Design moya. iimpawu zoyilo. Uyilo-moya A321

uyilo moya kuzichaphazela kakhulu yokuqhuba, umsebenzi wakhe zobugcisa kunye ashukimisayo. Ukuveliswa moya kuvunyelwa ukuba enze idabi eningenakukholwa nesantya ukuze soyise kude kakhulu. Cinga izinto kunye iimpawu umatshini eziphaphazelayo.

Elements of the isakhiwo moya

Apha ngezantsi kukho amagama amalungu eziphambili, eyenza le uninzi iinqwelo- mihla:

• Eyona umzimba moya (fuselage). Inceda yoqhagamshelo komnye core, amaphiko, powertrain kunye kwisisu semoto nezinye izinto zangaphandle. Ibekwe ngaphakathi fuselage ngenxa ndlwana crew, kungekwamthwalo umkhweli gumbi.
• iinjini ezinamandla izidubuli okanye umgangatho, nto leyo moya intshukumo.
• Wing - kwiinkcukacha isebenza ukuzinzisa le yunithi kunye nokudala lift.
• Kuba nemilinganiselo nokuzinza nkqo umsila nkqo.
• Umsila enqamlezileyo noxanduva lokulawula kunye nokuzinziswa kumatshini kwicandelo longitudinal.
• inkqubo yolawulo.
• izixhobo olongezelelweyo.

feathering

Uyilo ezaziwa lo moya ngomsila uphawu uninzi lupwa iinguqulelo ezithwala. Xa eli cebo, nomsila somfanekiso tye iquka ethile kunye zekheshi adjustable.

Le somfanekiso ukwenzela uzinzo-moya xa kuthelekiswa esqwini ezinqamlezayo. Xa yandisa impumlo kwicandelo moya umsila kunye neentsiba ukutya phezulu. Kule meko, uxinzelelo ukungena komoya kwi gumbi eliphezulu ukunyuka somfanekiso. Yenziwe ngu umthwalo returns somfanekiso kunye fuselage kwindawo oyifunayo.

Izixhobo kwakhona luquka nomsila nkqo angasemva. Siqulathe element ezinzileyo (isiqu) kunye zemithi yokujika alungiswe. Lo mgaqo iyafana ibandla amanyathelo analog oxwesileyo kuphela kwi-moya nkqo.

uyilo Aircraft inikeza unit uzinzo moya ezimbini. Ilungiselelo longitudinal iqinisekisa panel iphiko uzinzo imo yekona kwangaphambili ngokuphathelele omnye komnye, ngenxa «V» uhlobo ileta.

izilawuli

Xa ukwakhiwa aircraft imiphezulu ulawulo ebalulekileyo. Ilifti ezinokususwa angasemva somfanekiso element. Ukuba le Lendawo lixhotyiswe iperi consoles, kwaye yokujika ziya kuba ezimbini. synchronously Bona baphambuke kwehlisa okanye phezulu, ukunceda ukutshintsha ubude indiza idalwe.

Aileron - inxalenye eshukumayo yeqela lenjongo etikweni. Amvumela ukuba uzinzise moya xa kuthelekiswa esqwini longitudinal. Iziqalelo umsebenzi wenziwa synchronously, kuka inxalenye nganye kwenzeka kumacala ahlukeneyo.

Amaphini okugwedla i yingxenye zikhangeleke imfutshane ukuze uzinzise unit nkqo. Ujikelezo kwelinye icala evela ngakwicala steering kwenzeka de kube lelo xesha umqhubi ingabuyeli ivili lokuqhuba ukuya kwindawo cala.

Motor kunye nezinye iinkqubo

moya echazwe yafakwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-injini. Abanoxanduva isantya iseti kunye kokuvela abaseleyo. Iinjini nga mayixhonywe phambi kwe-moya, emqolo phezu kwamaphiko.

Kwahlukaniswa ephehla ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• iinjini Jet - kuquka iyunithi kabini-kwamaza kunye jet turbine.
• Imifuziselo piston thaca kunye ezahlukeneyo ezintsonkothileyo the samanzi - Screw.
• iinjini irula - lulwelo okanye esiqinileyo-high speed ukulungiswa.

Ngokuphatha izakhiwo moya ziquka eziliqela amacandelo. Kwisisu semoto unoxanduva ukuba le kunye nesithuthi igqampe emhlabeni zokuchopha evulekile. Lwane wasebenzisa unique ski-eYafo, esivumela umatshini ukuba usebenzise amanzi okanye ikhephu.

Uyilo lwe-moya A-321

Le ndlovu nguye ummeli inkulu Airbus moya kraca. Le nqwelo-moya mayixhotyiswe fuselage liyatshona, inani eliphezulu ukuba umthamo umkhweli. Ezinye iinguqulelo eziqhelekileyo kolu ngcelele zezi iisampulu ezimbini: A231-100 kunye kwasezantsi moya kuthelekiswa nabalingane, yaye A321-200 kunye itanki yamafutha ezongezelelweyo kunye iinjini ezinamandla.

Inani lilonke kukhutshwa umyalelo amawaka moya yale brand. Imveliso Uthotho kwezithuthi kuyaqhubeka ngexesha langoku. Model nayo yonke imigangatho efunekayo yaye namathemba ezilungileyo kurhwebo lwehlabathi kunye Airbus.

design moya A321 elula necacileyo. elingaphakathi umthamo abakhweli 200. ingami Isantya-moya - 900 km / h, kwaye ubuninzi ukuphakama ngexesha elinye - 10.5 km. Kule uluhlu yohluka malunga 4.3 ophosa.

Ubuhle nobubi

Phakathi A321 moya eziluncedo yefashoni zikhankanyiwe ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Umatshini une inqanaba eliphezulu usambathisa yesandi.
• Le fowuni ine intuthuzelo elungileyo yalila kunye abakhweli.
• lounge banzi kwaye bekhululekile.
• iparameters zobugcisa Outstanding.

Phakathi ukushiyeka saphawula iinkalo:

• A bit kuphelelwa indibanisela zobugcisa, xa kuthelekiswa ne imifuziselo angaphandle yakutshanje.
• ubunakho yokusebenza Limited.

Aircraft Design A-321 inika iindawo zokuhlala, apho ibekwe ngeziqwenga ezine emgceni. Zinelungelo ububanzi obutofotofo, lesikhumba ngombala, airbag eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi. Egumbini ibonelela umzali ithuba iikhompyutha, kwakunye nezinye izinto eziluncedo ngokwemiqathango umkhweli intuthuzelo.

ngezigaba

Ngesivumelwano moya zahlulwe uyilo yoluntu emkhosini. Imimandla oyintloko ngobuwena yokuqala mayixhotyiswe umkhweli okanye imithwalo gumbi. Asezikhundleni inxalenye enkulu ngaphakathi kwindawo fuselage.

Types of non-yokulwa moya:

1. abathwali umkhweli Local. Umfuno moya yabo phakathi km amabini neshumi lamawaka, kwaye udidi enjalo weyisayo ngaphezulu kwe-11 amawaka km.
2. Imifuziselo impahla zahlulwe iqela inobulali, aphakathi kunye kakhulu. Kuxhomekeka iziqinisekiso, ukuba akwazi ukwenza iitoni ezili-10 ukuya kuma-40 umthwalo.
3. iinqwelo- ezizodwa. Esetyenziselwa, ezolimo, iinjongo nesempilweni wokuhlola, umlilo zokulwa, ngokunjalo neeyunithi emoyeni.
4. ukuguqulwa Training.

ukwahluka Military abanayo izixhobo elingaphakathi enjalo bekhululekile. Inxalenye ephambili fuselage ubambe iinkqubo izixhobo, izixhobo ubukrelekrele, iimbumbulu kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa. Yinxenye yomkhosi neziwuza xa iklasi: imodeli emkhosini-ezothutho, abalwa, iinqwelo-moya ukuhlasela, ukuhlasela, sokuhlola.

Izixhobo-moya kuxhomekeke wesekethe ashukimisayo, abona kwakheka. Lubonakala linani lweziqalelo ezisisiseko kunye nelungiselelo yokuxhasa imiphezulu. Ukuba impumlo lo moya ubuninzi bemizekelo ezifanayo, indawo kunye nejiyometri samaphiko, icandelo nomsila ziyahluka ngokubanzi.

Ekupheleni

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba moya AN, ogama uyilo na uhlobo loyilo yamandulo, zazisetyenziswa zabakhweli kunye umthwalo air zokuhamba. Ngokubanzi, kukho izixhobo izikimu ezininzi iinqwelo-. Phakathi kwabo:

1. design Classical.
2. Chwetheza "iphiko flying".
3. design Tandem.
4. Ukulungisa i "idada".
5. scheme ukuguqulelwa nezidibeneyo.
6. "Tailless".

Phakathi ziyahluka loguqulelo ubeko iindawo akhiwe Motors, ngaphandle, isanda / ebikhona siseko, kwakunye isantya kunye nesikhundla parameters.