Iqela elibanzi leziyobisi - antibiotic zeTetracycline

Iintsholongwane zeTetracycline uchungechunge liqela elifanelekileyo leziyobisi. Amachiza anesimo esifanayo semichiza. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le mali ingenye yeendawo ezikhokelayo phakathi kweziyobisi zoluhlu lwezinto ezininzi.

Iingqangi ze-tetracycline. Inkcazelo

Izidakamizwa kweli qela zinempembelelo ekuveliseni nasekuphuhliseni i-gram-negative, i- gram-positive bacteria, izinduku (i-acid-fast), iindiza ezinkulu kunye nezinye iindiza. Eli candelo libandakanya ezo zonyango njenge "chlorotetracycline hydrochloride", "oxytetracycline hydrochloride", "tetracycline" kunye nabanye. Ukufunda kwamachiza kwaqaliswa ngonyaka we-1948. Ngenxa yobunzima obuthile ekulungiseleleni ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ngoku bayadalwa ngoncedo lwe-biosynthesis. Zonke iziza-antibiotics zomgca we-tetracycline zihluke kumntu wazo we-amphoteric. Iimpawu zabo eziphambili zibangelwa liqela le-dimethylamino. Iipropati eziqhenkcekileyo zeziyobisi zibonakaliswe ngenxa ye-phenolic hydroxyl kwi-D-ring. Ukuba i-amphoteric, i-compounds ichitheka kwi-acids kunye ne-alkali, yokwenza isalti. Bona, nabo bafumana i-hydrolysis kwiisombululo ezinamandla. Ukwanda kwe-asidi ye-asidi kukuthintela inkqubo ye-hydrolysis, kunye nokuchithwa kwesiseko.

Zonke izixhobo zeTetracycline zineemboniso ezifanayo. Kwiimolekyuli, i-phenolic hydroxyl ibangela utshintsho lombala ngexesha lokusebenzisana ne- chloride ye-ferric (3). Amayeza omzimba we-tetracycline uchungechunge ahlahliswa yi-alkali ngaphambi kokubunjwa kwe-isotetracycline. Ngaloo ndlela, oku kuhambelana nokunyuka kwibala. Ukuphendula ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimpawu yazo zonke izixhobo ze-tetracycline. Kuyakwazi ukuhlukanisa amalungiselelo omnye komnye ngenxa yecala elihlukileyo phantsi kweempembelelo ze- sulfuric acid (egxininiswe). Oku kubangela ukwakheka kweemveliso ezicwangciswe kwi-tetracycline nganye kumbala othile. Ngoko, umzekelo, omnye ubonakala umbala obomvu obomvu, omnye - obomvu. Enye yeempawu yikhono lamachiza e-fluorescent ukuba aguqulwe phantsi kwefuthe lokukhanya kwe-UV. Oku kudla ngokusetyenziswa njengesiqinisekiso sokuthembeka kwabo.

Izakhiwo ze-Pharmacological tetracycline

Le nyeza ibonakaliswe ngolu hlobo lwemisebenzi. Impembelelo yayo ye-bacteriostatic ngenxa ye-inhibition of protein synthesis ye-bacteria-pathogens. Umsebenzi weliza libonakaliswe ngokuhambelana ne-Gram-positive aerobic microbes, kubandakanywa iintlobo zokuvelisa i-penicillinase. Isilwayo sichaphazela neebhakteria zeprama-negative. Ukumelana nesilwanyana ezincinane iintsholongwane, ininzi yefungi kunye nezinye iinambuzane.

Eminye imigaqo yokuthatha i-antibiotics. Izimpembelelo ezimbi

Sincoma ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kwiqondo le-0.3 amagremu kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala, i-0.2 gram ngezihlandlo ezihlanu kwiintsuku ezilandelayo. Nge-gonorrhea (i-subacute kwaye ilula kakhulu), ikhosi ye-5 g imiselwe nganye ngekhosi, ngezinye iifom - nge-10. Kunconywa ukuthatha iyeza phambi okanye ngexesha lokutya. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yesicelo mhlawumbi, ukuhlanza, isicupunu.