Eyona nto iphambili spreadsheet ... Imiba esisiseko ye-Excel spreadsheet

Wonke umsebenzisi PC mihla, xa bejamelene kunye neenkqubo-Microsoft Office, namhlanje enye ixhaphakileyo, uyazi ukuba inyanzelekile ekhoyo MS Excel isicelo. Ngoku sijonga le ngcamango spreadsheets. Endleleni, niya kunikwa isishwankathelo izinto eziphambili isakhiwo itafile lweziqalelo kunye data, yaye ezinye iimpawu zazo.

Yintoni i-Excel spreadsheet?

Sisihlandlo sokuqala Excel, ibhekisela 1987, xa Microsoft wakhupha office zayo edume iinkqubo kunye izicelo, phantsi kwesihloko jikelele MS Office.

Enyanisweni, i-Excel spreadsheet yindlela jikelele nezibalo lweenkcukacha zonke iintlobo kunye amazinga unzima. Oku kuquka izibalo kunye algebra kunye nejiyometri, kunye nezetrigonometry, kunye nomsebenzi kunye matrices kunye nocazululo mathematical, nesisombululo iinkqubo ezininzi entsonkothileyo kwizibalo, nangaphezulu. Phantse yonke elibhekisele iinzululwazi ngqo yesi sicwangciso thaca kule program. Imisebenzi spreadsheet abantu abanjalo ukuba abasebenzisi abaninzi musa ngoko ke andazi ngazo, abayiqondi indlela enamandla le software. Kodwa izinto zokuqala kuqala.

Qalisa nge spreadsheets

Kwathi kamsinya nje akuba umsebenzisi ivula kwiprogram ye-Excel, ubona itafile kusuka ekuthiwa-itemplate yokungagqibekanga. Ummandla engundoqo ukusebenza ibandakanya lwemiqolo nemihlathi, ogama ekudibaneni eyenza iseli. Ekuqondeni intsebenziswano kunye nazo zonke iindidi zedata, isiqalelo iphambili iseli spreadsheet, ekubeni ukuba Administrator.

Iseli nganye ulandelelwano inani eyenziwa kumqolo lomhlathi izihlonipho, kunjalo, kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo isicelo zinokwahluka. Umzekelo, kwi kwinguqulelo 2003 yeseli yokuqala, sise ekudibaneni kwe-kwikholam «A» kunye nomgca «1», obizwa ngokuba «A1». Kulo version-2010, le ndlela iye yatshintsha. Apha ke notation uchazwa ngolandelelwano lwamanani kunye namanani, kodwa inkcazo lwemihlathi kumqolo okhethiweyo njenge «C», kwaye umgca - njenge «R». Abaninzi abaqondi ukuba yintoni ixhulumane. Kodwa yonke into ilula: «R» - unobumba wokuqala IsiNgesi igama umqolo (inombolo kumqolo), kunye «C» - kwikholam unobumba igama lokuqala (a column).

Idatha esetyenziswayo

Khankanya ukuba element engundoqo iseli spreadsheet, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba oku kubhekisela kuphela input data (values, itekisi, neefomyula, ulwalamano esebenzayo, njalo njalo). I data kwi iiseli unokuba ifomati eyahlukileyo. format lweseli umsebenzi utshintsho na ukubizwa wemenu yentsingiselo xa unqakraza kuyo RMB (iqhosha lemouse ekunene).

Idatha zinganikezelwa kwitekisi, amanani, ipesenti, ngokwe nzululwazi, imali (imali), ifomati iqhezu kunye nexesha, kwakunye nomhla. Ukongeza, ungakhankanya ezongeziweyo iparameters okanye uhlobo iindawo lokugqibela ngokusebenzisa amanani.

Eyona engundoqo window nkqubo: Ulwakhiwo

Ukuba ujonga ngokusondeleyo kwi window yesicelo engundoqo, ungabona ukuba version standard kwi table anokuqulatha ukuya kwiintsika 256 kunye 65.536 imikrozo. Emazantsi kwi tab sheets zilungiselelwe. Xa ifayile zabo ezintathu ezintsha, kodwa unako ukubeka nangaphezulu. Xa sicingela ukuba element ezisisiseko yinto noxwebhu spreadsheet, lo mba kufuneka kwaziwe ukuba umxholo semaphepheni ezahlukeneyo data ezahlukeneyo enokusetyenziswa xa ubalula umnqamlezo neefomula ezifanelekileyo okanye imisebenzi.

imisebenzi enjalo baluncedo kakhulu xa kuyilwa isishwankathelo iitafile, iingxelo, okanye iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo azo. Kufuneka kwakhona zithi ubukho sheets ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene japan data wokujika iiseli oxhomekeke kunye neemakhishithi ebalwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngaphandle ukuphinda-ngokufaka ifomula okanye umsebenzi evakalisa ubudlelwane ethile variables kunye constants.

Isendaweni phezu kwipleyiti eqhelekileyo imenu basic embalwa, ngezantsi nje ibha yefomyula le. Ethetha data equlethwe kwiiseli, kunokuthiwa ukuba element iphambili a spreadsheet kunye element esebenzayo, ezesizwe kumqolo ezininzi ibonisa itekisi okanye idata yamanani wangena iseli okanye ifomula kwaye ukuxhomekeka okusebenzayo. Ngokwezi ifomula kumqolo uboniso iseli kunye efanayo. Nangona kunjalo, kuba le fomati umqolo okanye udidi lwedata karhi. Oku kuphela kuthetha wokubukela kunye bachwetheze.

Iifomula e Excel spreadsheets

Ngokumalunga iifomyula yenkqubo zininzi. Abanye babo andazi nick abaninzi. Kakade ke, ukujongana bonke bephela, unako ukufunda ngenyameko sikhokelo efanayo, nangona kunjalo, le program ibonelela ngendlela ekhethekileyo ithuba kunye nenkqubo esizisebenzelayo.

Ngokunqakraza kwi ekhohlo iqhosha kwicala «f _x» (okanye umqondiso "="), uluhlu ukusuka apho ukukhetha intshukumo ofunekayo, nto leyo eya kubasindisa umsebenzisi ngesandla ukungenisa ifomula.

Kukho kwakhona enye sisixhobo esisetyenziswayo ngokuqhelekileyo. Lo msebenzi ezenzekelayo thaca kwi ifomu amaqhosha kwi toolbar. Apha, kakhulu, awunyanzelekanga ukuba ufake ifomula. Kwanele ukuba isebenze iseli kumqolo lomhlathi emva kuluhlu ezikhethiweyo, apho ibimele ukuba ukwenza ukubala, uze ucofe kwiqhosha. Kwaye oku umzekelo kuphela.

amaphepha oqhagamshelwano phakathi data, iifayile, kwaye cross-iimbekiselo

Ngokumalunga amakhonkco ezinxityelelanisiweyo, ngoko nayiphi iseli kwaye sheet nga incamatheliswe data ukusuka kwindawo eyahlukileyo yoxwebhu, idatha umfanekiso ubuso ngumthombo Internet okanye script ephunyeziweyo. Lize ikuvumela ukugcina isithuba kwidiski nokunciphisa ubungakanani loxwebhu yokuqala. Kakade ke, kunye nokudala indlela unxibelelwano ezinjalo kufuneka ukuba ayiqonde kakuhle. Kodwa njengoko bathi, oko fisa.

Yongeza-in, imifanekiso neetshathi

Ngokwezi izixhobo ezongezelelweyo kunye neempawu MS Excel spreadsheets zinika umsebenzisi uluhlu olubanzi anokukhetha kulo. Singasathethi ke wokongeza i-ukungena ezithile okanye zeempendulo Java ephunyeziweyo and Visual Basic, iya kugxininisa ekudalweni ezinceda ezibonwayo graphic ukubuka Iziphumo zohlalutyo.

Kucacile ukuba ukuze bazobe itshati okanye igrafu yakhiwe ngokusekelwe inani elikhulu lwe data oxhomekeke kuwe ngesandla, uze ufake igrafiki ibe itafile yifayile eyodwa okanye umfanekiso luqhotyoshelweyo alumiseli bonke, kwaye ufuna.

Kungenxa yoko le nto ukusetyenziswa kwendalo oluzenzekelayo yaphambi-kukhethwe ifomu kunye nohlobo. Kucacile ukuba zisekelwe kwimimandla idatha ethile. Njengoko ixesha iigrafu yokwakha kunye nemizobo Kungaphikiswa ukuba element engundoqo indawo ekhethiweyo spreadsheet okanye iindawo eziliqela sheets ezahlukeneyo okanye iifayile ezahlukeneyo eqhotyoshelweyo, uya kuhluthwa kwanoko amaxabiso kweziganga kunye neziphumo ebalayo oxhomekeke.

Faka amacebo okucoca

Kwezinye iimeko, oko kufuna ukusetyenziswa okucoca ezizodwa ezifakwe omnye okanye ngaphezulu imihlathi. Xa uhlobo yayo kwecacileyo, kuyanceda ukukhangela data, okubhaliweyo, okanye ixabiso kuloo mhlathi. Xa kuqondana zonke iziphumo ziya kuboniswa ngokwahlukileyo.

Ukuba kukho izixhomekeki, omnye umhlathi lwe data ecociweyo iya kubonisa ezinye amaxabiso ibekwe kwezinye iikholam kunye imikrozo. Kodwa ngumzekelo elula kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba isihluzo sesiko nganye submenu yayo kunye neenqobo ezithile search okanye sentlalo ethile.

isiphelo

Kakade ke, kuqwalaselwa isihloko olulodwa zonke iinkalo package software MS Excel nje akunakwenzeka. Ubuncinane apha uyakwazi ukubona izinto kule tafile eziphambili ngokusekelwe kwimeko nganye ngamnye okanye imeko, kwakunye kancinane ukuqonda, ukuze ndithethe, kunye ezisisiseko umsebenzi kule program hlawuleka. Kodwa uphuhliso ngokupheleleyo kuya kufuneka ukuba asebenze nzima. Amaxesha amaninzi ababhekisi phambili ngokwabo ukuba sihlala siyazi into umntwana wabo uyakwazi.