Inkqubo yokhuseleko Lightning: uyilo kunye nokufakwa

Umbane, oluba izinto noshowo izakhiwo, ekhatshwa ngokubeka impembelelo electromagnetic. Oku, kabi ukusebenza izixhobo zombane. Ukunciphisa umonakalo izinikezeli cable ukunciphisa amathuba betha into isimangalo ngamandla kuvumela ukuyilwa lweenkqubo zokukhusela umbane.

isakhiwo

Lightning Intonga - umlinganiselo isixando yokhuselo eqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza ekhuselekileyo kwamaziko, ugcina impilo kunye nobomi kwabasebenzi, abahlala kwi imiphumela emibi ziintlekele zemvelo. lweenkqubo zokukhusela umbane nezi zinto iphambili ilandelayo:

• Amanzi receiver.
• A Umqokeleli.
• Umphathi wesekethe nozinzo.

iintlobo Protection umbane

Ngoku ama inkqubo esebenzayo neyokwenziwa ukhuseleko umbane. Traditional - ngobuwena isixando kuquka obhobhozayo receiver element kwaye isisekelo nombuthi. Umgaqo esebenza ngayo inkqubo enjalo ilula. intonga Lightning ithatha ugwayimbo imibane, aze ayithumele emhlabeni usebenzisa iindlela mbuthi conductive. Ekugqibeleni, kwaba ligazi ukumpompoza kuhluthe emhlabeni.

Kwelinye icala, inkqubo esebenzayo yokhuseleko umbane isebenza kwi siseko ionization lomoya. Ngenxa kule isiphumo kunye iimbalelwano obhobhozayo kwenzeka. inkqubo yokhuseleko imibane esebenzayo iqulathe izinto ezifanayo njengoko kwisixando sokwenziwa. Noko ke, uluhlu lwabo inkulu kakhulu kwaye ifikelela kubantu abamalunga nama-100 eemitha. Apha, ukhuselo ayikho nje into, apho ziyaxhonywa iziqalelo nkqubo, kodwa izakhiwo ezikufutshane.

ukhuselo imibane Active isebenza ngakumbi. Ayimangalisi into yokuba ukhetho olunjalo ikhethwa abasebenzisi kumazwe amaninzi phambili. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso izigqibo ezinjalo iphezulu kakhulu.

Embodiments of balwamkele obhobhozayo

Le polniepriemnik mgangatho isikhonkwane metal eqhelekileyo ukuba imvelaphi inyuselwa khona kwindawo nkqo kwisakhiwo eliseluphahleni. Kubalulekile ukulungisa sakhi kwindawo eyeyona open uphahla. Ukuba isakhiwo kukho uyilo kophahla entsokothileyo, ngokwemiqathango yokuphuculwa zokhuseleko, kucetyiswa ukufakelwa eziliqela balwamkele obhobhozayo.

Ikhetha iintonga ezithile embodiments umbane, apho ezahlukeneyo i ATHUNYIWEYO:

• protection Umbhexeshi.
• Metal cable.
• Lightning wokhuseleko umnatha.

protection weDA

Ukuba isakhiwo inophahla metal, kwimeko apho isisombululo ekunene kubonakala inkqubo yokhuseleko umbane lokufaka pin. Ayanda yokumpompoza ufumana ngokohlobo ngentonga metal eqhelekileyo eyenziwa kwindawo ephakamileyo. Last eqhagamshelwe emhlabeni usebenzisa abaqokeleli.

Ukhuseleko pin zinokuchazwa ngohlobo icandelo intonga yesinyithi ngeenxa ubuncinane 8 mm okanye isiqwenga kwicandelo ngesinyithi 25 kunye parameters x 4. Ubude yokumpompoza abafumana lungu kufuneka libe kwinqanaba elenza ukuba ukuphela kwayo mde ngaphezu ephakame yento indawo nama-2 zee-cubic.

Ukuphakama kwenye indawo pin luchaphazela ngqo isakhono wokhuseleko imibane kunye nenkqubo isiseko kunikhusela obhobhozayo ukutshatyalaliswa iindawo ezinkulu. Area, leyo ukukhusela interdigital umbane umqhubi ichazwa njenge kwisangqa radius efana ukuphakama ngentonga.

yaphezulu

Phambi kwendlu alekwe nophahla isileyiti, umbane yomfumani lwenziwa ngokohlobo cable metal. kume lokugqibela ngapha kummango eluphahleni. Ukuphakama kwenye indawo yayo kufuneka ube ziimitha ezi-0.5 ukusuka kumphezulu.

Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukhuseleko inokuthenjwa ngokubuka kwempixano basebenza ngezinto zokunceda ebuntsimbi, apho ingadibani ephuma kwisamkeli ukubhobhoza. Le ndlela kusebenza izakhiwo ezinophahla somthi kunye nophahla ngohlobo tiles ceramic nayo.

mesh ukhuselo

Le isisombululo lisebenza kakhulu kunzima ukuphumeza. kusetyenziswa Ngokuqhelekileyo for uphahla wambu iithayile. Amanzi ethatha kule meko mesh wire wayibeka phezu kwisakhiwo eliseluphahleni. I-cross-icandelo zombane kule meko kufuneka ubuncinane 6 mm, kwaye incochoyi iiseli - umyalelo we-6 x 6 m.

Le nkqubo ingqalelo liqhagamshelene umqokeleli nesiseko element ngokuthi ukuwelda. Xa kungekho ngozi uvumelekile ukuba asebenzise izinto zokubopha iqhosha lemenyu.

Ayanda le abaqokeleli luyenziwa usebenzisa i steel wire ngeenxa zonke. Kwacaba waziqhubela emhlabeni ezindongeni nophahla isakhiwo, ukulungisa zombane kunye kwizibiyeli ezikhethekileyo.

Route kuba ngokubeka izinto umqokeleli uyonyulwa ukuze izinto umqhubi ngoku azikho wadibana iingcango, iifestile, evarandeni, iingcango zesinyithi igaraji, ezinye iziyilo, leyo inokusebenza nabantu ngexesha lomsebenzi.

Ukuba isakhiwo yenziwa kubume yayo intabalala izinto ezinokutsha (istro, umthi, iplastiki), izinikezeli ze sokuqokelela kufuneka ibekwe kude ukusuka iindawo ezimalunga 15-20 cm. Le ndlela ilungiselelo kwenkqubo yokhuseleko umbane ukuze kuphetshwe imililo kwi iindudumo eyomeleleyo, elide.

Kulo mzekelo, inokuba kwakhona mayixhonywe inkqubo yokhuseleko imibane lwangaphakathi, nto leyo ibandakanya ukufakwa iifyuzi ezikhethekileyo uyakwazi ukubakhusela kwesidingo zombane. Ezi mali zibekwe kufutshane kufakelwe ingongoma intambo abanegunya into.

isixhobo sokuqokelela

Somlomo lweenkqubo zokukhusela umbane into enyanzelekileyo. Yenzelwe ukuba ukudlulisela sentlawulo aya komhlaba.

Sokuqokelela le ucingo ebuntsimbi ubuncinane 6 mm elingqingqwa, oludityaniswe kwisamkeli nokukhutshwa. Indibaniso izinto zombini kwenza kube lula ukuhlawula umthwalo ku 200,000 amperes. Le meko ibalulekileyo components noshowo ngokuhlanganisa ezi zenzo ukwenza iwelding oluthembekileyo kakhulu, nto leyo ishenxisa ithuba komsipha of unxulumano evakalala ngumoya, ngokwindla lamanqanaba ikhephu.

Sokuqokelela uvikivwa phezu iindonga into ukusuka phezulu, eqwalasele ezityiwa ngocingo. Iziphelo wire wentsimbi ngqo kumphathi wesekethe nozinzo. Ukuba inkqubo yokhuseleko umbane kwezakhiwo kubandakanya ukufaka isimangalo izinto ezininzi conductive, ukuba ibekwe kumgama oziimitha 20-25 ngaphandle kwi umgama omkhulu kakhulu ukusuka iingcango neefestile.

Ngokutsho Safety, iimpompo zangoku ekungavumelekanga kakhulu onke. Ingqikelelo iimpazamo ezinjalo kwandisa amathuba okuba elivela kuzo obhobhozayo yintlantsi kwimeko ukoyiswa umbane into. Oku, kungakhokelela ekubeni ukudumba sakhiwo.

Ngexesha ufakelo lweenkqubo zokukhusela umbane, kungakuhle ukwenza sokuqokelela mfutshane kangangoko. Kwangaxeshanye, kucetyiswa ukuba ukufaka kufutshane cusps, kungqameko gables, ukuva iifestile.

isisekelo

isixhobo isisekelo yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa kususwe ngempumelelo yokumpompoza emhlabeni. It imele electrode eziliqela adityanisiweyo, ekhandiweyo emhlabeni.

Yokusungulwa kwendawo leyo, ngokutsho imigaqo, ekuqaleni enivumelana kuzo zonke izixhobo zombane eqhagamshelwe inethiwekhi kufuneka kubonelelwe. Ukuba akunjalo, ukulungiselela i element ayikho nzima kangaka. Ukuze oku kuthathwa intsimbi okanye umqhubi ubhedu cross-candelo 50-80 mm. Wemba ubude umsele-3 m kunye nobunzulu esingekho ngaphantsi kwe 0.8 m. On ngapha nangapha emathambekeni ziqhutywa iintonga, idityaniswe ukuwelda enqamlezileyo ngentsimbi. Ukuba isakhiwo ngenxa wajoyina umqokeleli. Ekupheleni iindawo ukuwelda zidyojwe edolweni, ebezikuyo isakhiwo isiseko ukuba wenza ucingo emazantsi esemseleni wawakhotha.

Ukuqinisekiswa lweenkqubo zokukhusela umbane

test inkqubo kugesi obhobhozayo kubandakanya uhlolo olubonakalayo eziqalelo zolwakhiwo nokumeta parameters uxhathiso. Ngaphandle uqinisekise ukuthembeka umbane phakathi terminal umoya, umqokeleli kunye emhlabeni. Yonke weld ngokucofa ngehamile.

Imilinganiselo kwezalathisi ukumelana ngamnye kumhlaba imibane kunye bolting kubandakanya nezixhobo ezizodwa elibhaliswe ngokwemigaqo nemimiselo.

Ngenxa yoko,

Njengoko ubona, kukho iindlela ezininzi amaziko ukhuseleko umbane. Abo okanye ezinye izisombululo zikhethwa kuxhomekeke ngama-mali, ubume bendalo, ukuqinisekisa inqanaba elithile yokhuseleko efunekayo.

Okwangoku, uphuhliso ugesi akudali imibane kunye ukuqaliswa kwento. Ubuncinane, ubukho balo ingafuneki. Ngoko ke isigqibo malunga nokuba nokhuseleko isakhiwo lungiselelo ukuba wambetha umphezulu ifunyanwa kumnikazi ngamnye ngokusekelwe neziphathelene.