Dissimilation - oku ... Steps dissimilation

Dissimilation - a abasabela imichiza entsonkothileyo apho kukho yokubola okuthe iikhompawundi ezintsonkothileyo organic ukuba lula. Le nkqubo ihamba kuphuma amandla, amaninzi kuwo isetyenziswa ATP yokuqaphela.

Dissimilation eziphilayo

inkqubo Dissimilation malunga nokwenziwa. Njengoko ukuqala izinto ngokuxhomekeke ukubola, senze asidi acid, iiprotheni, amafutha kunye carbohydrate. A imveliso yokugqibela - amanzi, icarbon dioxide kunye ammonia. Iimveliso yokubola lomzimba yezilwanyana kunye olwenzeka kancane akhutshelwe ngaphandle. Kwesityalo carbon dioxide iyekelela ngokuyinxenye kunye ammonia ngokupheleleyo ezisetyenziswa inkqubo nokwenziwa, bakhonza njengoko eqala ukuba biosynthesis ye-oganikhi khompawundi eziphathekayo.

Le dissimilation ubuhlobo kunye nokwenziwa ivumela ancedisana lomzimba zihlaziywa rhoqo. Umzekelo, iintsuku 10 igazi albumin oluhlaziyiweyo iiseli engabantu, kwaye iinyanga 4 kutsha zonke erythrocytes. umlinganiselo ngobunzulu iinkqubo ezimbini malunga pathways kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Eli nqanaba yophuhliso ephilayo, kunye nobudala kunye nesimo nokomzimba. Ngexesha ukukhula kunye nophuhliso nokwenziwa umzimba siyema, leyo ifom iiseli ezintsha, ancedisana amalungu na umahluko yabo, oko kukuthi, umzimba wawo ukhula. Kwimeko yenkqubo ezimbi kunye nokuzila ukudla dissimilation ilawula nokwenziwa nokuncipha ubunzima bomzimba.

Ukuhlelwa eziphilayo in dissimilation indalo

Zonke izinto eziphilayo lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe ngamaqela amabini, ngokuxhomekeke kwiimeko apho uqhubeka dissimilation. Kuyinto iintsholongwane aerobic kunye anaerobic. Eyokuqala ifuna mpilo, imfuno yokugqibela ukuvavanya ubomi. Xa dissimilation anaerobic ngu ingeniso ibile, nto leyo enzymatic ukwetyisa ioksijini-free zenkqunto eziphilayo zibe lula. Umzekelo, lactic okanye Ukubila ezinxilisayo.

Amanqanaba dissimilation ku eziphilayo aerobic: sigaba wokulungiselela

Cleavage kwezinto eziphilayo aerobes oluqhutywa amanyathelo amathathu. Kwindawo nganye kubo kukho reactions eziliqela ezithile enzymatic.

Isigaba sokuqala - wokulungiselela. Indima iphambili kweli nqanaba ehlala kwi eziphilayo multicellular enzyme ibekwe kwisiqwenga zesisu. In kwiseli - enzyme lysosomal. Ngexesha iiproteni isigaba sokuqala ukubola zibe asidi acid, amafutha benza glycerol uyadinga asidi, polysaccharides ibolile zibe monosaccharides, nucleotides asidi acid.

glycolysis

Isigaba sesibini dissimilation - glycolysis. Oku kwenzeka ingekho i-oksijini. Iqumrhu glycolysis begazi kukuba imela ekuqaleni kukwahlukana kunye namachibi glucose ebangela amandla free egcinwe ngohlobo molekyuli ezimbini ATP. Senzeka kuthotho reactions ezilandelelanayo leyo iba isiphumo sokugqibela ukuyilwa omnye molecule glucose iimolekyuli ezimbini pyruvate kunye nemali efanayo ATP. Kungenxa kule uhlobo triphosphate egcinwe inxalenye amandla adenosine kwezinya njengoko luphumlo ngenxa glycolysis kwiintsali ziya kuba ngokohlobo ubushushu. abasabela lwemichiza glycolysis: S6N12O6 2ADF + + + 2F → 2S3N4O3 2ATF.

Xa iimeko ioksijini ukuhluleka plant cells kunye neeseli igwele piruvirat zahlulwe zibe amacandelo amabini: utywala ethyl kunye carbon dioxide. Le igwele utywala.

Umlinganiselo wamandla zakhutshwa ngexesha glycolysis ayanelanga kwabo eziphilayo leyo ukuphefumla ioksijini. Yiloo nto izilwanyana kunye nabantu amandla aphezulu emzimbeni kwi imisipha kuhlelwe lactic acid, ukhonza njengomthombo wamandla backup kwaye oluhlala ngohlobo zincancise. Eyona uphawu yale nkqubo ukuvela iintlungu izihlunu.

Le oksijini isigaba

Dissimilation - yinkqubo enzima kunene, ioksijini kunye kwisigaba sesithathu liquka reactions amabini alandelelanayo. Sithetha kumjikelo Krebs kunye phosphorylation oxidative.

Ngexesha igcwala le piruvirata oxygen wokuphefumla iimveliso okugqibela, ezo CO2 H2O. Oku ukhupha amandla egcinwe ngohlobo 36 ATP iimolekyuli. Emva koko, le manye inika kuyondelelaniswe kwezinto eziphilayo screen yeplastiki. isahlakalo yokuzivelela yeli nyathelo ngenxa nokwanda oksijini eziphilayo emoyeni kunye ukubonakala eziphilayo aerobic.

Indawo phosphorylation oxidative (internal zeselula) kukho inwebu ngaphakathi mitochondria, banayo umthuthi molekyuli bethwele ukuthuthwa electron mpilo eziphilayo. Ugesi kweli nqanaba libizwa kwentamo ngokuyinxenye ngokohlobo ubushushu, kwaye abanye iya ukwakhiwa ATP.

Dissimilation eziphilayo - kuba amandla kwemali, yokusabela elolu hlobo lulandelayo: S6N12O6 + 6O2 → 6SO2 + + 6N2O 38ATF.

Ngenxa yoko, dissimilation - iseti reactions ezenzeka ngenxa izinto eziphilayo eziye ngaphambili ukufaka yi yeseli, kunye mpilo, leyo wangena ukusuka kokusingqongileyo lwangaphandle ngexesha nokuphefumla.