Isiqithi saseGutuevsky eSt. Petersburg

Xa uPetros ndafunda iibhanki ze-Neva, wayeyinomdla ngokukhethekileyo ekuphumeni komama waseRashiya ukuya kolwandle, kungekhona ukulungelelaniswa kwamanye amazwe ukwakha i-metropolis ezayo. Umlambo we-delta kwindawo apho iSt. Petersburg eyasungulwa ngokutsha yayingummandla oqhekekileyo, ohlala kwindawo encinci eneendawo ezininzi kunye neziqithi.

Iziqithi zaseSt. Petersburg

Ngoko ke, akukho ngozi namhlanje ukuba i-capital city yelizwe lethu ibizwa ngokuba yiNorthern Venice. Inxalenye yeso sixeko esihle kakhulu sisasazeka kwiziqithi. Ngokwezi-1864, kwakukho ikhulu elinanye, kodwa ngenxa yemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yokwakha kwakukho ngamashumi amathathu anine. Kwaye le nombolo ihlala ishintsha. Ezinye iziteshi ze-Neva zilala, ngoko ke iziqithi zidibanisa, kanti ezinye zibonakala zintsha. Abaninzi babo abaneempembelo zabo ezisentshonalanga baya kwiBaltic Sea. Ngoko ke, abavakatye abangaqhelwanga, ukuhamba, bangalindela ngokungalindelekanga elwandle elunxwemeni okanye kwi-pier. Ukuba ubuza abahlali bendawo ukuba baqaphele iindawo ezilishumi ezidumileyo zomhlaba, ngoko ke, olu luhlu aluyi kufumana isiqithi saseGuguevsky.

Ulwazi jikelele

Kwiminyaka engama-150 emva kokusekwa kweSt. Petersburg kwakukho indawo eyincithakalo. Kwaye kuphela ukususela kwikota yokugqibela yekhulu lokugqibela, emva kokwakhiwa kweCanal Sea kunye nokutshintshwa kwePort Petersburg Commercial Port, urhwebo luye lwavuselela kwisiqithi. Kwaqala ukwakha kancane kancane.

Kwi "Port New" ekungeneni kwe-Neva, apho iinqanawa ezinkulu zihamba khona, zabeka igatsha le-Portovaya-Putilovka leNikolayevskaya Railway. Ngenkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe, isiQithi saseGuuevsky (iSt. Petersburg) sanda kakhulu. Namhlanje ummandla wayo ungaphezu kweemitha ezintathu zeekhilomitha kunye nobubanzi beemitha ezine. Kwakhona idibene ne-Small Razvy neSmooth Island. Iibhuloji ezintathu, kubandakanya ibhuloho yesitimela, zixhunyiwe kwilizwe.

Imbali

I-Vitsasaari, ekuguquleleni ithetha "isrubby" ... Kanye kanye ngexesha elinye amaFinn abizwa ngokuba yiSiqithi saseGutuevsky (iSt. Petersburg). Yiyiphi isithili esasiyiminyaka yama-tsarist, akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqinisekileyo. Xa uPetros Wokuqala eyisekela isixeko, amagama aqala ukutshintsha. Yonke into yayixhomekeke kwigama lalowo wathenge indawo ethile. Ngomlando wakhe omfutshane, watshintsha amagama amaninzi. Ngaphambi kokusekwa kweSt. Petersburg kwakubizwa ngokuba nguVitsasaari (Vitsasaari). Esi sicwangciso sedolophu se-1716 sibhalwe njenge-Unsettled, kwaye kwimephu ye-1717, eshicilelwe eFransi, le ndawo yonyulwe phantsi kwegama lika-Saint Catherine. Kamva yaqanjwa ngokuthi i-Round Island (ukusuka ngo-1737 ukuya ku-1793). Ngaloo nto babibiza ngokuba yiPrimorsky. Igama lokugqibela lenziwa ngenxa yokuba lifumaneka kufuphi neGulf of Finland. Phakathi kwabanye kwakunguNovosiltsov, ngokuhlonipha ityala lobutyebi.

Igama langoku lilungiswe emva kwesiqithi ukususela phakathi kwekhulu le-18, xa umakhi we-Olonets-umthubi-mkhumbi uConon Guttuev (Khugtunen), owafika eSt. Petersburg, wayenotyebi waza wafumana esi siqithi.

Ngaphambili, kwakukho umzila ophawulekayo. Wahlula isiqithi saseGutuevsky zibe ziincinci ezimbini-eningizimu nasenyakatho. Kwakubiwe ngekhulu le-19 ukukrazula umhlaba. Kwakukho ne-embankment, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, ayizange iphinde iphinde iphele imida yomda, kodwa ibe nekhokelo ngqo kwi-Canal Sea.

Ngaphambi kokuba uguquke, baqala ukulala. Inxalenye yokuqala yedolophu ekwicandelo ukusuka kumlambo i-Ekateringofki ukuya kwisitalato. I-Gapsalskaya yangcwatyelwa, kwaye sele sele ikhona kuma-50s ekhulwini lokugqibela lonke isalathisi yayisele idliwe kwaye ingcwatywe.

Ukwakhiwa kwechweba kwisiqithi saseGuueuevsky

Kwiminyaka ye-1880 ininzi yokwakha yaqala apha. Ngenxa yoko, kubonakala ichweba. Kuye ngo-1899-1903-eyakhelwe kunye nokwakhiwa kwamasiko. Umlobi weprojekthi nguye umakhi weKurdyumov.

Emva kokwakhiwa kwechweba, ubomi apha buye buntshintsha ngokuphawulekayo. Kwakuye nge-Ekateringofku wakha amabhuloho amabini, adalwe ngabadlali be-brawlers-indawo zokubamba nge-pier.
Lapha kwimbhobho yayigcinwe inhlanzi. Kwakuyinxalenye yokutshiza. Phantse ama-katalytes angamawaka amabini ahambisa imirhubhe. Ukuthengisa ukuthengisa apha akuzange kuholele, iintlanzi zathengiswa kuphela ngobuninzi. Kwabukeka kubonakala kwinqaba kunye nesiqithi saseGutuevsky eSt. Petersburg kwaziwa ngabantu basezidolophini.

Indlela yokufika khona

Iifoto zezakhiwo zee-port ziyakubonwa kwi-museum ye-city. Ngexesha lemfazwe, iigobolondo eziliqela zibethe apha. Ngenxa yoko, inxalenye yesakhiwo sothutho yabhujiswa, kodwa kamva yakhiwa kwakhona. Oku kubonakala ngokucacileyo, kuba inxalenye egciniweyo yezitena isoloko ibonakala iqhathaniswa nayo yonke into.

Umntu ongenalutho oza apha ukujonga kwizakhiwo zoshishino okanye ukuzulazula, kwisibuko esitasaba asiyi kukwazi ukufumana. Ewe akuyimfuneko. Kodwa ngaphaya kwemida yayo kukho izinto ezininzi ezithakazelisayo, kwaye ezi zinto (ngokomzekelo, iCawa yeEpiphany, esiza kuthetha ngayo ngezantsi) unokufuna nokuba kubonwe kwisiqithi saseG Gutuevsky eSt. Petersburg. Indlela yokufikelela kuyo, ungabheka kwixesha elidala. Unokufika khona ngeRiga Avenue, ukugqitywa kweyiphi ibhuloho, ephonswa kwi-Ekateringofku. Uwela ngaphesheya kweGapsalskaya Street, efumana igama elinjalo kwiedolophu zase-Haapsalu zase-Estonia. Ukuba uhamba kwisiqithi saseKhanonersky, kufuneka ufike kwi-tunnel yangasemanzini.

Isiqithi saseG Gutuevsky eSt. Petersburg siphezu komlomo we-Great Neva. Namhlanje kungomhlaba ukuya kwisithili saseKrovsky. Unokufika khona ngebhasi (iinombolo 135, 49, 66, 67, 71), kunye ne-shuttle ibhasi eya kwisiqithi saseGuueuevsky.

ESt. Petersburg. Ithempeli: indlela yokufikelela

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, malunga nokubonakala kwechweba, wonk 'ubani owayenobuchule obunomsebenzi wakhe wayehlala: abahamba ngeenqwelo, abaphathi bamasiko, abaphathi, amagosa, abaculi, njl. Bonke babengumakholwa, kwaye ngoko Indawo apho bayathandaza khona. Ngoko ke, ngokwephepha lokuthenga, baqala ukuqokelela imali ebandleni. Inani elibalulekileyo kakhulu - i-ruble eziyiwaka ezilikhulu-linikezwa ngumenzi we-Voronin, umnini wefayili yokuloba. Wacela imvume yesicatshulwa ebandleni lentsapho. Ithempeli lakhiwa kwiDvinskaya Street nge-Ekateringofka. Yakhelwe yinjineli yakhe uKosyakov-senior kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba kaPravdzik. Icawa yeEpiphany yakhiwa iminyaka eyisibhozo: ukususela ngo-1891 ukuya ku-1899.

Inkcazo ye tempile

Umakhi wezakhiwo wenza inzame yokuhlanganisa i-Old Russian ne-Byzantine. Icawa yeEpiphany yinto ebalulekileyo kubakhenkethi abavakatye i-Gutuevsky Island (iSt. Petersburg). Ithempeli lalivaliwe ngo-1935, lahlala kwindawo yesepha. Ngenxa yoko, izakhiwo zangaphakathi zachithwa ngokupheleleyo. Phakathi kwee-70 zangekhulu lokugqibela i-facade yecawa yayibuhlungu kakhulu, iphoxisa abo babesemaphandleni kunye neendonga eziqhekezayo. Kamva kulungiselelwe ukugcina indawo yokugcina impahla yaseFunzensky yesebe. Yonke into yatshintshwa kwii-90 zekhulu lokugqibela, xa iSonto le-Epiphany libuyiselwe kwi-ROC.

Kukho iitrone ezintathu kwicawa. Omnye wabo uzinikezele kwi-Epiphany, enye - kumkhuseli wabahambi kunye nabanqwelisi baseNikolay kunye nomsebenzi uJohn Postnik. Ethempeleni kwakukho isibingelelo esiyingqayizivele, esenziwe ngokupheleleyo nge-marble-white marble. Wayekhangeleka ukuba wayedwebile kwindlovu. Namhlanje, kuphela amanyathelo esibingelelo agcinwe.

Ukusuka kumamajolica iRoyal Gates abulawe . Ngaphakathi kweCawa yeEpiphany yayigwetshiwe. Kuze kube ngoku, kugqitywe isigqibo sokubuyisela amasango kunye nesibingelelo. Icawa yeEpiphany yagqitywa ukuba idlulisele ukukhululwa ngokumangalisayo kwesikhulu: iphoyisa lahlaselwa uNicholas ngexesha lokuhamba kwintsapho yase-Japan ukuze ihlabe. Kwisitementi kusekhona indawo yokungcwaba yamalungu entsapho yaseMelonin.

Ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo

Ukongezelela kwicawa, isiqithi saseGuuevsky siyaziwa ngokuba siyakha izindlu zeBaltic, isakhiwo solawulo seSt. Petersburg Sea Port, iYunivesithi yoNxibelelwano lwamanzi.

Isakhiwo esithakazelisayo kwisiqithi singabizwa ngokuba yiNdlu yeNkcubeko yamaSeamen. Yaqala ukwakhiwa kwi-30 yekhulu lokugqibela, kwaye yagqitywa iminyaka engama-20 kamva. Ngenxa yoko, isakhiwo saba ngumxube ongaqhelekanga wezakhiwo zobugcisa.

Kwisikwere esincinci apho isiqithi saseGuueueky sitholakala khona, kukho isikhumbuzo esinikezelwa kubanqwelisi kunye neenqanawa ze-Baltic Shipping Company.

Izinto zokuzakhela iiklasi ezilidlulileyo

Abo babandakanyeka kwimbali yokwakha, kuya kuba lunomdla ukujonga kwizakhiwo zangaphambili zokubhaka amathambo kunye namafemu okwenza i-glue. Iimpawu zabo eziqhelekileyo namhlanje zibukeka zifana neenqaba zamehlo kunye neendonga, iinqonga, iindawo zokuqhayisa ...

Iziqithi ezincinci nezikhulu

Ukuba ukhangeleka kwiBhuloho laseGuueuevsky ukuya ngasezantsi, ngoko kanye phakathi kwe-Ekateringofki uyabona into encinane kakhulu yomhlaba. Yona i-Small Rare Isle. Ngasentshonalanga kwakunomntakwabo-Omkhulu, kodwa namhlanje akasayikho, ngokuba ngenxa yokulala eendleleni azilahleka kwiimephu. Namhlanje uthathwa njengengxenye yesiqithi saseGuueuevsky.

Igama elinjalo elingaqhelekanga linembali yalo. Nangona ngexesha likaPetros, abathengisi baseOstashkov baqala ukuza eSt. Petersburg. Apha bathengisa iintlanzi. Ngokukhawuleza baba zizityebi, ekugqibeleni baqala ukuhambisa impahla yabo kwinkundla yombuso. Kwaye kwinqanaba elinqatyisiweyo laqala ukuthenga umhlaba, kubandakanywa iziza ezininzi. Ngoko kwabonakala i-Big Slippery kunye ne-Small Sharp. Uvela phi amagama anjalo?

Abahwebi baziwa ngokuba yiRevvv, kwaye, ngokusobala, isiqithi sabizwa ngokuba ngumfanekiso "ngokukhawuleza" kwabo. Okuthakazelisayo, kodwa eyona nto isebenzayo - uTerenty Sergeevich Rezov ekugqibeleni waba yinto ye-Hereditary ummi wasePetersburg, kwaye omnye wabazukulwana bakhe waba yinkosikazi waza watshintsha igama lakhe ngoRazvy. Ngoku esi siqithi sinezixhobo zempi, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukufikelela kuyo. Ingabonwa kuphela ukusuka kwibhulorho.