I-Chastotnik yesithuthi sombane ngezandla zabo: isiphaluka, imfundo kunye noxhumano

Kule nqaku, siza kujonga i-chastotnik yemoto yamandla, umgaqo wokusebenza kwayo kunye nezinto eziphambili. Ugxininiso oluphambili luya kufakwa kwi-theory, ukuze uqonde umgaqo we-converter frequency kwaye emva koko uza kuvelisa kwaye uyivelise ngezandla zakho. Kodwa okokuqala udinga inkambo encinane yokuqala, okuya kukuxelela ukuba yiyiphi i-chastotnik kwaye yintoni injongo efunekayo.

Imisebenzi yomguquli wexesha

Isabelo seengonyama sihlala kwishishini ngama-motor asynchronous. Kwaye babehlala bekunzima ukulawula, kuba banesantya esiphezulu se-rotor, kwaye ukutshintsha umbane wokufakelwa kunzima, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunzima. Kodwa i-chastotnik ibuyisela umfanekiso ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye ukuba ngaphambili ukutshintsha isantya somthumeli, umzekelo, wasebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa, ke namhlanje ukwanele ukusebenzisa ifowuni enye.

Ukongeza, i-band frequency ikuvumela ukuba ungafumani nje kuphela ithuba lokutshintsha iiparitha zee drive, kodwa kunye nezinye iindidi zokukhusela ezongezelelweyo. Akukho mfuneko yokuba baqalise i-electromagnetic, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha awanakudinga intanethi yesigaba esithathu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwinqwelo yokupasa. Yonke le misebenzi, exhunywe ngokutshintsha nokutshintshwa kwindlela yokusebenza yombane, iya kudlulela kwi-frequency converter. Ikuvumela ukuba utshintshe izigaba kwimveliso, ubukhulu bexesha langoku (kwaye ngoko isivinini se-rotor siyahluka), qalisa ukuqala kwaye uhlaziye utshintsho, kunye neminye imisebenzi eminye ingenziwa. Konke kuxhomekeke kwi-microcontroller esetyenziswe kwisiphaluka solawulo.

Umgaqo wokusebenza

Yenza i-chastotnik yesithuthi sombane ngezandla zabo, icebo linikezelwa kwinqaku, lilula. Ikuvumela ukuba uguqulwe isigaba esinye sibe sesithathu. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba isebenzise imoto engqinelanayo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla . Ngexesha elifanayo, ukusebenza kwayo kunye namandla akulahlekanga. Emva koko, uyazi ukuba xa uvula imoto kwinethiwekhi kunye nesigaba esinye, ukunciphisa kwale parameters phantse kabini. Kwaye kukho konke ukuguqulwa kwamanani ombane oza kungena kwicebo.

Iyokuqala ibhloko yokulungisa. Iinkcukacha ezininzi malunga nalo ziya kuchazwa ngezantsi. Emva kokuba i-voltage elungisiwe icutshulwe. Kwaye i-intanethi echanekileyo iyaphuma kwigalelo le-inverter. Yenza ukuguqulwa kwendawo yangoku ngokusetyenziswayo kunye neenombolo ezifunekayo zamanqanaba. Oku kuhlaselwa kungenziwa phantsi kohlengahlengiso. Iqukethe ama-semiconductors, apho isiphaluka solawulo lwe-microcontroller sisisityenzisiweyo. Kodwa ngoku malunga nawo onke amanqaku ngokubanzi.

I-block retifier

Ingaba yimiba emibini - isigaba esisodwa kunye nesithathu. Uhlobo lokuqala lokuvuselela lungasetyenziswa kunoma iyiphi inethiwekhi. Ukuba unesigaba esithathu, ngoko kwanele ukuxhuma omnye. I-Scheme chastotnika yesithuthi sombane ayigqibekanga ngaphandle kweyunithi yokulungisa. Ekubeni kukho umehluko kwinani lezigaba, kuthetha ukuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa inombolo ethile yediodisuctor diodes. Ukuba sithetha ngabaguquguquli bexesha elide, ezondliwa ukusuka kwisigaba esinye, ke kufuneka umlungisi weediode ezine kufuneka. Zitshintshwa ngebhaloji.

Ikuvumela ukuba unciphise umahluko phakathi kwexabiso lombane kwi-input and output. Ngokuqinisekileyo, isisigidi se-wave-wave circuit singasetyenziselwa, kodwa ayinakulungelelanisa, kuphakanyiswa inani elininzi lokunyuka. Kodwa ukuba ngumbuzo woqhagamshelwano lwesigaba sesithathu, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa ii-semiconductors ezintandathu kwisiphaluka. Ngokukodwa isicwangciso esifanayo kumhleli we-car generator, akukho ntlukwano. Into kuphela enokuzongezwa apha idiode ezongezelelweyo ezintathu ezenzelwe ukukhusela kumbane wokujika.

Izinto zokucoca

Emva kokuvuselela kukho icebo. Injongo yayo ephambili kukuba kunqunyulwe yonke into eguqukileyo yolu hlobo olulungisiweyo. Ngomfanekiso ocacileyo, umzekelo wokutshintshwa kufuneka ulungiswe. Ngoko, kunye nokudlulela ngekhoyili. Kwaye i-electrolytic capacitor yongezwa phakathi kokunye kunye nokunciphisa. Nantsi oku kwaye inomdla kwiqhinga lokufaka endaweni. Ukuba i-coil ithatyathwa yindlela eyenziwa ngayo , i-capacitor ingaba ngumqhubi okanye ikhefu phambi kwendawo ekhoyo ngoku.

Njengoko kwathiwa, kukho okwangoku ngqo kwi-rectifier. Yaye xa ithe isondliwa kwi-electrolytic capacitor, akukho nto eyenzekayo, ekubeni i-final is a break in circuit. Kodwa kukho uguquko oluthile okwangoku. Kwaye ukuba kukho ukuhamba okuqhubekayo, kuhamba kwisiphaluka sendawo, i-capacitor iba ngumqhubi. Ngenxa yoko, uphawu oluhlanganisiweyo luvaliwe ukuba lufakwe. Ezi ziphumo zenziwe ngokwemithetho yeKirchhoff, eziziseko zobunjineli bamandla kagesi.

Inverter Power Power

Kodwa ngoku sele sifinyelele kwi-node ephambili-i-cascade ye-transistors. Benza inverter - i-DC-to-AC yomguquleli. Ukuba ukhiqiza i-chastotnik yesithuthi sombane ngezandla zakho, ngoko ke kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise iindibano ze-IGBT-transistor, ungazifumana kunoma iyiphi ivenkile yeevendiyo. Kwaye iindleko zazo zonke izixhobo zokwenza i-chastotnik ziya kuba ziphindwe kabini ngaphantsi kwexabiso lomveliso ogqityiweyo, kwanokwenziwa kweShayina.

Iingqapheli ezimbini zisetyenziswe kwisigaba ngasinye. Zibandakanywa phakathi kokunye kunye nokunciphisa, njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo owanikwe kwinqaku. Kodwa umtshintshi ngamnye unemveliso yokulawula. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisiphi isignali esisetyenziswe kuyo, iipropati zento ye-semiconductor ziyatshintsha. Ngaphezu koko, oku kunokwenziwa kokubili ngokuguqulwa komsebenzi (umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa amanani amancinci amaninzi ukusebenzisa i-voltage kwiimpawu zokulawula ezifunekayo) okanye ngokuzenzekelayo. Nantsi iyokugqibela kwaye iya kuqhubeka.

Inkqubo yo lawulo

Kwaye ukuba ukudibanisa kwe-frequency converter kumoto wombane kulula, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukudibanisa iipedali ezihambelanayo, ngoko yonke into iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kwisiphaluka solawulo. Into ekhoyo kukuba kukho isidingo sokucwangcisa isixhobo ukuze kufikelelwe ukulungiswa okuphezulu kunokwenzeka. Kwinqanaba le-microcontroller, lidibanisa abafundi nabaphathi. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuba ngabaguquli bamanje abaza kubeka iliso amandla okusetyenziswa ngogesi kagesi. Kwaye xa kuthe gqitha, i-chronograph kufuneka ishintshwe.

Ukudibanisa isiphaluka solawulo

Ukongezelela, ukukhuselwa kokutshiswa komlilo kunikwa. Kwi-output control of microcontroller, usebenzisa idivaysi efanayo (i-Darlington assembly), i-terminals control of transistors ze-IGBT zixhunyiwe. Ukongeza, kufuneka ukhangele i-parameters, ngoko kufuneka udibanise isibonakaliso se-LED kwisiphaluka. Ukusuka kubafundi, kufuneka udibanise amaqhosha okuvumela ukuba utshintshe phakathi kweendlela zokupasa, kunye nokuchasana okuchaseneyo, ngokuguqula oku kutshintsha isantya se-rotor yesithuthi.

Isiphelo

Ndifuna ukuqaphela ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuvelisa i-freewheel yemoto yamandla, intengo yomkhiqizo ogqityiweyo iqala ukusuka kuma-ruble ama-5000. Yaye le yeenjini zombane ogunyazisiweyo onamandla angadluli kwi-0.75 kW. Ukuba ufuna ukulawula umqhubi onamandla, udinga i-freewheel eyabiza. Ukusetyenziswa kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla, icebo elilandelayo lanele. Isizathu kukuba akukho mfuneko yeqela elikhulu lemisebenzi kunye nezicwangciso, ezibaluleke kakhulu kukuguqula isantya se-rotor.