Indlela yokuhlobisa kwi sesakhiwo Europe. izakhiwo yase eRussia

Quirky kunye ahlekisayo, le isimbo kwakuvela eFransi ngenkulungwane yokuqala XVIII. izakhiwo yase ayikho kangako self-ulwalathiso lolwephanyazo ethile kuphuhliso sobuciko pan-Europe.

iimpawu uphawu le yokuhlobisa

indlela yokuhlobisa bokwakha - enye zokuqala iindawo kwezobugcisa, nto leyo eye ningashukunyiswa nimke izimiso esekwe kukhalaza izihloko ezikumgangatho oxhome kakhulu, buphuculwe. Abanye abaphandi kunye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba oku esibonakala yokungathembeki frivolity. Noko ke, loo nto iye yaba nefuthe elikhulu kwezinye iintsingiselo ezininzi kunye nezimbo kuzo zonke zobugcisa.

Lidla zokubonisa yase lwezakhiwo, iifoto apho ungabona ezimbalwa ngezantsi, echazwe kokukhanya singacinganga. It is ngokupheleleyo kuphunza iling'awukazi, Ukuntsonkotha kunye nemfezeko iifom, ezimele emva frivolity ngokucacileyo.

art yase - isikakhulu ihlabathi elibuntsomi ngamava olusondeleyo, okubonakala kumabala emidlalo, ukuphuculwa zokuhombisa Ukuntsonkotha. Ayikho ayikho indawo bokubanga kunye ubuqhawe. Esikhundleni sabo beza iingcinga, izixhobo kunye umdlalo uthando.

Lwentando le ntambo umgca egosogoso kwaye abangenazigqibo ukuba ukwakheka kwalo ngumfuziselo iqokobhe, ufumaneka ngeendlela bokwakha yokuhlobisa.

Imbali ingenzeka

obangela yezakhiwo ebizwa "yokuhlobisa" wabonakala eFransi ngenkulungwane yokuqala XVIII. Ngaloo mihla ebizwa ngokuba impendulo kwi "style omkhulu" - a classicism omkhulu kwaye alixengaxengi, igosa ezimbejembeje, umzekelo zicacileyo yona Palace of Versailles uLouis XIV. yobuciko bokwakha kunye nezinye izifundo zobugcisa elilawulwa phantse lonke ixesha ebukumkanini Yelanga.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ukuya phakathi kwenkulungwane XVIII e Western Yurophu, frivolity ngokugqithisileyo yokuhlobisa waqala ngokuthe aphume fashion, kodwa intliziyo zwekazi intsingiselo kwimizobo ithandwa phantse ekupheleni kwenkulungwane.

Igama elithi "yokuhlobisa 'sisuka rocaille elithi French, bona bubonakala" engaqhelekanga, "" abangenazigqibo "kunye" amaqhekeza yamatye "yaye" iqokobhe ". Ngexesha lonke ubukho besi isimbo wenziwa ngu inani elingu-imisebenzi yobugcisa kunye lwezakhiwo, kodwa enye yeyona ibalulekileyo yi lomculo ezidolophini eFransi - imiceli ebandakanya iinkalo ezintathu kwisixeko Nancy e Lorraine.

Yokuhlobisa eYurophu

Intsimi lelizwekazi Yurophu ezihlawulelwayo ezenzeka engalinganiyo neentsingiselo kule ntshukumo art. Noko ke, amanye amazwe kunye namazwe wayeziva ngamandla impembelelo yale isimbo. Umzekelo, France ukufanele kubhekwa umsunguli yokuhlobisa, kodwa yase isimbo kakhulu zakhiwo ngo eJamani, ingakumbi kubonakala kakhulu xa Prussia kwinkundla ka-Frederick II.

Le nokulungiswa eli ulwalathiso kwi ensembles kwibhotwe obutofotofo eJamani, eFransi, eRashiya kunye namanye amazwe.

French hotel bokwakha luphawulwa umhombiso oluchumileyo isithuba elingaphakathi - rocaille ngaphakathi ziye zidityaniswe kakuhle kakhulu kuyilo ngokungqongqo ngokwentelekiso yangaphandle sakhiwo. indlela yokuhlobisa bokwakha ngokuhamba kwexesha waqalisa ukusasaza lonke elaseYurophu. kungekudala Austria, Poland kunye Czech Republic uzakuva iintsingiselo lweentsingiselo fashion zobuciko.

Yokuhlobisa e Russia

Imiba nendlela yaseYurophu yase ngenkulungwane ye-18 eRashiya waqalisa ukubonisa womelele ngakumbi phakathi kwinkulungwane. Ubukhulu becala lo mgca sisetyenziswa ngokubanzi uhombiso ngaphakathi ngaphakathi ebhotwe, sistucco kwi lwefacade izakhiwo ezininzi, ngokunjalo kwamanye amasebe lobugcisa kunye nemisebenzi yezandla. Trend style bokwakha beza eRashiya evela eFransi phantse isiqingatha senkulungwane emva kwexesha.

Ngowe-1662, uKumkani yaseFransi - Louis XIV - iqala ukwakhiwa Versailles, kwaye ngo-1710 apho Peterhof eRashiya. Ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha senkulungwane, njengoko edumileyo wezakhiwo Antonio Rinaldi isakhiwo Oranienbaum, phakathi enqabeni Peterstadt, yase-style ebhotwe. Kwinkulungwane XVIII ke udla ngokubizwa ngokuba "The Stone House", kwaye ngoku kukho imyuziyam of "» Dvorets Petra III.

Zokubonisa yase lwezakhiwo eyinkunzi kumantla Russia

indlu Stone e kwikomkhulu kumantla eRashiya iyafana egumbini epakini waza wenza imilo kunokuba engaqhelekanga - isikwere kunye cut-off ye arc engile egudileyo. Phezulu emnyango esetyenziswayo ezihonjiswe kunye balcony kunye ngokugqibeleleyo grille wenza-yentsimbi. Ubuhle Ukuntsonkotha wesakhiwo wabulela iingcango eliphezulu kwaye evuthelweyo kumgangatho wesibini, kwakunye iintsika engaqhelekanga.

Ingaphakathi izindlu ngamatye, kwakunye olungaphambili senziwe kwi indlela yokuhlobisa. Ukususela ngelo xesha, ukuhonjiswa igumbi uba kwicala nangokwahlukeneyo bokwakha. Zangaphakathi kule style luphawulwa ahlukahlukeneyo, lobuhle nokubabhaqa. Yobuninzi Imibala Shiny, ukuhlanganiswa emhlophe ubuncwane oluhlaza, eblowu okanye pink, negolide inlay - zonke iinkalo yokuhlobisa eSt Petersburg bokwakha.

Kunye nale ntsingiselo eRashiya kwafika enye into imibala - exotics Chinese, nto leyo kubonakala yabeka izinto ukuba zinokuhonjiswa igumbi, kwakunye namagumbi lonke zibe banzi, ihonjiswe ngale ndlela.

iimpawu ezikhethekileyo yokuhlobisa

Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo yase omkhulu bokwakha kunye ezimbejembeje emikhulu uphawu ndandifeketha na, lobuhle zezenzo. Abakhi akasafuni ukuba ukwakha iiholo elide ophezulu, kwaye bakhetha igumbi elincinane ofudumeleyo iiwindow abade, mvisiswano leyo, kwelinye icala, ziye zahlelwa ehlabathini ngezinyuko engundoqo, ngaloo ndlela intuthuzelo likhulu bonke abaqeshi zendlu.

Uninzi izakhiwo lisiba ezifanayo ngakumbi loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubela-bendlu-ihotele, nto leyo ilungiselelwe intsapho. Oku kuyilwa yezakhiwo sele othandwayo ngenxa apho baqalisa ukwakha ezininzi izakhiwo ngaphambili zenziwe style amakhulu kunye omkhulukazi ezimbejembeje.

Yonke into enye, nangona yobuninzi izihombo kunye nezinye izinto zokuhombisa, yokuhlobisa wakhangela enzima omkhulukazi. Ngaphandle kwezibakala - wayebonakala ukukhanya silula ukuya Ukuntsonkotha kwanolungiso lomgaqo iinkcukacha kunye nemibala ngemvisiswano ofanayo umbulelo.

Yase kwi ngaphakathi zezakhiwo

Yokuhlobisa sichaphazele kuphela iintsingiselo kunye nophuhliso lwezakhiwo - isimbo angawaconganga elinye icala art. Ngaphezu koko, ngokuba uninzi bezakhiwo ixesha kuba embindini ngayo yindawo apho umgca omtsha ifumana ukubonakala kwayo bha. Layout kwezakhiwo wayesoloko azilingani, wakha ngeenxa zonke, mbhoxo, nkqu-8-kwikona egumbini.

Xa yase ngenkulungwane XVIII, ogama ngezakhiwo luphawulwa lula nobabalo, aze abe yinxalenye isithuba elingaphakathi. amagumbi banikwa, izinto zasekhitshini, kunye drapery, kwakunye sikholisa ukuba izinto iliso, esalinikwayo igumbi nobugocigoci ngakumbi - konke oku uphawu embindini kwi indlela yokuhlobisa.

uphawu lwe-aksenti yaseTshayina e le yokuhlobisa

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ezimbalwa ngentla trend imibala bokwakha kwinkulungwane XVIII ngandlel 'ithile idibene ntlokoma Chinese. Kweli xesha, xa ngaphakathi zezakhiwo baya zinokubonakala izinto zeMpuma inkcubeko, nto leyo ifanele indlela yokuhlobisa. baye amagumbi zohlulwa zayimimandla ezikhethekileyo usebenzisa screens ukukhanya nezinto, kunye nekhitshi kusiba kunokwenzeka ukuba uyibonile iiseti yoqobo kunye nezinye iimpahla ezenziwe China.

Amagumbi okufana shades zendalo kunye noyilo zeentyantyambo. Imithi kunye komboko ezingcakacileyo, akwariyam intlanzi kunye nobuhle bendawo orchid, intabalala yegolide kunye nezinye mibala Chinese - zonke kakuhle ezidityanisiweyo ingaphakathi yokuhlobisa kwexesha.

yase yezakhiwo zobufazi

Ukuze angene bonke ubuhle kunye umoya le isimbo art kunye lwezakhiwo, akwanelanga ukuba babone ubuhle - kufuneka ube nako ukuva oko. Nje kwenzeka, mhlawumbi eli isimbo attribute ukuya nababhinqileyo. Kwanele ukuba ukukhumbula ukuba zonke emagumbini khiwo esikhulu kwaye esipha- ngokutsha kwigumbi elincinane, esitheleyo olusondeleneyo. Ubufazi oluvakele yonke into. Ngaphezu koko, nkqu iiholo emikhosini amagumbi afana boudoirs - eninzi kakhulu kubo bonke kwigumbi nolusenyongweni.

shades Ukukhanya kunye ezifihlakeleyo yezakhiwo, ezigoso anencasa undilisekile beendonga, kukho inani elikhulu yezibuko, ngokunjalo izinto njengezivatho ngentsontelo yemisonto nobuninzi sistucco anemvakalozwi ezintle - Angathini na uhlobo sisondele eligqibeleleyo?

style ukudlala ezintle zokwakha yeyona imisebenzi engcono yemiyalezo lomlinganiswa ababhinqileyo.

yokuhlobisa namhlanje

ngekhulu XVIII - ixesha yase lwezakhiwo eRashiya. Noko ke, okwangoku kukho abalandeli le isimbo eling'awukazi abachubekileyo.

imibala Shiny, imigca anencasa uhombiso negolide, imibala ukukhanya kwaye inani elikhulu lwezincedisi cute, zonke iintlobo kweepateni curls, kunye neentlobo yezibuko engaqhelekanga kwaye lokuzenzela - yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo olwahlula kwicala bokwakha.

Ubuciko Igumbi isimbo kwenkulungwane ye-18 - lithuba elikhulu uzive ngathi intshisakalo ngokwenene. Okunokwenzeka amathuba nophuhliso iinkampani ifanitshala, kwakunye ngobungqola okukhulu abayili kunye abahombisa kunceda ukudala yoqobo kunye engaqhelekanga kwigumbi kwi indlela yokuhlobisa. Kwezi ndawo ungenza ngokwenene ukunandipha ubomi yaye sibunandiphe yonke imihla entsha.