Foetal Alcohol Syndrome. Utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa

Oogqirha akulolize rhoqo walumkisa ngeengozi zotywala, ingakumbi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukongeza nefuthe elibi emzimbeni kamama, ichaphazela kwimveku ngaphakathi kwisibeleko - umntwana lowo ongazanga kuzalwa.

Njani yingozi utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa?

Njengoko enamandla imichiza teratogen, ethanol kukhokelela umonakalo ezininzi olungekazalwa. Yena ngokukhawuleza ehlangana umqobo ngumkhaya kwaye ufumana kusana, kunye eyavela egazini ngumntwana ngaphezu koko umama. Iinkqubo enzyme bevuna ababandakanyekayo nethe-ethanol, akakwazi yokungenelela ngokupheleleyo utywala. Ngenxa yoko, mpilo akasinikanga olungekazalwa, leyo ngokuyimfuneko echaphazela uphuhliso yayo kunye nokwenziwa kwanokuchithwa, ebangela ukubonakala foetal alcohol syndrome.

Kuthathwa ukuba idosi elibalulekileyo ethanol ukuba kosana esibelekweni ilingana 30-60 ml ngosuku. Kodwa ke, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba imali ekhuselekileyo utywala nje engenzekiyo.

Isiqhamo lubekwa isiphumo embryotoxic-ethanol ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukusela utywala ngexesha ekhulelwe ibangela umngcipheko ephezulu iziphene zokuzalwa kunye nokufa ezingekazalwa kwithuba leenyanga ezintathu yesibini - ukuphazamiseka CNS zesakhiwo. Kumanqanaba okugqibela lokukhulelwa, oku kuxhomekeka kungabangela abazizidalwa ngokukhula Palsy.

Yintoni foetal alcohol syndrome?

Oku iqela malformations iziphene kubantwana, okubangwa nempembelelo eteratogenic-ethanol. Le ngezifo iphawulwa ukulibaziseka kuphuhliso ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni zosana, ibonwa komzimba eziliqela, ukukhubazeka engqondweni kunye nezinye abakhubazekileyo.

Foetal Alcohol Syndrome - sisphumo, nto leyo banesifo kwiintsana omama ubunzima yokusela ezinganyangekiyo. Isiseko ngemvelaphi esi sifo sesichengeni iityhefu eziyingozi ethyl utywala kunye neemveliso zayo yokubola ekukhuleni kosana olungekazalwa ngaphakathi esiswini. Oku kunokwenzeka ne fast anqumle ethanol ngumkhaya ochaphazela isibindi, RNA kuyondelelaniswe kunye nokuthuthwa izinto ezininzi, azafunyanelwa ndawo.

Nezihlandlo wokuzalwa kwabantwana nalo ngezifo yahluka ukusuka amatyala amabini ukuya ezisixhenxe nganye 1000 ezizalwayo. Kwamanye amazwe, la manani aphezulu kakhulu. Iingcali ziye waphawula tyekelo enamandla: ukuzalwa komntwana wakhe wokuqala abakhubazeke kakhulu zophuhliso abazali musa nezigqibo - usana yesibini yaye kamva ngowama-70% yamatyala zenzeka kunye uxilongo efanayo.

A incinane

Umbungu Okokuqala ngaphakathi butywala esizalweni iye yachazwa zizazinzulu P. Lemoine. Wafunda iqela labantwana boomama abanengxaki mkhuba, bafumana izifo ezithile zophuhliso. Kamva, kl Jones wathi ngemisebenzi zokutenxa ebantwaneni omama abazange inkunkuma evela utywala ngethuba lokukhulelwa. Ngokuhlanganisa izifundo ezibini, zizazinzulu ezi iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho "syndrome utywala foetal". Ekubeni oogqirha ehlabathini lonke baye baqala ukuba ukuhlola amanyathelo abonakalayo ngezifo.

Ukuhlola okwenziwa kolu ico zibonisa ukuba sex ezifanelekileyo musa ilifa ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga ngeengozi utywala. Yiloo nto kuphela abathile zingabandakanywa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. abafazi abaninzi ngempazamo abakholelwa ukuba iwayini ebomvu nje engenabungozi ndingekazalwa, nkqu inegalelo ekwakhiweni kwayo elichanekileyo. Ngokutsho manani, malunga nama-80% abasetyhini ukusela utywala phambi ukukhulelwa, kwaye-20% musa ukundishiya kude umntwana ezelwe.

picture clinical

syndrome utywala Fetal - oyena nobangela lobulwelwe ngenqondo umntwana. Bakwazi ukuthatha ngokohlobo ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo luvo central, ukuphazamiseka yokuziphatha kunye zobuntlola. Amaxesha amaninzi abantwana nalo unesifo kukho usesemva emva ubunzima kunye nokuphakama. Ahluke in a ukubukeka: ehlola palpebral asisifutshane, iindevu zingcakacile, emseleni labial kakhulu ingachazwayo. Ngamanye amaxesha apho microcephaly kunye kwekhulu ptosis. mgaqweni zobuso ezifana kubonakala ubomi. ukungaqheleki ezimandundu na isifo sentliziyo, dysplasia amalungu kunye nesifuba ukukhubazeka.

syndrome utywala Fetal kubantwana esibonakala zokuva kunye nombono, silale. Abayi walibona ukhumbule ulwazi esikolweni, ukuyilawula phezu iimvakalelo zabo. Aba bantwana kunzima ukuqhelana iqela, abazi ukuba njani abahlobo kunye noontanga babo, ngoko ngokuqhelekileyo ingcebiso noqeqesho kwizikolo yokuhlala ehostele ezikhethekileyo.

uxilongo zokugula

Neonatologist ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa komntwana ukuxilonga foetal alcohol syndrome. Iimpawu uphawu le ngezifo, zibonakala ukuya ngeliso lenyama (ubude ephantsi / ubunzima, ukungaqheleki wangaphandle). Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo phambi kwimbali ekuthiwa zotywala unina.

biomarkers esikhethekileyo ezivelileyo echazwe iinwele kunye meconium okunamafutha asidi esters. ngoncedo olufunekayo ukuze ukunika isifo bokuphela iindlela neuroimaging. Ezi ziquka MRI ebuchotsheni kunye neurosonography. Ukuze ngaphandle ukuphazamiseka kakhulu kuphuhliso abantwana benza ECG, ultrasound i EEG.

esweni elandelayo umntwana unesifo "utywala foetal alcohol syndrome" ikhutshwa phandle ziingcali.

Yintoni unyango efunekayo?

Le ngezifo ayikho zifo. Noko ke, iindlela ngexesha iingcali nga lula kakhulu ebomini izigulane abatsha. Ezinye iimpawu zezi efanele ilungiswe utyando (ukuphazamiseka wentliziyo, lokugaya). Ukuphelisa iziphene maxillofacial iyenziwa uqhaqho zeplastiki.

Ukuqwalasela yi luvo ukhuthaza ukulungiswa nokuphambuka ezingabalulekanga evela CNS. Bonke abantwana nalo Uxilongo kufuneka nakanjani ibonwe ngumntu ngengqondo. Incutshe kunokunceda umntwana ukuqhelana eluntwini, ingakumbi ukuba kulungise ukuziphatha kwakhe.

Ipredikshini kunye nokuthintela

Abantwana nalo syndrome badla bachithe ubomi babo bonke kumaziko, yaye emva - kwi boarding ngokwasengqondweni-luvo. Bathi abazali ezingeyomfuneko yaye akakwazi ukujonga emva ngokwayo.

Kuba ukunqanda foetal alcohol syndrome kwi umntwana zonke namakhosikazi aselekhulile yokuzala kufuneka ukuba ivandlakanywe kunye nokuchongwa kwangethuba zamaqela lomngcipheko ekuthiwa njalo-. Ukuba ungakwazi ukungena abagada basele rhoqo iziselo ezinxilisayo. Amaxesha amaninzi, amabhinqa amaninzi ayazi noyena utywala ukuba kuyingozi xa ukhulelwe umntwana olungekazalwa. Oogqirha kufuneka aqhube umsebenzi rhoqo kwi nokwehliswa okanye ekumeni ngokupheleleyo zikaVitoliya mfazi. Abo bangakwaziyo ngokuzimeleyo ukuyeka lo mkhwa, kufuneka uthumele ukuba impatho ekhethekileyo.