume kunye nokubaluleka ezaziwa okhuphisanayo nganye. imisipha - kubalulekile kwimpilo entle. Xa abantu, kukho iindidi ezintathu ezisisiseko imisipha:

• skeletal;
• ziindlela ezigudileyo;
• intliziyo.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba abantu babe izihlunu malunga ne-10% ngaphezulu emzimbeni kuneentombi.

iimbaleki abanamava Kucetyiswa kwabasaqalayo ukuba bafunde kwangaphambili lonke ulwazi malunga izihlunu. Ngenxa isakhiwo umzimba nokuphucula impumelelo yoqeqesho kuqondwe ngcono.

izihlunu Smooth ababandakanyekayo ekubunjweni izibilini emithanjeni. Baqhubekeka ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo lokuqonda koluntu. Le nkqubo ayikwazi ukumiswa. Ndingenabugwenxa nje, bagidime ngokuqhubekayo kubo bonke ubomi bomntu.

Kukwakho imisipha skeletal. Yintoni zonke amagqirha kulazisa. Eli qela kwemisipha inoxanduva ngokugcinwa eseleyo. Kungenxa umsipha skeletal umntu enze iindidi lweentshukumo ngokuchanekileyo kakuhle. Okumangalisayo kukuba, lo gama de abantu bahlale nje kunjalo, abaninzi izihlunu ezahlukileyo kumsebenzi emzimbeni. Umsebenzi wezihlunu skeletal ungalawuleka. Ubunzulu umsebenzi wayo kuphumela ukudinwa.

imisipha wentliziyo ngaxeshanye ukudibanisa eminye imisebenzi esihlunwini skeletal kunye egudileyo. Bona bayakwazi ukusebenza ngokunzima kwaye nciphisa. izihlunu Heart musa kwelo kusebenza ubomi.

intsingiselo

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba igama elithi "izihlunu". ixabiso ugugile izihlunu eziqhelekileyo bonke. Ekuqaleni iilwimi Slavic, igama ebonisa isandla kunokuba enyama anokufumaneka wonke umzimba. Philologists badla phawula unxibelelwano phakathi kwala magama 'izihlunu "kunye" mouse. " Oku kungqinwa iilwimi ezahlukeneyo zaseYurophu Indo-. Ngokutsho izifundo, ilizwi mandulo lesiGrike "mouse" kusetyenziselwa lithetha "izihlunu".

Kwenye kubaphangi le mazwi anentsingiselo ezininzi - "mouse" yaye "" izihlunu "isalamane Kucacile ukuba nayiphi na ingcali ..

Inyaniso encinane eyaziwayo ukuba kumaxesha amandulo elithi "mouse" kwakubonisa umsipha phantsi esibayeni emagxeni. Nangona kunjalo, inxalenye yayo ekhoyo ngengqiqo endala, kwaye kutshanje. Namhlanje sonke siyazi ukuba kwekhwapha. Eli gama lisuka kwigama yamandulo esihlunwini phantsi kwegxalaba.

Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ikruneke. Intsingiselo yegama elithi, ngokutsho-magama explanatory ka Ushakov, kunokuba oomahluko eziliqela. Kwimeko yokuqala yintshukumo omzimba ngumntu okanye isilwanyana, elinesibini - ngesandla. Le ndlela yokugqibela iphawulwe yalupheleyo kunye nencwadi.

imisipha yobuso

imisipha yobuso - ukuba izihlunu ukuba ibekwe phezu kobuso. Bathe engaqhelekanga kuba yinxalenye enye edityaniswe ithambo, kunye nezinye - nolusu. imisipha nganye ibekwe iqokobhe kokuxhuma. Ngokubhekiselele komzimba, imisipha yobuso abanayo ifascia.

Yintoni na ke izihlunu bakope yaye kubaluleke kangakanani? imisipha yobuso ukuvumela umntu ukubonisa iimvakalelo zakhe. Okanye ibinzana yobuso wenziwa ngenxa ekunciphiseni imisipha yobuso.

imisipha yobuso - iinyanda ezingcakacileyo amancinci. Bona zibekwe kufutshane orifices, oko kukuthi, ngeenxa umlomo, impumlo, amehlo neendlebe. imisipha yobuso ibonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo amava oluntu.

Crick. Iimpawu kunye nonyango

izihlunu ezomeleleyo - isiphumo seminyaka yoqeqesho. Iimbaleki ezininzi enze ezintsonkothileyo beemvavanyo ekhethekileyo yonke imihla. umthambo rhoqo kunokukhokelela akhululeke. Kubalulekile ukuba esweni ngenyameko imeko yabo ngexesha eklasini.

Muscle Ukolula - ukwenzakala traumatic ukuya imisipha okanye kwizicwili. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke ukuba kwempixano ngokugqithisileyo logwali. imisipha kube nga kwenzeka kwindawo basekhaya. Kulo mzekelo, ukwenzakala ezinxulumene ne umsebenzi onzima emzimbeni okanye ukuba kwindawo engonwabanga.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba akhululeke kwezihlunu ixhaphakileyo ezinxulumene nemidlalo. Kulo mzekelo, ifaka kwempixano kwezihlunu kunokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. umothuko onjalo zingafumaneka emva unciphiso eyomeleleyo muskulaturnogo. Ukolula rhoqo kuvela emva kokwenza imithambo yokuzolula. Iimbaleki abanamava azilukhuthazi iintshukumo elibukhali kwezemidlalo - kube buhlungu.

Xa kuzolula izihlunu ogulayo intlungu ukudumba kummandla wokwenzakala. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokuba ibe hematoma. Indlela emi ngayo intlungu zinokuba nomahluko. Xa wayeselula, kunokuba sibe buthathaka kwaye elibukhali. Kusenokubakho amanxeba ezincinane.

esisuka unyango kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye ezimbalwa iinyanga. Enkhubyeni wa vukati, ingcaphephe kuthi lubonise ukuba zeziphi zonakele izihlunu kwaye ukumisela unyango olufanelekileyo. Amaninzi, oku sikhatshwa yokwenzakala enyelisa. Kulo mzekelo, ixesha kwimeko yesiqhelo liya kuthatha ixesha elide.

Xa ololulele imisipha ikakhulu isicelo kwisigulana kukwenzakala ice ifunyenwe. Le nkqubo kufuneka ibe kwimizuzu ngaphantsi kwama-20. kweeyure 48 kamva, emva kokuba ukwenzakala safunyanwa, iingcali Siyaleza ukuqinisekisa ukuba ochaphazelekayo ndawo efudumeleyo.

amahlaba kwemisipha

Muscle spasm luphawulwa izishunqulelo ngesiquphe kwaye ngokuzenzekelayo kabuhlungu izihlunu okanye inxalenye yayo. Le ukuhlukunyezwa ayidli kwenzeka abantu abaye baba intambo kukwenzakala umnqonqo.

Zeziphi izihlunu kakhulu zithandwa amahlaba? Amaninzi uphathwe usamkhathazelani kwindawo unyawo kunye nezihlunu ithole. Ukuxhuzula akholisa ukubakho esihlunwini quadriceps.

aqaqambayo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. overexertion kwazo yenye main. ezinxulumene amaninzi ne emzimbeni amahlaba kwezihlunu. Ukunqongophala potassium, calcium nezinki kwi ekutyeni ngemihla inegalelo aqaqambayo.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba bangakunqanda njani amahlaba kwezihlunu nokunyanga kubo. Uthintelo - sesona sixhobo ilungileyo ukuba ayikwazi ijongene nale ngxaki. Into ephambili ekuthinteleni spasm yi idayethi ngcathu uhlobo kwezihlunu. A ukutya okunezondlo oluquka zonke iivithamini kubalulekile kunye neetyuwa kufuneka zibe yinxalenye indlela yabo yokuphila. Bavale ukuswela potassium, calcium okanye nemagnesium kungenziwa ngendlela iivithamini ezizodwa.

Abantu othatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo, oko kunyanzelekile ukuba ukuphumeza ashushu-up phambi uqeqesho. Ukuba nawe uziva spasm, njengoko nemfuneko olule kwindawo ngxaki ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kuya kuvumela ukubuyisela inkqubo imisipha. Iingcali bancoma ukuba ngokufuthi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba atyelele umyalezo parlour ukuthintela nokuxutha izinto.

Ukuba amahlaba kwemisipha kungancitshiswa ngama- izihlunu omnye okanye ngaphezulu. Kwezinye iimeko, ezinokudala ubuhlungu obukhulu. amahlaba Muscle kunokwenzeka ngexesha umthambo ixesha elide okanye umsebenzi ofuna esindayo ubushushu. Ngamanye amaxesha aqaqambayo muskulaturnye kwenzeka emva imithi ethile.

Iimpawu amahlaba izihlunu ziquka: isiqalo ngesiquphe iintlungu, ngokufuthi yesiqephu asezantsi; ukuyilwa sites zeethishu nzima.

Muskulaturnye amahlaba akuvamanga uphawu ingxaki enkulu. Amaninzi ke ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Noko ke, qiniseka ukuba kufuneka udibane nogqirha xa amahlaba na indlela, usondeze ubuhlungu kwaye ezinxulumene nayo nayiphi na yezizathu ezicacileyo. ukuzilolonga kuphucula kwegazi, oku kunciphisa amathuba ukuxhuzula.

Yintoni intsingiselo zomuntu, wazi ngokuzibonela kwabadlali. Baya rhoqo uqeqesho ukwenzela ukuba babe namandla kunye ixesha elide ngakumbi. Izihlunu zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ngentlalo-ntle yabantu.

Indlela kwamafutha omzimba ibe imisipha?

Ukuze ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo ubunzima bomzimba, kuyimfuneko ukuba zincede zikhethe umthambo rhoqo kunye nesondlo esifanelekileyo. Kunye nale ndimbane amanqatha ngcembe indawo kwezihlunu.

Abantu ukuqala inkqubo ukunciphisa umzimba, umzimba isenzo nidloba amandla ukuze kwakhiwe mass kwezihlunu. Carbohydrate - lisebenza eziphathekayo. Abantu abafuna ukunciphisa umzimba, kucetyiswa ukuba ukunciphisa isixa yokusebenzisa ukutya ekudleni. Kulo mzekelo umlinganiselo wamandla ongenayo kunciphisa. Umzimba usebenzisa amafutha ezikhoyo. Ngenxa amandla analamkela uvelisa kwezihlunu. Uninzi buqapheleke le nkqubo kusekwangoko. Kungenxa ukuyilwa ubunzima kwezihlunu, okokuqala kwi ubunzima dieters uhleli ndawo, kunye imiqulu uhambe. izihlunu zomzimba ngokuthe ngcembe womelele kwaye ixesha elide ngakumbi. Kwakhona ngcono impilo jikelele kunye nentlalo-ntle. izihlunu mass kufuneka baye kuqeqesho rhoqo ngexesha ekutshintshweni ngamanqatha. Kungenjalo kuba nako ukufikelela nemiphumo emihle.

imisipha futhi aqine ekhaya: intsomi okanye leyinene?

Abantu abaninzi bathi ukuba izihlunu zokuzicingela ekhaya engenakwenzeka. Yinyaniso le?

Lidla abantu izihlunu amavila futhi akakwazi ukusombulula ezo ngxaki, njengoko kungekho ithuba lokuba aye nakwiziko lokuzilolonga. Bakholelwa ukuba imisebenzi eyenziwa apha ekhaya olungasebenziyo. Nakuba kunjalo, nawuphi na ugqirha okanye imbaleki ongenaxhala ndithi ukuba le mbono nto eziphosakeleyo. Nayiphi na amandla ngendlela ebonakalayo - na umendo umzimba usempilweni kwaye ukulungele kunye nezihlunu ezomeleleyo. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, iklasi kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa le ndawo yokwenza umthambo kakuhle ngakumbi yaye bekhululekile. Noko ke, unako ukufikelela iziphumo ezinkulu ngaphandle kokushiya ekhaya.

Ukomeleza imisipha kancane. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - na umthambo rhoqo kwaye ukutya okunempilo. Ukomeleza imisipha kufuneka ekuchopheni, tyhala-ups, ukuba some kwaye wenze umthambo ezithi zibe kumatshini ogqibeleleyo. Uyakwazi futhi ukusebenzisa indlela kusondele. Ngenxa ubunzima zabo ziya kuba nako ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezinqwenelekayo kweli xesha lifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Njengoko yimilinganiso kongezelelwa, ungasebenzisa nantoni na oyithandayo. Kusenokuba iibhotile ngamanzi okanye ngesanti, ngokunjalo iintsimbi. Iingcali Sicebisa ukuqala uqeqesho kunye akukho zixhobo ze ezifumanekayo ukunciphisa ingozi uhlobo kwezihlunu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ungasebenzisa ubunzima engaphezulu.

Ukuqinisa izihlunu kwi ekhaya ezininzi iimpawu ezintle. Akukho mfuneko lungisa ngexesha elithile. Unga komeleza izihlunu xa kakhulu lula. Izindlu akukho zoqhaphelo olukhulu abasemzini. Kuyinto ezisitheleyo badla abantu mass kwezihlunu kunye nokutyeba sonqene kutyelela zokwenza umthambo.

Muscle nokoma: iimpawu, unyango, ebangela of

Lidla kukho izihlunu abantamo. Yintoni na uyakwazi ukufumana kwinqaku lethu.

Muscle nokoma - imeko kubuhlungu ukuthi amagama nethoni yalo phezulu kunye nokumelana ngexesha uzama ukwenza intshukumo kwisixando sokwenziwa. Nale ngxaki, akunakwenzeka ukuba bakhululeke ngokupheleleyo izihlunu. Nokoma kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ukungasebenzi le luvo. Asinto sisifo esahlukileyo. Nokoma - yinto nje uphawu enokuthi yenzeke ngenxa yezinye ukwaphulwa.

Ngamanye amaxesha nokoma kwenzeka ngenxa yomsebenzi phindo, nto leyo ethatha indawo pose efanayo. Idla eyenzeka kwabaqhubi, kunye nabalawuli inkqubo. Lo msebenzi ikhokelela inkantsi kunye neentlungu. Ukuze bahlukane kwempixano izihlunu, kufuneka uqale kuphela umthambo. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba oko kubangelwa ukugula kakhulu, umdlalo swi nga pfuna.

Muscle nokoma kwakhona ugcinwe kubelekwa. Loo kophulwa ibanjwa ngaphandle naluphi na uphazamiseko. Nakuba kunjalo, imfuno udibane nogqirha xa ziqhubeka ixesha elide. Xa nokoma kubantwana baphawula ukungaqondani rhoqo iphula ingqondo. Malunga ngezifo kwakhona abonakalisa into yokuba usana kungekudala waqalisa ukuba intloko yakhe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho kwiiveki ngaphambi kwe 6-8 emva kokuzalwa.

Njengokuba besesitshilo ngaphambili, izihlunu ukuqina - asikuko sisifo ezimeleyo, ngoko kufuneka kuwuphatha inokuphumela unobangela ukwenzeka kwayo. Evela kuyo kwaye iya kuxhomekeka unyango ekhethiweyo.

Ukuze kuphuculwe imeko ngokubanzi, kucetyiswa ukuba kuncitshiswe umthwalo kummandla ochaphazelekayo. Kubalulekile kwakhona ukuba atyelele rhoqo, elibe umyalezo. Ukuba kukho kakhulu iintlungu Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise ntlungu. amayeza Folk zingasetyenziswa kuphela emva kokubonisana yincutshe. Ugqirha wakho angamisela izihlunu ngqongqo xa ikhosi vitamin therapy. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo wamathambo. Baya kunika indawo ochaphazelekayo esiqwini izihlunu luphumlo olupheleleyo.

Hyperplasia kunye hypertrophy

Phakathi kwabadlali kukho into efana hyperplasia kunye hypertrophy kwemisipha. Oko ayaziwa bonke. Muscle hyperplasia luphawulwa hayi ukuphuculwa esemgangathweni zihlunu kunye nokwanda kwenani labo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa abantu umthambo rhoqo, oko konyusa inani myofibrils kwi esihlunwini. Miqulu kuba ezinkulu ngenxa ukuqina ijwabu kwezihlunu. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba hypertrophy.

Iimbaleki bazama ukufikelela hyperplasia (ukwanda kwinani iseli). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kube nzima ngokwaneleyo. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukwandisa inani leeseli izihlunu, kuyimfuneko ukuba anikele ingqalelo sele ikhona. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba inkqubo hyperplasia komzimba zifuna amandla amaninzi. Ukukhuthaza imfuneko yayo ukwenza protini yokuqaphela olukhawulezisiweyo. Kuya kufuneka usebenzise iimveliso, leyo asidi acid. Ezinye iimbaleki kwakhona Kucetyiswa ukuba basebenzise iihomoni steroid. Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko, kunokuba yingozi kwaye yingozi emzimbeni.

UPawulos

- imisipha enye izinto esebenzayo kwenkqubo musculoskeletal. Kuyinto ngenxa ukuba umntu enze iintshukumo ezithile. Abantu abaninzi lula indima yabo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kaninzi ngenxa izihlunu amandla kukho yintloko, ubuhlungu iqolo kunye sisingqala xa behamba. Kuba ekuthinteleni izifo ezahlukahlukeneyo kubalulekile ukwenza umthambo rhoqo. Enkosi kubo, izihlunu womelela futhi aqine. Le ndoda kunye nemisipha ngokupheleleyo amandla. Yena kunqabile ukuba ahlangabezane yintloko kunye umkhuhlane.