Imbali kwi Internet: kwakukho noko ngowuphi unyaka yasungulwa

Computer ngaphandle Internet namhlanje - nto ibonakala ingamampunge. Kakade ke, le yeyona ndlela iluncedo kakhulu ukunxibelelana, ukufuna ulwazi, kwaye zenzi imali. Kodwa ke akusoloko - ekuqaleni network kokusungulwa kakhulu kwenye injongo.

Njani ukuba kwaqala?

Ngoko ke, oko wadala Internet, apho wabonakala, yaye abo abasebenzisi bayo bokuqala? "Inethiwekhi emhlabeni Abazali 'ingqalelo, Kakade ke, i-United States iSebe lezoKhuselo owathi ngo-1957 batyelela ingcamango imfuneko axhobe (kwimeko lemfazwe) inkqubo ethembekileyo ngotshintshiselwano ngolwazi yokusebenza. Ubizo ukwenza lokuqala inethiwekhi esuka kwikhompyutha iye wawabeka ezizibeni zamagxa ze kumaziko ezininzi zophando US.

Ngenxa utyalo nesisa evela kwiSebe lezoKhuselo, sele ngowe-1969, wavalelwa kwiprojekthi ebizwa ngokuba ARPANET, leyo simanyene womnatha lolwazi Abaseki bayo: California University, eStanford Research Centre, University of Utah kunye California. Kungekudala inkqubo ngenxa ukusebenza kunye jikelele baqala ukuphuhlisa waba othandwa kakhulu phakathi izazinzulu yexesha.

"Le kugqiba nobusuku" kwimbali network

Yintoni unyaka owavela Internet, kakade. Kodwa yintoni ithathwa umhla wokuzalwa kwakhe? Le Oktobha 29, 1969. Le mini namhlanje zithathwa ngemvelaphi kwimbali yawo. Makhe ukukhumbula iziganeko ngaloo mini ibalulekileyo, okanye mandithi ebusuku. Oku kwaqala at 21:00, xa intlanganiso yokuqala epheleleyo phakathi California kunye Stanford yabanjwa. Ukudluliselwa kolwazi kusetyenziswa yi-University of California Charli Klayn, waza wamthabatha, wamsa Stanford Bill Duvall, engqina kokufumana uphawu nganye ngomnxeba. Kodwa njengoko bathi, i libiza lokuqala isoloko sofele, ukuze, emva kokuba ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo abalinganiswa ezintathu (LOG), ayiphumelelanga. ezingqondweni Bright isayensi American kwiyure enesiqingatha ukwakha unxibelelwano, kwaye sele emsebenzini 22:30 kuqaliswe: Bill Duvall wavuma kokufumana igalelo ngokupheleleyo imiyalelo kwi-network (kwikhompyutha).

Ngoko ke ukuba ngaba unayo i imfuno okudalwe Internet unyaka, nangona kakhulu likumgangatho phendula ngokuzithemba: Oktobha 29, 1969.

Email - tyhala iindimbane

Kaloku, emva koko waya ngathi clockwork. Sele iminyaka emithathu kamva, Oktobha 2, 1971, waye wasungula ithandwa kangaka namhlanje, kuthetha konxibelelwano - e-mail. Ikhowudi Inkqubo imiyalezo yokuqala sidalwe ARPANET,
Kwakugcwele imigca 200. Le resource - umsebenzi Ray Tomlinson, elikhokelayo injineli BBN Technologies, wasungula umlinganiswa ukuba nangoku lisebenza isinqandi phakathi Igama lomsebenzisi kunye nedilesi ithambeka. Olu phawu namhlanje ngekratshi ukubiza "inja".

Ukuqaliswa kwe-e-mail kwinginginya yaba sisiganeko isigqibo kwimbali yophuhliso Internet. Apho unyaka bekukho i-imeyile yokuqala, kwaye ayinamsebenzi. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba Bulelani kuye, nokuba womnatha abangafezekanga iye jikelele, ukuba xhuma ngokwayo izigidi zabasebenzisi abanomdla.

Bt umhlaba

1973 kucingwa ekuqaleni ukuthandwa ngamazwe kwi, njengokuba ngu Intambo ngomnxeba intambo UK kunye Norway zafakelwa kwinkqubo ulwazi US. Kwaye emva kweminyaka 10 ARPANET wanikwa igama elitsha - Internet. Apho unyaka kwakukho elide ngoku ngokuzingca ukubiza i World Wide Web? Ngowe-1983.

Ngeli xesha, i-Intanethi kuphela indlela yokuthumela i-imeyili, kodwa iqonga obhale iindaba kunye nezaziso. Ngowe-1984 wenza i Domain Name System, nto leyo ukunika irobhothi elula kunye needilesi Internet. Kulo nyaka yayiyilwe yi enye enkulu Intercollegiate Network NSFNET, nto leyo eyayifikelela kwi-kukhuphiswano nikufanele kwi ARPANET.

Imvelaphi iindlela zale mihla zokunxibelelana

Online chat namhlanje bekuya kuba nzima ukuba zange ziphuhliswe IRC protocol, leyo ziguqulelwe intetho eqhelekileyo kuthetha ukuba omnye, njengoko "ingxoxo". Internet ngaphandle kwakungayi kuba Internet. Apho unyaka kwabakho inkonzo yonxibelelwano ngexesha lokwenene? Ngo-1988.

1989 kwaphawula nesiqalo nokufika oyinyaniso World Wide Web. Le mbono lafika Tim Barnes-Lee, owoyiswayo ukudibanisa ingcaciso ekhoyo ngexesha kumsebenzi womnatha kwi Uhlobo olunye, nobunye, ebizwa ngokuba yi-World Wide Web. Yenza kucingwe ngayo ufako lomgca amakhonkco aphezulu. Ngelo xesha ke, ukuba ubakhanyisele indlela HTTP protocol iye yaphuhliswa nge HTML.

ARPANET zayeka ukubakhona kuthelekiswa kutshanje - ngo-1990, yaye zonke ngenxa NSFNET, nto leyo bongamile kuye ngeendlela ezininzi. ngonyaka nje omnye emva kokuba ekhululwe njengomkhangeli zincwadi omtsha NCSA kaMoses, apho i- World Wide Web waba ifumaneke iindlela zoluntu zokunxibelelana. Sele njengokuba ka-1997 kwi-Internet ngaphandle iikhompyutha emalunga ne-10 lezigidi ngaphezulu kwesigidi domains inkqubo abhaliswa.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba ngowuphi unyaka wadala Internet, owenza ngayo nokuba kutheni. Enoba yayiyintoni na, eli mpumelelo inkulu technology isayensi, iminyaka emininzi yaba yinxalenye yehlabathi lanamhlanje.